{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2147194845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3.14383","title":"Frequency chirp in a 10 ATM RF-excited CO/sub 2/ waveguide laser","display_name":"Frequency chirp in a 10 ATM RF-excited CO/sub 2/ waveguide laser","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2147194845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3.14383","mag":"2147194845"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/3.14383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3.14383","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3.14383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80223966","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","issn_l":"0018-9197","issn":["0018-9197","1558-1713"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322178","host_organization_name":"IEEE Photonics Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322178","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Photonics Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111525512","display_name":"S. L\u00f8vold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3316-9213","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3316-9213"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163244428","display_name":"Norwegian Defence Research Establishment","ror":"https://ror.org/0098gnz32","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163244428"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Lovold","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway","Norwegian Defense Res. Establ., Kjeller, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Kjeller, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163244428"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Defense Res. Establ., Kjeller, Norway","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111525512"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163244428"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8971,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83029924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"12","first_page":"2514","last_page":"2524"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12760","display_name":"Laser Design and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12760","display_name":"Laser Design and Applications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10781","display_name":"Low-Pressure Plasma Processing and Diagnostics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-chirp","display_name":"frequency chirp","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveguide-co2-laser","display_name":"waveguide CO2 laser","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomalous-dispersion","display_name":"anomalous dispersion","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulsed-co2-laser","display_name":"pulsed CO2 laser","score":0.7839999794960022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132794960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27304","display_name":"Chirp","level":3,"score":0.9579892158508301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.7368248701095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.5711700916290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5172163248062134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4995841979980469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.41680383682250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2184755504131317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.08570748567581177}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/3.14383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3.14383","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/3.14383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S80223966","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","issn_l":"0018-9197","issn":["0018-9197","1558-1713"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322178","host_organization_name":"IEEE Photonics Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322178","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Photonics Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595555030","https://openalex.org/W1967705538","https://openalex.org/W1971990647","https://openalex.org/W1976618705","https://openalex.org/W1995758238","https://openalex.org/W1996483008","https://openalex.org/W1999006491","https://openalex.org/W2003456626","https://openalex.org/W2012787315","https://openalex.org/W2014307832","https://openalex.org/W2036555727","https://openalex.org/W2045247688","https://openalex.org/W2050596054","https://openalex.org/W2062126565","https://openalex.org/W2089997550","https://openalex.org/W2094050148","https://openalex.org/W2102876345","https://openalex.org/W2112661015","https://openalex.org/W2127069287","https://openalex.org/W2129484435","https://openalex.org/W2157696740","https://openalex.org/W2199642580","https://openalex.org/W2499802217","https://openalex.org/W3007182724"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2180373339","https://openalex.org/W2089896597","https://openalex.org/W1999006491","https://openalex.org/W2072216190","https://openalex.org/W2046793210","https://openalex.org/W4320929330","https://openalex.org/W2123621607","https://openalex.org/W3191211535","https://openalex.org/W2112394587","https://openalex.org/W2085546063"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Various":[0],"mechanisms":[1],"causing":[2],"frequency":[3,13,37],"chirping":[4],"in":[5,18,39],"multiatmospheric-pressure":[6],"CO/sub":[7,23,116],"2/":[8,24,117],"lasers":[9],"are":[10],"discussed.":[11],"The":[12,51,59,95],"chirp":[14,38,52,60,79,103],"has":[15,28],"been":[16,29],"measured":[17],"a":[19],"pulsed":[20],"10":[21],"atm":[22],"waveguide":[25],"laser.":[26],"It":[27],"found":[30],"that":[31],"the":[32,36,45,48,78,86,91,98,102,107,112,115],"dominating":[33],"cause":[34],"of":[35,44,72,90,97,114],"this":[40],"laser":[41,108],"is":[42,80,104,109],"heating":[43],"gas":[46,92],"by":[47],"RF":[49,56],"discharge.":[50],"increases":[53],"with":[54],"increasing":[55],"input":[57,73],"power.":[58,74],"levels":[61],"off":[62,77],"at":[63,111],"about":[64],"100-150":[65],"MHz/":[66],"mu":[67],"s":[68],"for":[69],"25":[70],"kW":[71],"This":[75],"leveling":[76],"believed":[81],"to":[82,85],"be":[83],"due":[84],"negative":[87],"lensing":[88],"effect":[89,96],"density":[93],"perturbation.":[94],"anomalous":[99],"dispersion":[100],"on":[101],"observed":[105],"when":[106],"operated":[110],"flanks":[113],"gain":[118],"branches.>":[119]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-21T07:43:02.447757","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
