{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2145817524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/47.3.377","title":"Myocardial Infarction Redefined: Role of Cardiac Troponin Testing","display_name":"Myocardial Infarction Redefined: Role of Cardiac Troponin Testing","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2145817524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/47.3.377","mag":"2145817524","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11238285"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/clinchem/47.3.377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/47.3.377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/47.3.377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139212996","display_name":"Clinical Chemistry","issn_l":"0009-9147","issn":["0009-9147","1530-8561"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320272","host_organization_name":"American Association for Clinical Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for Clinical Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"editorial","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068500647","display_name":"Fred S. Apple","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5920-6498","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5920-6498"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fred S Apple","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Laboratory Medicine, and Pathology, University of Minnesota, School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN 55415"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, and Pathology, University of Minnesota, School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN 55415","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079517489","display_name":"Alan H.B. Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5610-2036","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5610-2036"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302163369","display_name":"Hartford Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00gt5xe03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302163369"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan H B Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT 06102"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT 06102","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302163369"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068500647"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"],"apc_list":{"value":4636,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4636},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":158,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"3","first_page":"377","last_page":"379"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10292","display_name":"Acute Myocardial Infarction Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10292","display_name":"Acute Myocardial Infarction Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10372","display_name":"Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11314","display_name":"Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-myocardial-infarction","display_name":"acute myocardial infarction","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-troponin","display_name":"cardiac troponin","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/troponin-i","display_name":"troponin I","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/troponin-t","display_name":"troponin T","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unstable-angina","display_name":"unstable angina","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-st-elevation-myocardial-infarction","display_name":"non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-coronary-syndrome","display_name":"acute coronary syndrome","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-biomarkers","display_name":"cardiac biomarkers","score":0.890999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777785093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2032041","display_name":"Unstable angina","level":3,"score":0.850771427154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8445754647254944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500558357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12152","display_name":"Myocardial infarction","level":2,"score":0.842226505279541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.7407635450363159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777698277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q266018","display_name":"Acute coronary