{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2147115679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-199908000-00018","title":"Relationship between primary care practices in medical school admission and the matriculation of underrepresented-minority and female applicants","display_name":"Relationship between primary care practices in medical school admission and the matriculation of underrepresented-minority and female applicants","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2147115679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-199908000-00018","mag":"2147115679","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10495734"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00001888-199908000-00018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-199908000-00018","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-199908000-00018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19793444","display_name":"Academic Medicine","issn_l":"1040-2446","issn":["1040-2446","1938-808X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academic Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057349838","display_name":"William T. Basco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8626-7405","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8626-7405"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W T Basco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. bascob@musc.edu","Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland , USA ;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. bascob@musc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland , USA ;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022338003","display_name":"Sharon B. Buchbinder","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4322298","display_name":"Towson University","ror":"https://ror.org/044w7a341","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S B Buchbinder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. bascob@musc.edu","Towson University;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. bascob@musc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Towson University;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4322298"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079046568","display_name":"ANNE KASZUBA DUGGAN","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3465-3662","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3465-3662"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A K Duggan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. bascob@musc.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. bascob@musc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109546668","display_name":"Modena E. H. Wilson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M H Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. bascob@musc.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. bascob@musc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22244314,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"74","issue":"8","first_page":"920","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12602","display_name":"Medical Education and Admissions","score":0.6137999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12602","display_name":"Medical Education and Admissions","score":0.6137999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.384799987077713,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10267","display_name":"Higher Education Research Studies","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-school-admissions","display_name":"medical school admissions","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underrepresented-minorities","display_name":"underrepresented minorities","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-medicine","display_name":"women in medicine","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physician-workforce-diversity","display_name":"physician workforce diversity","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/admissions-committee","display_name":"admissions committees","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-students","display_name":"African American students","score":0.7170000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161051502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193162","display_name":"Matriculation","level":2,"score":0.9796464443206787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910734998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25305118","display_name":"Underrepresented Minority","level":2,"score":0.8377423286437988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.6645166873931885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993838110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q494230","display_name":"Medical school","level":2,"score":0.5570592880249023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.5129396319389343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.465117484331131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781158071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55379489","display_name":"Primary care physician","level":3,"score":0.44150322675704956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.4201299846172333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.350224107503891}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008913","descriptor_name":"Minority Groups","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010822","descriptor_name":"Physicians, Women","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011320","descriptor_name":"Primary Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012570","descriptor_name":"School Admission Criteria","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012577","descriptor_name":"Schools, Medical","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00001888-199908000-00018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-199908000-00018","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-199908000-00018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19793444","display_name":"Academic Medicine","issn_l":"1040-2446","issn":["1040-2446","1938-808X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academic Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10495734","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10495734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.8974000215530396,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6240000128746033,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4156000018119812,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2594405891","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"240-93-0053","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","funder_display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332505","display_name":"U.S. Public Health Service","ror":"https://ror.org/05xf94514"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979239296","https://openalex.org/W4285501115","https://openalex.org/W3038200193","https://openalex.org/W1972884514","https://openalex.org/W4210373619","https://openalex.org/W2048746048","https://openalex.org/W4411893024","https://openalex.org/W1964227020","https://openalex.org/W2093602774","https://openalex.org/W2319442176"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"To":[1],"determine":[2],"whether":[3],"primary":[4,170],"care-oriented":[5,171],"(generalist)":[6],"admission":[7,22,55,58,66,70,153,172],"practices":[8,173],"at":[9,106],"U.S.":[10],"medical":[11,123],"schools":[12,124],"address":[13],"physician":[14],"workforce":[15],"diversity":[16],"issues":[17],"by":[18],"resulting":[19],"in":[20,133],"the":[21,42,94,98,102,126,143],"of":[23,26,39,44,63,97,104,122,129,139,159,179],"more":[24,30],"members":[25],"underrepresented-minority":[27,180],"populations":[28],"or":[29,165,182],"women.":[31,166,183],"METHOD:":[32],"The":[33,49,83,90],"authors":[34],"performed":[35],"cross-sectional,":[36],"secondary":[37],"analyses":[38],"databases":[40],"from":[41],"Association":[43],"American":[45],"Medical":[46],"Colleges":[47],"(AAMC).":[48],"independent":[50],"variables":[51,92],"were":[52,93,110],"four":[53],"generalist":[54,57],"practices:":[56],"committee":[59],"chair,":[60],"greater":[61,177],"representation":[62],"generalists":[64],"on":[65],"committee,":[67],"offering":[68],"preferential":[69],"to":[71,142,189],"likely":[72,81],"generalists,":[73],"and":[74,101,117,136,191,194],"having":[75],"a":[76],"premedical":[77],"recruitment":[78],"activity":[79],"targeting":[80],"generalists.":[82],"control":[84],"variable":[85],"was":[86,155],"public/private":[87],"school":[88,108],"ownership.":[89],"dependent":[91],"mean":[95],"ages":[96],"matriculating":[99],"classes":[100],"proportions":[103],"students":[105,181],"each":[107],"who":[109],"African":[111,160],"American,":[112],"(total)":[113],"underrepresented":[114,163],"minorities,":[115,164],"women,":[116],"married.":[118],"RESULTS:":[119],"Ninety-five":[120],"percent":[121],"completed":[125],"AAMC's":[127,144],"Survey":[128],"Generalist":[130],"Physician":[131],"Initiatives":[132],"either":[134],"1993":[135],"1994;":[137],"94%":[138],"matriculants":[140],"replied":[141],"1994":[145],"Matriculating":[146],"Student":[147],"Questionnaire.":[148],"In":[149],"multivariable":[150],"analyses,":[151],"no":[152],"practice":[154],"associated":[156],"with":[157,169],"percentages":[158,178],"Americans,":[161],"total":[162],"CONCLUSIONS:":[167],"Schools":[168],"did":[174],"not":[175],"admit":[176,192],"Additional":[184],"efforts":[185],"may":[186],"be":[187],"required":[188],"attract":[190],"minority":[193],"female":[195],"applicants.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}