{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2147690605","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1061967","title":"Effects of Size and Temperature on Metabolic Rate","display_name":"Effects of Size and Temperature on Metabolic Rate","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-09-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2147690605","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1061967","mag":"2147690605","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11567137"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.1061967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1061967","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1061967","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016054046","display_name":"James F. Gillooly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-3268","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8516-3268"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James F. Gillooly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021025391","display_name":"James H. Brown","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5034-7585","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5034-7585"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308548392","display_name":"Santa Fe Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01arysc35","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James H. Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA","Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111567842","display_name":"Geoffrey B. West","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308548392","display_name":"Santa Fe Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01arysc35","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoffrey B. West","raw_affiliation_strings":["Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA","Theoretical Division, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Theoretical Division, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082332955","display_name":"Van M. Savage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3639-3718","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3639-3718"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1308548392","display_name":"Santa Fe Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01arysc35","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Van M. Savage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA","Theoretical Division, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM 87501, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1308548392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Theoretical Division, MS B285, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111752996","display_name":"Eric L. Charnov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","display_name":"University of New Mexico","ror":"https://ror.org/05fs6jp91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric L. Charnov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016054046"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":29.9256,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3884,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99948103,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"293","issue":"5538","first_page":"2248","last_page":"2251"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11056","display_name":"Physiological and biochemical adaptations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11056","display_name":"Physiological and biochemical adaptations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11354","display_name":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1911","display_name":"Paleontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13539","display_name":"thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-rate","display_name":"metabolic rate","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-mass","display_name":"body mass","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-effects","display_name":"temperature effects","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allometry","display_name":"allometry","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemical-kinetics","display_name":"biochemical kinetics","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resting-metabolic-rate","display_name":"resting metabolic rate","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hibernation","display_name":"hibernation","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endotherms","display_name":"endotherms","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ectotherms","display_name":"ectotherms","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microorganisms","display_name":"microorganisms","score":0.5289999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plants","display_name":"plants","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-time","display_name":"biological time","score":0.453000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13376991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q587698","display_name":"Ectotherm","level":2,"score":0.9808030724525452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992768293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623293","display_name":"Metabolic rate","level":2,"score":0.77354496717453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153026981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519888","display_name":"Allometry","level":2,"score":0.7411289811134338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119865680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q681126","display_name":"Hibernation (computing)","level":3,"score":0.6925004720687866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5058736205101013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.4616175591945648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20976626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12571883","display_name":"Endothermic process","level":3,"score":0.45821043848991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3299129009246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06976577639579773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000663","descriptor_name":"Amphibians","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001481","descriptor_name":"Basal Metabolism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001824","descriptor_name":"Body Constitution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001831","descriptor_name":"Body Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001835","descriptor_name":"Body Weight","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002245","descriptor_name":"Carbon Dioxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005399","descriptor_name":"Fishes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008136","descriptor_name":"Longevity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008322","descriptor_name":"Mammals","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008433","descriptor_name":"Mathematics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010101","descriptor_name":"Oxygen Consumption","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010944","descriptor_name":"Plants","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012104","descriptor_name":"Reptiles","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013045","descriptor_name":"Species Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017709","descriptor_name":"Fractals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.1061967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1061967","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1061967","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11567137","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11567137","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalrepository.unm.edu:biol_fsp-1001","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_fsp/2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196368","display_name":"UNM\u2019s Digital Repository (University of New Mexico)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169521973","host_organization_name":"University of New Mexico","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169521973"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Biology Faculty & Staff Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1642781841","https://openalex.org/W1965801259","https://openalex.org/W1966006097","https://openalex.org/W1970636319","https://openalex.org/W1998781513","https://openalex.org/W2013527739","https://openalex.org/W2071750743","https://openalex.org/W2080843536","https://openalex.org/W2102206458","https://openalex.org/W2108424822","https://openalex.org/W2140426834"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W41618776","https://openalex.org/W2073739795","https://openalex.org/W2888031082","https://openalex.org/W2951252540","https://openalex.org/W2056454066","https://openalex.org/W2493631736","https://openalex.org/W2117467811","https://openalex.org/W1988722263","https://openalex.org/W6948312568","https://openalex.org/W1968612946"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"derive":[1],"a":[2,77],"general":[3],"model,":[4],"based":[5],"on":[6,22],"principles":[7],"of":[8,17,30,56,79,89],"biochemical":[9],"kinetics":[10],"and":[11,19,38,51,66,83,92],"allometry,":[12],"that":[13],"characterizes":[14],"the":[15,71],"effects":[16],"temperature":[18],"body":[20,84],"mass":[21],"metabolic":[23,28,54],"rate.":[24],"The":[25,61],"model":[26],"fits":[27],"rates":[29,55],"microbes,":[31],"ectotherms,":[32],"endotherms":[33],"(including":[34],"those":[35],"in":[36,40],"hibernation),":[37],"plants":[39],"temperatures":[41],"ranging":[42],"from":[43,70],"0":[44],"degrees":[45,48],"to":[46],"40":[47],"C.":[49],"Mass-":[50],"temperature-compensated":[52],"resting":[53],"all":[57],"organisms":[58,65],"are":[59,86],"similar:":[60],"lowest":[62],"(for":[63,73],"unicellular":[64],"plants)":[67],"is":[68],"separated":[69],"highest":[72],"endothermic":[74],"vertebrates)":[75],"by":[76],"factor":[78],"about":[80],"20.":[81],"Temperature":[82],"size":[85],"primary":[87],"determinants":[88],"biological":[90],"time":[91],"ecological":[93],"roles.":[94]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":208},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":219},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":239},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":226},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":238},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":232},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":259},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":239},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":216},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":210},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":204},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":184},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":170},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":148},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":156}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}