{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2146753286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","title":"An Interlanguage Pragmatic Study on Chinese EFL Learners\u2019 Refusal: Perception and Performance","display_name":"An Interlanguage Pragmatic Study on Chinese EFL Learners\u2019 Refusal: Perception and Performance","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2146753286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","mag":"2146753286"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64717833","display_name":"Journal of Language Teaching and Research","issn_l":"1798-4769","issn":["1798-4769","2053-0684"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323972591","host_organization_name":"Academy Publication","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323972591"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy Publication"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Language Teaching and Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009069894","display_name":"Ming\u2010Fang Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-1856","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-1856"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135551196","display_name":"National Kaohsiung Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsc8g87","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135551196"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Fang Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Kaohsiung Normal University, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Kaohsiung Normal University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135551196"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009069894"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135551196"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.5051,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98048195,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.9071999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.9071999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.06520000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.01979999989271164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refusal","display_name":"refusal","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-acts","display_name":"speech acts","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interlanguage-pragmatics","display_name":"interlanguage pragmatics","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-learners-of-english","display_name":"Chinese learners of English","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-threatening-acts","display_name":"face-threatening acts","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-cultural-pragmatics","display_name":"cross-cultural pragmatics","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-language-pragmatics","display_name":"second language pragmatics","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandarin-chinese","display_name":"Mandarin Chinese","score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-english","display_name":"American English","score":0.9610000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207489910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201217","display_name":"Interlanguage","level":2,"score":0.8598045110702515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6557587385177612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.522653341293335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.508026123046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.03493320941925049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64717833","display_name":"Journal of Language Teaching and Research","issn_l":"1798-4769","issn":["1798-4769","2053-0684"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323972591","host_organization_name":"Academy Publication","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323972591"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy Publication"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Language Teaching and Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.4304/jltr.5.3.642-653","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64717833","display_name":"Journal of Language Teaching and Research","issn_l":"1798-4769","issn":["1798-4769","2053-0684"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4323972591","host_organization_name":"Academy Publication","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4323972591"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy Publication"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Language Teaching and Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5385000109672546}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2146753286.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2146753286.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20144572","https://openalex.org/W286587618","https://openalex.org/W433651204","https://openalex.org/W1513874694","https://openalex.org/W1544000109","https://openalex.org/W1576632330","https://openalex.org/W1628925210","https://openalex.org/W1659701168","https://openalex.org/W1894162059","https://openalex.org/W1929708966","https://openalex.org/W1964164866","https://openalex.org/W1966117478","https://openalex.org/W1966400174","https://openalex.org/W1975161945","https://openalex.org/W1978195723","https://openalex.org/W1991157807","https://openalex.org/W1991262517","https://openalex.org/W1998092362","https://openalex.org/W2001295695","https://openalex.org/W2004406775","https://openalex.org/W2013328180","https://openalex.org/W2013651861","https://openalex.org/W2019330578","https://openalex.org/W2022218363","https://openalex.org/W2023282501","https://openalex.org/W2024533324","https://openalex.org/W2038857086","https://openalex.org/W2046433385","https://openalex.org/W2048067369","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2056136525","https://openalex.org/W2058986741","https://openalex.org/W2060644619","https://openalex.org/W2061408835","https://openalex.org/W2065354763","https://openalex.org/W2072404599","https://openalex.org/W2078498831","https://openalex.org/W2086482053","https://openalex.org/W2095921819","https://openalex.org/W2099340005","https://openalex.org/W2127385629","https://openalex.org/W2145902246","https://openalex.org/W2158863203","https://openalex.org/W2159035740","https://openalex.org/W2162840157","https://openalex.org/W2165969955","https://openalex.org/W2203997957","https://openalex.org/W2274566579","https://openalex.org/W2280759555","https://openalex.org/W2317497174","https://openalex.org/W2748006641","https://openalex.org/W2798304687","https://openalex.org/W2901430639","https://openalex.org/W2995748625","https://openalex.org/W3044065874","https://openalex.org/W4231469020","https://openalex.org/W4231533450","https://openalex.org/W4235073904","https://openalex.org/W4388176013","https://openalex.org/W4388176048","https://openalex.org/W4388176181","https://openalex.org/W4388372918","https://openalex.org/W6772468152","https://openalex.org/W6841410898"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2530193375","https://openalex.org/W1966117478","https://openalex.org/W1598665828","https://openalex.org/W7096897129","https://openalex.org/W6889824540","https://openalex.org/W4400310683","https://openalex.org/W2392264363","https://openalex.org/W2348806701","https://openalex.org/W1515811271","https://openalex.org/W3153123644"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Refusals":[0],"have":[1,12],"been":[2,13],"widely":[3],"examined":[4],"across":[5],"languages":[6],"in":[7,85,92,102,126],"the":[8,48,67,142,158],"literature.However,":[9],"few":[10],"attempts":[11],"made":[14],"to":[15,36,46,58,156,185],"elicit":[16],"both":[17],"perception":[18,131],"and":[19,40,53,65,95,118,137,144,148,161,165,170],"performance":[20],"data":[21,72,123],"for":[22,151],"method-triangulation.In":[23],"addition,":[24,172],"Chinese":[25,52,61,84,89,147,169],"EFL":[26,62,90,152],"learners'":[27],"refusals":[28],"are":[29,183],"relatively":[30],"less":[31],"investigated.The":[32],"present":[33],"study":[34,59],"aims":[35],"bridge":[37],"this":[38],"gap":[39],"has":[41],"two":[42,111],"major":[43,112],"purposes.One":[44],"is":[45,57],"examine":[47],"cross-cultural":[49],"differences":[50,145],"between":[51,146],"English":[54,101,149],"refusals.The":[55],"other":[56],"how":[60],"learners":[63,91,187],"perceive":[64,157],"perform":[66],"speech":[68],"act":[69],"of":[70,82,99,128,132],"refusal.The":[71],"were":[73,124,177],"recruited":[74],"from":[75],"three":[76,129],"participant":[77],"groups:":[78],"30":[79,88,96],"native":[80,97,175],"speakers":[81,98],"Mandarin":[83],"Taiwan":[86,93],"(NSC),":[87],"(EFL),":[94],"American":[100],"America":[103],"(NSE).The":[104],"research":[105],"instrument":[106],"was":[107],"a":[108],"questionnaire":[109],"with":[110],"parts:":[113],"Scaled":[114],"Response":[115],"Questionnaire":[116],"(SRQ)":[117],"Discourse":[119],"Completion":[120],"Task":[121],"(DCT).Elicited":[122],"analyzed":[125],"terms":[127],"perspectives:":[130],"face-threat,":[133],"overall":[134],"strategy":[135,138],"use,":[136],"patterns.The":[139],"results":[140],"showed":[141],"similarities":[143],"refusals.As":[150],"learners,":[153],"they":[154],"tended":[155],"face-threat":[159],"greater,":[160],"used":[162,179],"more":[163],"strategies":[164],"softening":[166],"devices":[167],"than":[168],"Americans.In":[171],"some":[173],"L2":[174],"expressions":[176],"never":[178],"by":[180],"learners.Further":[181],"instructions":[182],"needed":[184],"help":[186],"refuse":[188],"others":[189],"appropriately.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}