{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2147476655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698240903403915","title":"Of Rain and Raids: Violent Livestock Raiding in Northern Kenya","display_name":"Of Rain and Raids: Violent Livestock Raiding in Northern Kenya","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2147476655","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698240903403915","mag":"2147476655"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/13698240903403915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698240903403915","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698240903403915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186818105","display_name":"Civil Wars","issn_l":"1369-8249","issn":["1369-8249","1743-968X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Civil Wars","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012200960","display_name":"Karen Witsenburg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","display_name":"Max Planck Society","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhn8329","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121704","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mavc002","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210121704"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen M. Witsenburg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max-Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Halle/Saale in Germany E-mail: witsenburg@eth.mpg.de","Department I, MPI for Social Anthropology, Max Planck Society"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Halle/Saale in Germany E-mail: witsenburg@eth.mpg.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department I, MPI for Social Anthropology, Max Planck Society","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210121704"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018811444","display_name":"Wario R. Adano","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","display_name":"Max Planck Society","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhn8329","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121704","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology","ror":"https://ror.org/02mavc002","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210121704"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wario R. Adano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max-Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Halle/Saale in Germany E-mail: roba@eth.mpg.de","Department I, MPI for Social Anthropology, Max Planck Society"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max-Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Halle/Saale in Germany E-mail: roba@eth.mpg.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department I, MPI for Social Anthropology, Max Planck Society","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210121704"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":21.1972,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":166,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99172458,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"514","last_page":"538"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12467","display_name":"Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology","score":0.4124000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12467","display_name":"Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology","score":0.4124000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11755","display_name":"Transboundary Water Resource Management","score":0.24629999697208405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.1216999962925911,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-violence","display_name":"ethnic violence","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"climate change","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drought","display_name":"drought","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-variation","display_name":"seasonal variation","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wet-season","display_name":"rainy season","score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-conflicts","display_name":"resource conflicts","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-pressure","display_name":"population pressure","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pastoralism","display_name":"pastoralism","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northern-kenya","display_name":"northern Kenya","score":0.777999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112964050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103459","display_name":"Livestock","level":2,"score":0.8438783884048462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778053677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30121","display_name":"Pasture","level":2,"score":0.6177799701690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.514854371547699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.5124042630195618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4825546145439148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17616946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9056738","display_name":"Pastoralism","level":3,"score":0.4680226743221283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994337132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104879295","display_name":"Population pressure","level":4,"score":0.45129746198654175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.36205899715423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.261104941368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77352025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386191","display_name":"Population growth","level":3,"score":0.243487149477005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.10302019119262695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.10273975133895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08933302760124207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.08654537796974182}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/13698240903403915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698240903403915","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13698240903403915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186818105","display_name":"Civil Wars","issn_l":"1369-8249","issn":["1369-8249","1743-968X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Civil Wars","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:edoc.mpg.de:405879","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://edoc.mpg.de/405879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922265","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Civil Wars, v.11, 514-538 (2009)","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_921977","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0011-9238-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400654","display_name":"MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","host_organization_name":"Max Planck Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Civil Wars","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.9595999717712402},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.5351999998092651},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.40450000762939453}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968109478","https://openalex.org/W2035115984","https://openalex.org/W2104466368","https://openalex.org/W7064677093","https://openalex.org/W3216545672","https://openalex.org/W2259756499","https://openalex.org/W6999240242","https://openalex.org/W7164023033","https://openalex.org/W4409519946","https://openalex.org/W7024394385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,4,10,25,32,87],"face":[2],"of":[3,27,43,49,96,106],"current":[5],"focus":[6],"on":[7,17,31],"climate":[8,13],"change,":[9],"question":[11],"whether":[12],"variations":[14],"have":[15],"effects":[16],"ethnic":[18],"violence":[19],"is":[20,73,89],"addressed.":[21],"This":[22],"article":[23],"shows":[24],"results":[26],"an":[28],"empirical":[29],"study":[30],"relationship":[33],"between":[34],"violent":[35,75,97],"livestock":[36,44,71,88],"raiding":[37,45,72],"and":[38,68,81,85],"climatic":[39],"conditions.":[40],"The":[41,93],"practice":[42],"causes":[46],"large":[47],"numbers":[48],"casualties":[50],"in":[51,90],"northern":[52],"Kenya.":[53],"While":[54],"conflicts":[55],"over":[56],"scarce":[57],"resources":[58],"may":[59],"be":[60],"largely":[61],"explained":[62],"by":[63],"drought":[64],"conditions,":[65],"population":[66],"pressure,":[67],"access":[69],"problems,":[70],"more":[74],"during":[76,99],"wet":[77,100],"seasons,":[78],"when":[79,86],"pasture":[80],"water":[82],"are":[83],"abundant":[84],"good":[91],"health.":[92],"higher":[94],"incidence":[95],"deaths":[98],"times":[101],"hints":[102],"at":[103],"opportunistic":[104],"behaviour":[105],"raiders.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":17}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}