{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2145846388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ndcs.2008.15","title":"Accelerated Functional Testing of Digital Microfluidic Biochips","display_name":"Accelerated Functional Testing of Digital Microfluidic Biochips","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2145846388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ndcs.2008.15","mag":"2145846388"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ndcs.2008.15","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ndcs.2008.15","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ndcs.2008.15","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407120853","display_name":"IEEE International Workshop on Design and Test of Nano Devices, Circuits and Systems (NDCS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Workshop on Design and Test of Nano Devices, Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064391008","display_name":"Debasis Mitra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4351-1252","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4351-1252"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99601430","display_name":"Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal","ror":"https://ror.org/030tcae29","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99601430"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debasis Mitra","raw_affiliation_strings":["West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata, India","West Bengal Univ. of Technol., Kolkata"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99601430"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Bengal Univ. of Technol., Kolkata","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99601430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110651999","display_name":"Sarmishtha Ghoshal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98365261","display_name":"Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur","ror":"https://ror.org/02ytfzr55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98365261"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarmishtha Ghoshal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bengal Engineering & Science University, Howrah, India","Bengal Engineering and Science University, Howrah"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bengal Engineering & Science University, Howrah, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98365261"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bengal Engineering and Science University, Howrah","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98365261"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082934529","display_name":"Hafizur Rahaman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9012-5437","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9012-5437"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98365261","display_name":"Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur","ror":"https://ror.org/02ytfzr55","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98365261"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hafizur Rahaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bengal Engineering & Science University, Howrah, India","Bengal Engineering and Science University, Howrah"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bengal Engineering & Science University, Howrah, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98365261"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bengal Engineering and Science University, Howrah","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98365261"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067730042","display_name":"Bhargab B. Bhattacharya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5890-2483","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5890-2483"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6498739","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2w1j53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhargab B. Bhattacharya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanotechnology Research Triangle, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India","Nanotechnol. Res. Triangle, Indian Stat. Inst., Kolkata"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanotechnology Research Triangle, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanotechnol. Res. Triangle, Indian Stat. Inst., Kolkata","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086574581","display_name":"D. Dutta Majumder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5874-2870","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5874-2870"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6498739","display_name":"Indian Statistical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q2w1j53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Dutta Majumder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanotechnology Research Triangle, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India","Nanotechnol. Res. Triangle, Indian Stat. Inst., Kolkata"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanotechnology Research Triangle, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanotechnol. Res. Triangle, Indian Stat. Inst., Kolkata","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6498739"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033880864","display_name":"Krishnendu Chakrabarty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-6435","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-6435"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krishnendu Chakrabarty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","[Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Duke Univ., Durham, NC]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Duke Univ., Durham, NC]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4208,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80054816,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"81","last_page":"84"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12452","display_name":"Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12452","display_name":"Electrowetting and Microfluidic Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10412","display_name":"Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-microfluidic-biochips","display_name":"digital microfluidic biochips","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-testing","display_name":"functional testing","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerated-testing","display_name":"accelerated