{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2147129281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2528/pierl08111903","title":"A RIDGE WAVEGUIDE FOR THERMO-OPTIC APPLICATION","display_name":"A RIDGE WAVEGUIDE FOR THERMO-OPTIC APPLICATION","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2147129281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2528/pierl08111903","mag":"2147129281"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2528/pierl08111903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2528/pierl08111903","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2528/pierl08111903","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115312524","display_name":"Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters","issn_l":"1937-6480","issn":["1937-6480"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323438287","host_organization_name":"The Electromagnetics Academy","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323438287"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Electromagnetics Academy"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090660188","display_name":"Abdulaziz Mohammed Al-hetar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9169-2238","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9169-2238"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4576418","display_name":"University of Technology Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/026w31v75","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulaziz M. Al-Hetar","raw_affiliation_strings":["UniversitI Teknologi Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UniversitI Teknologi Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002308054","display_name":"Abu Sahmah M. Supa\u2019at","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8963-3880","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8963-3880"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abu Sahmah M. Supa'at","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication Engineering","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068857785","display_name":"Abu Bakar Mohammad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-8985","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1643-8985"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abu Bakar Mohammad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication Engineering","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7583,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72996351,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ridge-waveguide","display_name":"ridge waveguide","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-mode-waveguides","display_name":"single-mode waveguides","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-response-time","display_name":"thermal response time","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"power consumption","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cladding-thickness","display_name":"cladding thickness","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-distribution","display_name":"temperature distribution","score":0.39500001072883606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32277403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740445","display_name":"Ridge","level":2,"score":0.6881704926490784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200687136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11233438","display_name":"Waveguide","level":2,"score":0.5211503505706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4198918342590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4058299660682678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.38940685987472534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.26884862780570984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1624857783317566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.05922973155975342}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2528/pierl08111903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2528/pierl08111903","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2528/pierl08111903","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115312524","display_name":"Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters","issn_l":"1937-6480","issn":["1937-6480"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323438287","host_organization_name":"The Electromagnetics Academy","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323438287"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Electromagnetics Academy"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971040924","https://openalex.org/W1992730263","https://openalex.org/W2028260715","https://openalex.org/W2042047249","https://openalex.org/W2074243907","https://openalex.org/W2160241632","https://openalex.org/W2317782996","https://openalex.org/W3068909067","https://openalex.org/W3135303628"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W199872055","https://openalex.org/W2033378139","https://openalex.org/W2540677653","https://openalex.org/W2997398420","https://openalex.org/W2334254019","https://openalex.org/W2284411018","https://openalex.org/W2969650510","https://openalex.org/W2001446844","https://openalex.org/W1991316214","https://openalex.org/W2055718148"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"thermal":[1,24,49,70],"analysis":[2],"and":[3,22,60,72,100],"structure":[4],"of":[5,86,95,106,108],"a":[6,12,56,61,68,93],"ridge":[7,89],"single":[8],"mode":[9],"waveguide":[10,90],"with":[11],"metal":[13],"heater":[14],"are":[15,64],"presented.":[16],"The":[17,77],"steady-state":[18],"temperature":[19],"increases":[20],"linearly":[21],"the":[23,29,34,38,43,48,83,87,101,109],"response":[25,50,71,102],"becomes":[26,51],"slower":[27],"at":[28],"same":[30],"power":[31,74,84],"consumption,":[32,75],"when":[33],"under-etched":[35],"depth":[36],"in":[37],"lower":[39,73],"cladding":[40,45,59],"increases.":[41],"When":[42],"upper":[44,58],"thickness":[46],"decreases,":[47],"faster.":[52],"This":[53],"shows":[54,81],"that":[55,82,96,107],"thinner":[57],"deeper":[62],"etching":[63],"preferred":[65],"to":[66],"achieve":[67],"faster":[69],"respectively.":[76],"numerical":[78],"simulation":[79],"also":[80],"consumption":[85],"present":[88],"is":[91,104],"almost":[92],"third":[94],"for":[97],"conventional":[98,110],"one":[99],"time":[103],"half":[105],"one.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}