{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2146554864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465990270011101","title":"The Effect of Anabolic Steroids and Corticosteroids on Healing of Muscle Contusion Injury","display_name":"The Effect of Anabolic Steroids and Corticosteroids on Healing of Muscle Contusion Injury","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2146554864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465990270011101","mag":"2146554864","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9934411"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/03635465990270011101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465990270011101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465990270011101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154904565","display_name":"The American Journal of Sports Medicine","issn_l":"0363-5465","issn":["0363-5465","1552-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Journal of Sports Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012837530","display_name":"John M. Beiner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John M. Beiner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics\rand Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut","Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8071, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics\rand Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8071, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003105286","display_name":"Peter Jokl","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Jokl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics\rand Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut","Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics#R#and Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics\rand Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics#R#and Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074603917","display_name":"Jacek Cholewicki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3682-6448","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3682-6448"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacek Cholewicki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics\rand Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut","Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics#R#and Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics\rand Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics#R#and Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109102000","display_name":"Manohar M. Panjabi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manohar M. Panjabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics\rand Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut","Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics#R#and Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics\rand Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics#R#and Rehabilitation, New Haven, Connecticut","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"],"apc_list":{"value":4400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4400},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8737,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":147,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94653465,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":"2","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11246","display_name":"Sports injuries and prevention","score":0.37549999356269836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11246","display_name":"Sports injuries and prevention","score":0.37549999356269836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10441","display_name":"Muscle Physiology and Disorders","score":0.21860000491142273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11068","display_name":"Tendon Structure and Treatment","score":0.05990000069141388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anabolic-androgenic-steroids","display_name":"anabolic steroids","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nandrolone-decanoate","display_name":"nandrolone decanoate","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corticosteroids","display_name":"corticosteroids","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methylprednisolone-acetate","display_name":"methylprednisolone acetate","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-healing","display_name":"muscle healing","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-strength-recovery","display_name":"muscle strength recovery","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-fiber-degeneration","display_name":"muscle fiber degeneration","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/force-generating-capacity","display_name":"force-generating capacity","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-fiber-architecture","display_name":"muscle fiber architecture","score":0.453000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779390809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309438","display_name":"Anabolic steroid","level":3,"score":0.8097398281097412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1008401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184681","display_name":"Anabolism","level":2,"score":0.7597617506980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6756739020347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780372218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417222","display_name":"Methylprednisolone","level":2,"score":0.6177232265472412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776804153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210420","display_name":"Corticosteroid","level":2,"score":0.5163034796714783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4984002113342285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.48425742983818054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779480814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421709","display_name":"Nandrolone","level":3,"score":0.45384377241134644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779959927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048687","display_name":"Skeletal