{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2146222741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/93jd03020","title":"Flux to the atmosphere of CH4 and CO2 from wetland ponds on the Hudson Bay lowlands (HBLs)","display_name":"Flux to the atmosphere of CH4 and CO2 from wetland ponds on the Hudson Bay lowlands (HBLs)","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2146222741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/93jd03020","mag":"2146222741"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1029/93jd03020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/93jd03020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/93jd03020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207178839","display_name":"Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres","issn_l":"0148-0227","issn":["0148-0227","2156-2202","2169-897X","2169-8996"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315809","host_organization_name":"American Geophysical Union","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315809"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Geophysical Union"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"J. David Hamilton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. David Hamilton","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041277775","display_name":"Carol A. Kelly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2473-7560","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2473-7560"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carol A. Kelly","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090473206","display_name":"John W. M. Rudd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4805-4337","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4805-4337"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John W. M. Rudd","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111582885","display_name":"Raymond H. Hesslein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raymond H. Hesslein","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083536933","display_name":"Nigel T. Roulet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9571-1929","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9571-1929"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nigel T. Roulet","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4070,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4070},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.5414,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":178,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9924163,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"99","issue":"D1","first_page":"1495","last_page":"1510"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12091","display_name":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12091","display_name":"Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methane-flux","display_name":"methane flux","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co2-flux","display_name":"CO2 flux","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wetland-ponds","display_name":"wetland ponds","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peatlands","display_name":"peatlands","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hudson-bay-lowlands","display_name":"Hudson Bay Lowlands","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diurnal-variation","display_name":"diurnal variation","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas-emissions","display_name":"greenhouse gas emissions","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peat-decomposition","display_name":"peat decomposition","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyanobacteria","display_name":"cyanobacteria","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-fixation","display_name":"nitrogen fixation","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-impacts","display_name":"climate change impacts","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissolved-gas-concentration","display_name":"dissolved gas concentration","score":0.48399999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53657456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184624","display_name":"Peat","level":2,"score":0.8128059506416321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65440619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","level":2,"score":0.8094083070755005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68709404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134475","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","level":2,"score":0.7175767421722412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115880899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124247","display_name":"Bay","level":2,"score":0.6465038061141968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5913623571395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.5600075721740723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153102810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788240","display_name":"Diel vertical migration","level":2,"score":0.5163482427597046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67715294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170321","display_name":"Wetland","level":2,"score":0.46647319197654724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35187779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5336709","display_name":"Eddy covariance","level":3,"score":0.43570196628570557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.3885749876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.3878415822982788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.32509711384773254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3224443197250366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.2250964343547821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.12923169136047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.08650654554367065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1029/93jd03020","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/93jd03020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/93jd03020","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207178839","display_name":"Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres","issn_l":"0148-0227","issn":["0148-0227","2156-2202","2169-897X","2169-8996"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315809","host_organization_name":"American Geophysical Union","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315809"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Geophysical Union"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985156407","https://openalex.org/W1986625854","https://openalex.org/W2005648470","https://openalex.org/W2014674115","https://openalex.org/W2022291505","https://openalex.org/W2023906603","https://openalex.org/W2026740146","https://openalex.org/W2030348009","https://openalex.org/W2030965685","https://openalex.org/W2035661238","https://openalex.org/W2038335157","https://openalex.org/W2038741713","https://openalex.org/W2042308565","https://openalex.org/W2057080073","https://openalex.org/W2066963070","https://openalex.org/W2067136317","https://openalex.org/W2074554472","https://openalex.org/W2083035062","https://openalex.org/W2085191374","https://openalex.org/W2090923871","https://openalex.org/W2094462158","https://openalex.org/W2108273927","https://openalex.org/W2114297149","https://openalex.org/W2117365014","https://openalex.org/W2145431748","https://openalex.org/W2146340652","https://openalex.org/W2152850208","https://openalex.org/W2154566735","https://openalex.org/W2162157043","https://openalex.org/W2313107789","https://openalex.org/W2313239725","https://openalex.org/W2321082942","https://openalex.org/W2333103197","https://openalex.org/W2360515404","https://openalex.org/W2508232704","https://openalex.org/W2597290506","https://openalex.org/W2802474795"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2523706305","https://openalex.org/W2295789500","https://openalex.org/W4315795999","https://openalex.org/W4392593404","https://openalex.org/W7162029094","https://openalex.org/W2045720283","https://openalex.org/W2157427240","https://openalex.org/W7064378618","https://openalex.org/W2055955499","https://openalex.org/W7160059411"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ponds":[0,62],"on":[1,51,66],"peatlands":[2],"of":[3,19,37,59,73,83,131,144,152,173,187,223],"the":[4,14,17,46,67,78,103,116,125,129,132,145,158,166,174,185,196,202,206,212,221,238],"Hudson":[5],"Bay":[6],"lowlands":[7],"(HBLs)":[8],"are":[9,168],"complex":[10],"ecosystems":[11],"in":[12,33,97,122,193,220,231],"which":[13],"fluxes":[15,44,105,119,127,204],"to":[16,45,55,77,124,157,225,233],"atmosphere":[18,79],"CH4":[20,74,86,102,155],"and":[21,28,42,75,89,99,177],"CC2":[22],"were":[23,69,106,120,208],"controlled":[24],"by":[25,171,184],"interacting":[26],"physical":[27],"biological":[29],"factors.":[30],"This":[31],"resulted":[32],"strong":[34],"diel":[35],"variations":[36],"both":[38],"dissolved":[39],"gas":[40,43,203],"concentrations":[41],"atmosphere,":[47],"necessitating":[48],"frequent":[49],"sampling":[50],"a":[52],"24\u2010hour":[53],"schedule":[54],"enable":[56],"accurate":[57],"estimates":[58],"daily":[60],"fluxes.":[61,241],"at":[63,80,195],"three":[64],"sites":[65],"HBL":[68,146,240],"constant":[70],"net":[71,117],"sources":[72],"CO2":[76,92,115],"mean":[81],"rates":[82],"110\u2013180":[84],"mg":[85,91],"m\u22122":[87,93],"d\u22121":[88],"3700\u201311,000":[90],"d\u22121.":[94],"Rates":[95],"peaked":[96],"August":[98],"September.":[100],"For":[101,114],"pond":[104,118,224],"3\u201330":[107],"times":[108],"higher":[109],"than":[110],"adjacent":[111],"vegetated":[112,126,214,226],"surfaces.":[113],"similar":[121],"magnitude":[123],"but":[128],"direction":[130],"flux":[133,156],"was":[134],"opposite,":[135],"toward":[136],"atmosphere.":[137,159],"Even":[138],"though":[139],"ponds":[140,167,207],"cover":[141],"only":[142],"8\u201312%":[143],"area,":[147,227],"they":[148],"accounted":[149],"for":[150],"30%":[151],"its":[153],"total":[154,239],"There":[160],"is":[161,181],"some":[162],"circumstantial":[163],"evidence":[164],"that":[165,178,191,201,217],"being":[169,182],"formed":[170],"decomposition":[172,180],"underlying":[175],"peat":[176],"this":[179],"stimulated":[183],"activity":[186],"N2":[188],"fixing":[189],"cyanobacteria":[190],"grow":[192],"mats":[194],"peat\u2010water":[197],"interface.":[198],"The":[199],"fact":[200],"from":[205,211],"so":[209],"different":[210],"surrounding":[213],"surfaces":[215],"means":[216],"any":[218],"change":[219],"ratio":[222],"as":[228],"may":[229],"occur":[230],"response":[232],"climate":[234],"change,":[235],"would":[236],"affect":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