syndrome","level":3,"score":0.7392504215240479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.7323499917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36036425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7846262","display_name":"Troponin","level":3,"score":0.7159740924835205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778425758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180762","display_name":"Angina","level":3,"score":0.44367551803588867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3723173141479492}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000789","descriptor_name":"Angina, Unstable","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009203","descriptor_name":"Myocardial Infarction","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017410","descriptor_name":"Practice Guidelines as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019210","descriptor_name":"Troponin I","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020107","descriptor_name":"Troponin T","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/clinchem/47.3.377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/47.3.377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/47.3.377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139212996","display_name":"Clinical Chemistry","issn_l":"0009-9147","issn":["0009-9147","1530-8561"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320272","host_organization_name":"American Association for Clinical Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320272"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for Clinical Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Chemistry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11238285","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11238285","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical chemistry","raw_type":"Editorial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.965.1704","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.965.1704","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://clinchem.aaccjnls.org/content/clinchem/47/3/377.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1739627328","https://openalex.org/W1918982458","https://openalex.org/W1946194227","https://openalex.org/W1974718993","https://openalex.org/W1985190773","https://openalex.org/W2031498851","https://openalex.org/W2053773813","https://openalex.org/W2063503435","https://openalex.org/W2127489984","https://openalex.org/W2144744611","https://openalex.org/W2161579754","https://openalex.org/W2165836431","https://openalex.org/W2167313423","https://openalex.org/W2773368550"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997050535","https://openalex.org/W2072571735","https://openalex.org/W2399621282","https://openalex.org/W6920432612","https://openalex.org/W2014584328","https://openalex.org/W2552868369","https://openalex.org/W2080316582","https://openalex.org/W2005288782","https://openalex.org/W2620795017","https://openalex.org/W7096522825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0,1547],"we":[1,86,989,1185,1542,1703,1958,1990],"move":[2],"into":[3,1893],"the":[4,14,38,43,64,88,96,106,112,119,128,133,177,199,210,226,289,292,304,334,353,385,391,394,435,442,469,487,496,519,522,527,551,568,649,682,689,695,703,712,752,769,804,826,843,846,861,871,877,883,893,904,922,932,938,961,965,973,980,998,1007,1013,1027,1032,1038,1069,1087,1100,1158,1195,1222,1231,1247,1252,1267,1278,1289,1299,1307,1317,1329,1336,1342,1347,1358,1363,1377,1393,1411,1417,1435,1437,1445,1451,1467,1476,1517,1520,1523,1533,1537,1548,1564,1567,1577,1580,1583,1590,1594,1633,1640,1648,1652,1655,1661,1681,1707,1729,1746,1763,1771,1780,1790,1796,1816,1838,1853,1884,1894,1918,1932,1938,1944,1961,1978,1992,2029,2033,2040,2051,2057],"new":[5,39,65,178,223,690,981,1691,1781,2034],"Millennium,":[6],"\u201cthe":[7],"times":[8],"they":[9,678],"are":[10,161,235,241,323,646,667,851,1457,1723],"a":[11,204,331,350,379,483,564,574,631,724,765,898,915,925,943,1047,1120,1155,1175,1203,1284,1372,1386,1480,1501,1510,1622,1626],"changin\u201d":[12],"regarding":[13,1352],"diagnostic":[15,538,917,1291],"criteria":[16,142,1233,1249,1292,1330,1452,1886],"used":[17,143,910],"to":[18,35,53,73,144,303,325,407,449,494,525,532,602,706,717,969,996,1012,1119,1153,1286,1295,1325,1392,1500,1505,1509,1654,1659,1688,1728,1740,1761,1814,1852],"rule":[19,22],"in":[20,75,176,215,270,297,420,441,635,671,720,892,979,1019,1117,1493,1513,1536,1575,1807,1955],"and":[21,47,90,118,188,374,413,459,539,588,608,693,716,822,832,994,1006,1021,1023,1034,1046,1061,1078,1086,1147,1160,1184,1219,1258,1275,1280,1311,1322,1360,1385,1420,1432,1557,1585,1617,1635,1642,1684,1748,1773,1798,1870,1910,1951,1994,2014,2020],"out":[23,638],"acute":[24,146],"myocardial":[25,136,238,263,1381,1428,1667,1787,1820],"infarction":[26,137],"(AMI)":[27],"(1).":[28],"The":[29,140,222,381,935,1050,1084,1486,1526,1615,1644,1830,1862,1905],"purpose":[30],"of":[31,45,63,92,98,109,115,130,135,183,201,212,232,237,250,256,262,291,294,333,345,359,370,393,423,427,476,489,499,