muscle","level":2,"score":0.41134387254714966}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077603","descriptor_name":"Nandrolone Decanoate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000893","descriptor_name":"Anti-Inflammatory Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000893","descriptor_name":"Anti-Inflammatory Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001265","descriptor_name":"Athletic Injuries","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004195","descriptor_name":"Disease Models, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004992","descriptor_name":"Ethics, Medical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008775","descriptor_name":"Methylprednisolone","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008775","descriptor_name":"Methylprednisolone","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009277","descriptor_name":"Nandrolone","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009277","descriptor_name":"Nandrolone","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009277","descriptor_name":"Nandrolone","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014945","descriptor_name":"Wound Healing","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017208","descriptor_name":"Rats, Wistar","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000293","qualifier_name":"injuries","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018908","descriptor_name":"Muscle Weakness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D045930","descriptor_name":"Anabolic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D045930","descriptor_name":"Anabolic Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/03635465990270011101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465990270011101","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03635465990270011101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154904565","display_name":"The American Journal of Sports Medicine","issn_l":"0363-5465","issn":["0363-5465","1552-3365"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Journal of Sports Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9934411","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9934411","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American journal of sports medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W84529627","https://openalex.org/W1560706994","https://openalex.org/W1562155085","https://openalex.org/W1790059059","https://openalex.org/W1831614231","https://openalex.org/W1916818283","https://openalex.org/W1951115856","https://openalex.org/W1964907908","https://openalex.org/W1980867256","https://openalex.org/W1987901938","https://openalex.org/W1995729727","https://openalex.org/W2000207280","https://openalex.org/W2007181417","https://openalex.org/W2008827505","https://openalex.org/W2009136566","https://openalex.org/W2014201510","https://openalex.org/W2050511526","https://openalex.org/W2062964067","https://openalex.org/W2069992754","https://openalex.org/W2087315360","https://openalex.org/W2100295351","https://openalex.org/W2110716697","https://openalex.org/W2118523099","https://openalex.org/W2127984908","https://openalex.org/W2133895433","https://openalex.org/W2138238406","https://openalex.org/W2167758953","https://openalex.org/W2219647794","https://openalex.org/W2256342014","https://openalex.org/W2398250405","https://openalex.org/W2399937467","https://openalex.org/W2412642636","https://openalex.org/W2469780875","https://openalex.org/W2997620113","https://openalex.org/W4253731316"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4308466868","https://openalex.org/W2528555772","https://openalex.org/W2119351799","https://openalex.org/W4200240364","https://openalex.org/W1943600015","https://openalex.org/W2153505397","https://openalex.org/W195912763","https://openalex.org/W2020113155","https://openalex.org/W1977344269","https://openalex.org/W4387261194"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,115,136],"effect":[1,74,94],"of":[2,182,190,221],"an":[3,141,203],"anabolic":[4,98,116,194],"steroid":[5,99,117],"(nandrolone":[6],"decanoate,":[7],"20":[8],"mg/kg)":[9,16],"and":[10,48,63,77,124,168,215],"a":[11,22,26,125,169],"corticosteroid":[12,55,79,105],"(methylprednisolone":[13],"acetate,":[14],"25":[15],"on":[17],"healing":[18,158,181,209],"muscle":[19,28,47,112,159,183,212,222],"injured":[20],"with":[21,110],"drop-mass":[23],"technique":[24],"in":[25,32,45,60,96,122,130,140,148,160,172,179,210,218],"reproducible":[27],"contusion":[29,184,213],"injury":[30,185],"model":[31,143],"the":[33,54,68,78,85,97,104,149,161,180,188,219],"rat":[34],"was":[35,38,75,90,128],"studied.":[36],"Healing":[37],"determined":[39],"by":[40],"measuring":[41],"active":[42],"contractile":[43],"tension":[44],"each":[46],"histologic":[49],"analysis.":[50],"At":[51,70,101],"day":[52,71,102],"2,":[53],"group":[56],"showed":[57],"significant":[58,93],"improvement":[59],"both":[61],"twitch":[62],"tetanic":[64],"strength":[65],"relative":[66,132],"to":[67,133,157,186,207],"controls.":[69],"7,":[72],"this":[73],"reversed":[76],"muscles":[80,106,118],"were":[81,107,119],"significantly":[82,120],"weaker":[83],"than":[84],"control":[86,134],"muscles,":[87],"but":[88,152],"there":[89],"still":[91],"no":[92],"seen":[95,129],"group.":[100],"14,":[103],"totally":[108],"degenerated,":[109],"disorganized":[111],"fiber":[113,166],"architecture.":[114],"stronger":[121],"twitch,":[123],"similar":[126],"trend":[127],"tetanus":[131],"muscles.":[135],"results":[137],"indicate":[138],"that":[139],"animal":[142],"corticosteroids":[144],"may":[145,177,201],"be":[146],"beneficial":[147],"short":[150],"term,":[151,163],"they":[153,200],"cause":[154],"irreversible":[155],"damage":[156],"long":[162],"including":[164],"disordered":[165],"structure":[167],"marked":[170],"diminution":[171],"force-generating":[173,191],"capacity.":[174,192],"Anabolic":[175],"steroids":[176,195],"aid":[178,208],"speed":[187],"recovery":[189],"Although":[193],"are":[196],"considered":[197],"renegade":[198],"drugs,":[199],"have":[202],"ethical":[204],"clinical":[205],"application":[206],"severe":[211],"injury,":[214],"their":[216],"use":[217],"treatment":[220],"injuries":[223],"warrants":[224],"further":[225],"research.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}