testing","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/droplet-manipulation","display_name":"droplet manipulation","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microfluidic-arrays","display_name":"microfluidic arrays","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/droplet-transportation","display_name":"droplet transportation","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary-errors","display_name":"boundary errors","score":0.5189999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87892846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864256","display_name":"Biochip","level":2,"score":0.9437893629074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8673954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138845","display_name":"Microfluidics","level":2,"score":0.8376155495643616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92444450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276112","display_name":"Digital microfluidics","level":4,"score":0.7552026510238647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138777275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6884054","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7387508153915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185571","display_name":"Fluidics","level":2,"score":0.7112776041030884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.6421818137168884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80823478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4493432","display_name":"Functional testing","level":3,"score":0.6013020873069763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5872148871421814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138942068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633261","display_name":"Lab-on-a-chip","level":3,"score":0.4647608995437622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188598960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705805","display_name":"Test strategy","level":3,"score":0.4427242577075958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.38923951983451843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3822038173675537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.29986509680747986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.2818244695663452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.23344102501869202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2267884910106659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12561583518981934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.12310636043548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.11123108863830566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0840086042881012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51234621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2149495","display_name":"Testability","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133386390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184996","display_name":"Dielectric","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779673822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907239","display_name":"Electrowetting","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ndcs.2008.15","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ndcs.2008.15","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ndcs.2008.15","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407120853","display_name":"IEEE International Workshop on Design and Test of Nano Devices, Circuits and Systems (NDCS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Workshop on Design and Test of Nano Devices, Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1551044843","https://openalex.org/W1902734869","https://openalex.org/W1909235131","https://openalex.org/W1964309103","https://openalex.org/W1964531440","https://openalex.org/W1996927702","https://openalex.org/W2006140247","https://openalex.org/W2013470780","https://openalex.org/W2037664249","https://openalex.org/W2050181277","https://openalex.org/W2054362192","https://openalex.org/W2067778279","https://openalex.org/W2068561631","https://openalex.org/W2093880558","https://openalex.org/W2103390486","https://openalex.org/W2105067004","https://openalex.org/W2105626579","https://openalex.org/W2109508253","https://openalex.org/W2110310907","https://openalex.org/W2122953869","https://openalex.org/W2128427912","https://openalex.org/W2136322675","https://openalex.org/W2140911286","https://openalex.org/W2166910382","https://openalex.org/W2405046509","https://openalex.org/W3011891279"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2103390486","https://openalex.org/W2182486668","https://openalex.org/W2150163220","https://openalex.org/W1550244116","https://openalex.org/W2064848314","https://openalex.org/W1982921993","https://openalex.org/W1993643563","https://openalex.org/W2010293275","https://openalex.org/W7100397869","https://openalex.org/W2795068121"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Structural":[0],"testing":[1,29,107],"of":[2,9,19,25,105,120],"digital":[3],"microfluidic":[4,59,113],"biochips":[5],"targets":[6],"the":[7,23,42,58,124],"detection":[8],"physical":[10],"defects,":[11],"but":[12],"it":[13],"does":[14],"not":[15],"guarantee":[16],"robust":[17],"execution":[18,100],"target":[20],"bioassays":[21],"or":[22,40],"integrity":[24],"assay":[26],"outcomes.":[27],"Functional":[28],"is":[30,127],"needed":[31],"to":[32,87,133],"detect":[33],"fluidic":[34,44],"malfunctions.":[35],"Such":[36],"tests":[37],"ensure,":[38],"whether":[39],"not,":[41],"elementary":[43],"operations,":[45],"such":[46],"as":[47],"droplet":[48,95,134],"transportation,":[49],"mixing,":[50],"incubation,":[51],"and":[52,63,82,98],"splitting":[53],"are":[54,66],"reliably":[55],"executed":[56],"on":[57],"array.":[60],"Routing":[61],"test":[62,65,71,81,125],"mixing/splitting":[64,84,121,140],"two":[67,75],"most":[68],"important":[69],"functional":[70,106],"procedures.":[72],"We":[73],"present":[74],"procedures":[76,91],"for":[77],"optimal":[78],"bidirectional":[79],"routing":[80],"accelerated":[83],"test.":[85,141],"Compared":[86],"previous":[88],"methods,":[89],"these":[90],"need":[92],"significantly":[93],"fewer":[94],"manipulation":[96],"steps":[97],"reduced":[99],"time.":[101],"The":[102],"proposed":[103],"method":[104],"in":[108],"an":[109],"N":[110,112],"x":[111],"array":[114],"requires":[115],"only":[116],"a":[117],"constant":[118],"number":[119],"steps.":[122],"Further,":[123],"outcome":[126],"free":[128],"from":[129],"boundary":[130],"errors":[131],"related":[132],"size":[135],"that":[136],"may":[137],"arise":[138],"during":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
