{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2145897646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/jd094id08p11089","title":"Nitrogen oxides produced from lightning","display_name":"Nitrogen oxides produced from lightning","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2145897646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/jd094id08p11089","mag":"2145897646"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1029/jd094id08p11089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/jd094id08p11089","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/jd094id08p11089","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207178839","display_name":"Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres","issn_l":"0148-0227","issn":["0148-0227","2156-2202","2169-897X","2169-8996"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315809","host_organization_name":"American Geophysical Union","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315809"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Geophysical Union"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002017623","display_name":"Edward Franzblau","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward Franzblau","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029317422","display_name":"Carl J. Popp","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carl J. Popp","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4070,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4070},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3242,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":96,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92552534,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"94","issue":"D8","first_page":"11089","last_page":"11104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10787","display_name":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10787","display_name":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10075","display_name":"Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols","score":0.014600000344216824,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lightning","display_name":"lightning","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-oxides","display_name":"nitrogen oxides","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitric-oxide","display_name":"nitric oxide","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-dioxide","display_name":"nitrogen dioxide","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thunderstorms","display_name":"thunderstorms","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-nitrogen-deposition","display_name":"atmospheric nitrogen deposition","score":0.5170000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777526259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221836","display_name":"Flash (photography)","level":2,"score":0.7593411207199097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69398868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129052","display_name":"Lightning (connector)","level":3,"score":0.7558297514915466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80316258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2857578","display_name":"Thunderstorm","level":2,"score":0.7170325517654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158007255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055222","display_name":"Spectrum analyzer","level":2,"score":0.6495645046234131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.5799576044082642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5246955752372742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105306849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81054","display_name":"Storm","level":2,"score":0.45531851053237915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.4308752119541168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775840915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3817528","display_name":"Plume","level":2,"score":0.42550358176231384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.4191203713417053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.38819485902786255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.36326321959495544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3041417598724365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2655870318412781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.25323686003685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2410869598388672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.1012158989906311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1029/jd094id08p11089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1029/jd094id08p11089","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/jd094id08p11089","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207178839","display_name":"Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres","issn_l":"0148-0227","issn":["0148-0227","2156-2202","2169-897X","2169-8996"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-100","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315809","host_organization_name":"American Geophysical Union","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315809"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Geophysical