521,553,557,566,628,673,684,711,734,743,764,774,803,808,815,864,873,895,906,924,937,946,964,972,1001,1015,1040,1099,1102,1107,1133,1140,1198,1221,1240,1246,1269,1304,1309,1319,1328,1333,1338,1365,1380,1423,1439,1455,1474,1522,1528,1552,1579,1589,1593,1613,1663,1666,1670,1696,1709,1719,1750,1786,1792,1847,1858,1883,1889,1900,1908,1920,1926,1953,1980,1986,2032,2059],"this":[32,286,515,534,951,1545,1606,1694,1828],"editorial":[33],"is":[34,258,282,301,342,368,504,633,652,728,739,887,948,992,1129,1172,1180,1346,1531,1554,1631,1943,1967,2050],"comment":[36],"on":[37,95,127,164,285,434,486,545,617,1288],"cardiology":[40,523,691,1161,1320,2035],"guidelines":[41,94,180,224,382,692,982,1010,1036,1089,1619,1872,1996,2036,2044],"for":[42,132,181,400,572,592,605,639,669,709,781,787,799,911,919,1092,1234,1250,1293,1331,1355,1369,1453,1483,1566,1570,1646,1732,1766,1784,1841,1866,1887,1897,1922,1947,2003,2056],"redefinition":[44,1337,1551],"AMI":[46,777,1456],"unstable":[48,186,213,1793,1859,1890],"angina,":[49,1794],"as":[50,52,155,314,330,378,468,563,662,702,868,914,977,1244,1262,1273,1398,1403,1430,1466,1625,1717,1745,1837,1881,1917,1982,2017],"well":[51],"compare":[54,1022],"them":[55,1025],"with":[56,77,152,185,218,244,472,741,762,825,1026,1187,1426,1544,1599,1804,1819,1827,1931],"previously":[57,80,1405],"published":[58,79,104,987,1018,2042],"laboratory":[59,82,387,1159,1602,1933,2043,2054],"medicine":[60,83],"recommendations.":[61,1162],"Some":[62],"recommendations":[66,126,881,1301],"made":[67,1283],"by":[68,81,105,349,1194,1341,1406,1433,1459,1639],"clinical":[69,228,439,725,745,896,962,1259,1463,1601,1756,1768,1823,1928],"groups":[70,1165,1464,1824,1929],"may":[71,585],"appear":[72],"be":[74,266,376,432,543,603,615,707,909,929,954,970,1115,1154,1563,1741,1759,1779,1811,2024],"conflict":[76],"those":[78],"groups;":[84],"thus,":[85],"document":[87],"chronology":[89],"evolution":[91],"all":[93,490,1327,2004],"use":[97,129,552,763,802,1014,1039,1132,1364,1588,1979],"cardiac":[99,168,195,206,233,271,295,328,360,396,401,491,547,582,611,643,700,736,748,865,1016,1108,1169,1276,1356,1370,1484,1529,1671,1751,1777,1808,1835,1848,1902,1915,1941,1965,2047],"markers.":[100],"Consensus":[101],"documents":[102],"recently":[103],"European":[107],"Society":[108,1907],"Cardiology":[110,116],"(ESC),":[111],"American":[113,120,1196,1468,1472],"College":[114,1197,1473],"(ACC),":[117],"Heart":[121,1469],"Association":[122,1470],"(AHA)":[123],"make":[124],"specific":[125,1767],"biomarkers":[131],"detection":[134,710,1785],"(MI)":[138],"(2)(3)(4)(5).":[139,983],"redefined":[141,1458],"classify":[145],"coronary":[147,317,363],"syndrome":[148],"(ACS)":[149],"patients":[150,184,217,300,308,670,947,1425,1803,1892],"presenting":[151],"ischemic":[153,219,248,254,371],"symptoms":[154],"acute,":[156],"evolving,":[157],"or":[158,171,246,320,365,636,664,776,1111,1211,1224,1461,1471,1721,1879],"recent":[159,576],"MI":[160,191,245,351,1094,1294,1310,1339,1399,1440,1514,1553],"heavily":[162],"predicated":[163],"an":[165,193,247,253,450,473,674,1062,1104,1134,1141,1609,1874],"increased":[166,194,327,1875],"serum/plasma":[167],"troponin":[169,196,207,272,296,329,361,397,402,429,492,528,548,583,612,644,701,737,749,866,1170,1530,1672,1752,1778,1809,1836,1849,1877,1916,1942,1966,2048],"(I":[170],"T)":[172],"concentration":[173,767,901],"(2)(3)(4).":[174,1127],"Furthermore,":[175,1163],"ACC/AHA":[179,1088,1831,1995],"management":[182],"angina":[187,214,1860,1891],"non-ST-segment":[189],"elevation":[190],"(NSTEMI),":[192],"value":[197,208],"establishes":[198,209,1376,1390],"diagnosis":[200,211,683,1095,1332,1454,2058],"NSTEMI,":[202],"whereas":[203,1068],"normal":[205,1595],"ACS":[216,1923],"discomfort":[220],"(5).":[221,1845],"emphasize":[225,384],"following":[227,386],"issues.":[229,389],"First,":[230,390,1030],"increases":[231,269,358,1124,1806],"troponins":[234],"indicative":[236,369],"injury":[239,257,264,299,347,355,1109,1382,1391,1429],"but":[240,677,950],"not":[242,647,680,1181,1323,1700],"synonymous":[243],"mechanism":[249,255],"injury.":[251,1668,1821],"If":[252],"unlikely,":[259],"other":[260,1253,1462,1600],"etiologies":[261],"should":[265,375,431,445,614,1114,1810,1998],"pursued.":[267],"Second,":[268,438,1351],"likely":[273,324,418,952],"reflect":[274],"irreversible":[275],"rather":[276],"than":[277],"reversible":[278],"injury,":[279],"although":[280],"there":[281,727,1151,1559],"continuing":[283],"debate":[284],"issue.":[287],"Third,":[288,610,1574],"degree":[290],"increase":[293,1512],"ischemia-induced":[298],"related":[302],"patient\u2019s":[305],"prognosis.":[306],"Fourth,":[307,641],"who":[309,1201],"undergo":[310],"interventional":[311],"procedures,":[312],"such":[313,661,1261,1272,1465],"percutaneous":[315],"transluminal":[316],"angioplasty":[318,364],"(PTCA)":[319],"heart":[321,337],"surgery,":[322],"have":[326,578,796,