{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2146604144","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700032149","title":"The Decline of the British Economy: An Institutional Perspective","display_name":"The Decline of the British Economy: An Institutional Perspective","publication_year":1984,"publication_date":"1984-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2146604144","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700032149","mag":"2146604144"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0022050700032149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700032149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700032149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122073985","display_name":"The Journal of Economic History","issn_l":"0022-0507","issn":["0022-0507","1471-6372"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Economic History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061002619","display_name":"Bernard Elbaum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernard Elbaum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor of Economics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor of Economics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011140625","display_name":"William H. Lazonick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1289-258X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1289-258X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111088046","display_name":"Boston University","ror":"https://ror.org/05qwgg493","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Lazonick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor of Economics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor of Economics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111088046"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1126,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":69,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91978239,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"2","first_page":"567","last_page":"583"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10605","display_name":"Historical Economic and Social Studies","score":0.9491999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10605","display_name":"Historical Economic and Social Studies","score":0.9491999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13158","display_name":"Political and Economic history of UK and US","score":0.02070000022649765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10785","display_name":"Economic Theory and Institutions","score":0.0142000000923872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/british-economic-decline","display_name":"British economic decline","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-rigidity","display_name":"institutional rigidity","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/late-industrialization","display_name":"late industrialization","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-control","display_name":"market control","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-relations","display_name":"labor relations","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-hierarchy","display_name":"organizational hierarchy","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-production","display_name":"mass production","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-institutions","display_name":"educational institutions","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-institutions","display_name":"financial institutions","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-economic-policy","display_name":"state economic policy","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-development","display_name":"economic development","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparative-economic-growth","display_name":"comparative economic growth","score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nineteenth-century-britain","display_name":"nineteenth-century Britain","score":0.5649999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.6941927671432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.628069281578064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6213650107383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5983594059944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5913388729095459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5234624743461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4601280391216278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.403812974691391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.39802685379981995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.3510277271270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.11639714241027832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.08492010831832886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0022050700032149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700032149","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700032149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S122073985","display_name":"The Journal of Economic History","issn_l":"0022-0507","issn":["0022-0507","1471-6372"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Economic History","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:cup:jechis:v:44:y:1984:i:02:p:567-583_03","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0022050700032149/type/journal_article","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6640999913215637}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7300000190734863}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W562601706","https://openalex.org/W1520109413","https://openalex.org/W1564741131","https://openalex.org/W1566798927","https://openalex.org/W1593348544","https://openalex.org/W1981935076","https://openalex.org/W1985156314","https://openalex.org/W1990891677","https://openalex.org/W2019106782","https://openalex.org/W2028522401","https://openalex.org/W2067144303","https://openalex.org/W2323658134","https://openalex.org/W2327493919","https://openalex.org/W2419131687","https://openalex.org/W2480650095","https://openalex.org/W2569363522","https://openalex.org/W2570664692","https://openalex.org/W2799067406","https://openalex.org/W2800335622","https://openalex.org/W3143110694","https://openalex.org/W4233066821","https://openalex.org/W4244408954","https://openalex.org/W4249777103","https://openalex.org/W4254401016","https://openalex.org/W4255544138","https://openalex.org/W4300169690"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238142548","https://openalex.org/W7033492762","https://openalex.org/W4403040098","https://openalex.org/W7099678358","https://openalex.org/W355721713","https://openalex.org/W2886710969","https://openalex.org/W2001895017","https://openalex.org/W636035136","https://openalex.org/W4417494809","https://openalex.org/W2910106132"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"attributes":[2],"the":[3,7,11,26,42,63,73],"relative":[4],"decline":[5],"of":[6,29,57,75],"British":[8,38,76],"economy":[9],"in":[10,16,46,86,95,105],"twentieth":[12],"century":[13],"to":[14,53,71,88,102],"rigidities":[15],"its":[17],"economic":[18,90,106],"and":[19,34,78,83],"social":[20],"institutions":[21],"that":[22],"had":[23],"developed":[24],"during":[25],"nineteenth-century":[27],"era":[28],"relatively":[30],"atomistic":[31],"competition.":[32],"Inherited":[33],"persistent":[35],"constraints":[36],"impeded":[37],"firms":[39],"from":[40],"acquiring":[41],"market":[43],"control,":[44],"authority":[45],"labor":[47],"relations,":[48,82],"or":[49],"managerial":[50],"hierarchy":[51],"necessary":[52],"avail":[54],"themselves":[55],"fully":[56],"modern":[58],"mass":[59],"production":[60],"methods.":[61],"At":[62],"societal":[64],"level":[65],"there":[66],"was":[67],"an":[68],"interrelated":[69],"failure":[70],"transform":[72],"character":[74],"educational":[77],"financial":[79],"institutions,":[80],"labor-management":[81],"state":[84],"policy":[85],"order":[87],"promote":[89],"development.":[91],"By":[92],"performing":[93],"better":[94],"these":[96],"respects":[97],"lateindustrializing":[98],"countries":[99],"were":[100],"able":[101],"surpass":[103],"Britain":[104],"growth.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}