Union"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":99,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W55157688","https://openalex.org/W78947344","https://openalex.org/W85276291","https://openalex.org/W575331631","https://openalex.org/W1503305667","https://openalex.org/W1553718208","https://openalex.org/W1575469475","https://openalex.org/W1964429669","https://openalex.org/W1966191947","https://openalex.org/W1966385564","https://openalex.org/W1967576742","https://openalex.org/W1972775287","https://openalex.org/W1973656126","https://openalex.org/W1979144500","https://openalex.org/W1979704457","https://openalex.org/W1981760239","https://openalex.org/W1984157261","https://openalex.org/W1985626125","https://openalex.org/W1987468354","https://openalex.org/W1988213438","https://openalex.org/W1989795130","https://openalex.org/W1994274844","https://openalex.org/W1996771430","https://openalex.org/W2000475661","https://openalex.org/W2000690863","https://openalex.org/W2001148725","https://openalex.org/W2004350522","https://openalex.org/W2006891210","https://openalex.org/W2008334516","https://openalex.org/W2011527229","https://openalex.org/W2011554863","https://openalex.org/W2017532265","https://openalex.org/W2022834470","https://openalex.org/W2023566179","https://openalex.org/W2023695171","https://openalex.org/W2030376954","https://openalex.org/W2031539003","https://openalex.org/W2033048137","https://openalex.org/W2035485137","https://openalex.org/W2036373318","https://openalex.org/W2036543196","https://openalex.org/W2038328716","https://openalex.org/W2039169660","https://openalex.org/W2039420181","https://openalex.org/W2041258251","https://openalex.org/W2041499204","https://openalex.org/W2041828775","https://openalex.org/W2046008517","https://openalex.org/W2049420759","https://openalex.org/W2049789577","https://openalex.org/W2051256286","https://openalex.org/W2052690455","https://openalex.org/W2056918316","https://openalex.org/W2059006576","https://openalex.org/W2060614746","https://openalex.org/W2063079526","https://openalex.org/W2063143518","https://openalex.org/W2066221865","https://openalex.org/W2067635673","https://openalex.org/W2070165290","https://openalex.org/W2071607238","https://openalex.org/W2077301893","https://openalex.org/W2080350601","https://openalex.org/W2081702014","https://openalex.org/W2082692673","https://openalex.org/W2086135024","https://openalex.org/W2086714016","https://openalex.org/W2088428641","https://openalex.org/W2088563736","https://openalex.org/W2088884418","https://openalex.org/W2088934477","https://openalex.org/W2089724471","https://openalex.org/W2091301610","https://openalex.org/W2093233128","https://openalex.org/W2094339514","https://openalex.org/W2098786673","https://openalex.org/W2104942424","https://openalex.org/W2105490767","https://openalex.org/W2113322211","https://openalex.org/W2120077625","https://openalex.org/W2120898259","https://openalex.org/W2125339840","https://openalex.org/W2144583704","https://openalex.org/W2147362027","https://openalex.org/W2151311180","https://openalex.org/W2151547303","https://openalex.org/W2153160115","https://openalex.org/W2178168198","https://openalex.org/W2178259152","https://openalex.org/W2502925685","https://openalex.org/W3026332720","https://openalex.org/W3121837763","https://openalex.org/W3157715985","https://openalex.org/W3213693774","https://openalex.org/W4248144642","https://openalex.org/W4250703950","https://openalex.org/W4252205911","https://openalex.org/W4254465046","https://openalex.org/W4318470717"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996771430","https://openalex.org/W2178259152","https://openalex.org/W2095427266","https://openalex.org/W2304051821","https://openalex.org/W2041896997","https://openalex.org/W2063732058","https://openalex.org/W2047771788","https://openalex.org/W2008534879","https://openalex.org/W3159965708","https://openalex.org/W2082521696"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Independent":[0],"measurements":[1],"of":[2,59,99,127,156],"nitrogen":[3],"oxides":[4],"(NOx":[5],"=":[6,149],"NO":[7,100],"+":[8],"NO2)":[9],"were":[10],"made":[11],"in":[12],"proximity":[13],"to":[14,28,73,81,101],"lightning":[15,48,139],"using":[16],"both":[17],"a":[18,63,66,111,124],"chemiluminescent":[19],"NOx":[20,89,102,121],"analyzer":[21,90,122],"and":[22,54],"an":[23,136,154],"absorption":[24,31],"spectrometer":[25],"(COSPEC)":[26],"tuned":[27],"the":[29,60,88,97,114,117,120],"NO2":[30],"at":[32,83],"Langmuir":[33],"Laboratory":[34],"(elevation":[35],"3300":[36],"m),":[37],"near":[38],"Socorro,":[39],"New":[40],"Mexico.":[41],"COSPEC":[42,118],"data":[43,115],"obtained":[44],"from":[45,51,56,62,87,116],"three":[46],"separate":[47],"events,":[49],"two":[50,92],"distant":[52],"storms":[53],"one":[55],"direct":[57],"observation":[58],"plume":[61],"single":[64],"flash":[65,140],"few":[67],"hundred":[68],"meters":[69],"away,":[70],"yielded":[71],"4":[72],"10":[74],"\u00d7":[75],"1026":[76],"molecules":[77,130],"NO2/flash":[78],"after":[79,110],"normalizing":[80],"flashes":[82],"sea":[84],"level.":[85],"Measurements":[86],"during":[91],"different":[93],"thunderstorms":[94],"indicated":[95],"that":[96],"ratio":[98],"can":[103],"remain":[104],"high":[105],"(0.7\u20130.8\u00b10.1)":[106],"for":[107],"several":[108],"minutes":[109],"flash.":[112],"Combining":[113],"with":[119],"yields":[123],"production":[125,143],"rate":[126,144],"approximately":[128],"3\u00d71027":[129],"N0x/flash.":[131],"If":[132],"100":[133,146],"flashes/second":[134],"is":[135],"assumed":[137],"global":[138],"frequency,":[141],"this":[142],"becomes":[145],"TgN/yr":[147],"(TgN/yr":[148],"1012":[150],"g":[151],"nitrogen/yr)":[152],"as":[153],"order":[155],"magnitude":[157],"estimate.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