1497,1620,1680,1825,2038],"consequence":[332],"procedure.":[335],"In":[336,958,1230,1789,1988],"surgery":[338],"patients,":[339],"no":[340,1561],"biomarker":[341,1106,1494,1782],"currently":[343],"capable":[344],"distinguishing":[346],"caused":[348],"from":[352,942,1651,1977],"procedure-induced":[354],"itself.":[356],"However,":[357,1298],"after":[362,626,1209,1217],"stent":[366],"placement":[367],"cell":[372],"death":[373,775],"labeled":[377],"MI.":[380,640,685,1334,2060],"also":[383,1913],"(analytical)":[388],"diversity":[392],"various":[395],"assays,":[398,867],"especially":[399],"I":[403,1878],"(cTnI),":[404],"has":[405,478,1489,1935],"led":[406,1499],"substantial":[408],"confusion":[409],"among":[410],"both":[411,606,1031,1164,1795],"clinicians":[412,719,1973],"laboratorians.":[414],"Standardization":[415],"issues":[416],"will":[417,542,953,1560,1607,1699,1705,1738,1758,2023],"assist":[419,718],"resolving":[421],"some":[422],"these":[424,985,1690,1927],"concerns.":[425],"Acceptance":[426],"individual":[428],"assays":[430,493,584,645,1673,1679,1753],"based":[433,544],"peer-reviewed":[436,443],"literature.":[437],"studies":[440,577],"literature":[444,697],"provide":[446],"information":[447],"pertaining":[448,1011],"assay\u2019s":[451],"imprecision":[452,475,879,908,1685,1698],"(CV),":[453],"reference":[454,465],"intervals,":[455],"potential":[456],"analytical":[457,1610],"interferences,":[458],"acceptable":[460,474],"specimen":[461,1053,1072],"types.":[462],"An":[463],"upper":[464],"limit,":[466],"defined":[467,1404],"99th":[470,770,849,884,933,1623,1656,1730],"percentile":[471,771,806,1592,1624,1657,1731],"\u226410%,":[477],"been":[479,561,797],"proposed.":[480],"This":[481],"places":[482],"large":[484],"responsibility":[485,1318],"manufacturers":[488,874],"optimize":[495],"low":[497,862,1373,1634],"end":[498,863],"their":[500,1678,1983,2018],"assays.":[501],"Although":[502,550,853,1693],"it":[503,517,991,1315,1396],"presently":[505],"recognized":[506],"that":[507,580,698,731,757,891,902,1091,1123,1131,1167,1314,1375,1389,1395,1409,1449,1491,1677,1776,1802,1940,1963,1972,2037,2046],"relatively":[508],"few,":[509],"if":[510,642,1174],"any,":[511],"companies":[512],"can":[513,928],"meet":[514,533,876,1689],"recommendation,":[516],"was":[518,760,1192,1316,1414,1658],"intent":[520],"community":[524,1934],"challenge":[526],"assay":[529,600,913,1495,1712],"manufacturing":[530],"industry":[531,2015],"critical":[535],"issue":[536],"because":[537],"therapeutic":[540],"decisions":[541],"lower":[546,590,1578,1649],"cutpoints.":[549],"plasma":[554,594],"(heparin)":[555],"instead":[556,1312],"serum":[558,596,607,1876],"had":[559],"initially":[560,2041],"advocated":[562],"means":[565],"decreasing":[567],"overall":[569,2030],"turnaround":[570],"time":[571],"reporting":[573],"result,":[575],"shown":[579],"several":[581],"give":[586],"variable":[587],"substantially":[589],"concentrations":[591,613,1354,1726],"heparinized":[593],"vs":[595,785,848],"(6)(7).":[597],"Therefore,":[598],"each":[599,841,912,1733],"needs":[601,968],"validated":[604],"plasma.":[609],"measured":[616],"serial":[618,1241],"blood":[619,1143],"samples":[620],"collected":[621],"at":[622,768,778,845,860,882,931,1055,1065,1074,1206,1214,1725],"least":[623],"6\u20139":[624,1059],"h":[625,1080,1098,1208,1216],"onset":[627,1101],"symptoms,":[629],"before":[630],"patient":[632,966],"ruled":[634,637],"available,":[648],"best":[650,1945],"alternative":[651],"creatine":[653],"kinase":[654],"MB":[655],"(CK-MB)":[656],"mass.":[657],"Rapidly":[658],"appearing":[659],"biomarkers,":[660],"myoglobin":[663,1213,1226,1274],"CK-MB":[665,1112,1205,1981],"isoforms,":[666],"recommended":[668,1037,1052,1071,1193,1362,1587,1638,1775],"need":[672,1565],"early":[675,1044,1093,1105,1177,1842],"triage,":[676],"do":[679],"confirm":[681],"We":[686,1714,1969,2027],"completely":[687],"support":[688,694,1960,2028],"evidence-based":[696],"demonstrates":[699],"definitive":[704,1121,2053],"marker":[705,1045,1122,1136,1840,1919,1946,1985],"utilized":[708],"MI,":[713,1235,1431,1507],"risk":[714,742,758,857,1817,1843,1899,1949],"stratification,":[715,1950],"optimizing":[721],"therapy.":[722],"From":[723],"perspective,":[726],"clear":[729],"evidence":[730],"any":[732,959],"amount":[733],"detectable":[735],"release":[738],"associated":[740,1818],"adverse":[744,1901],"events.":[746],"For":[747,840],"T":[750,1880],"(cTnT),":[751],"FRISC":[753],"II":[754],"study":[755],"demonstrated":[756,798],"stratification":[759,858,1844],"achieved":[761,930,1724],"cutoff":[766,807,1353,1572,1650],"(8.5%":[772],"incidence":[773,1438,1515],"12":[779,1079],"months":[780],"cTnT":[782,788],"<0.01":[783],"\u03bcg/L":[784,810],"18.0%":[786],"\u22650.01":[789],"\u03bcg/L;":[790],"P":[791],"<0.001)":[792],"(8).":[793],"Similar":[794],"results":[795],"cTnI,":[800],"where":[801],"97.5th":[805,847,1591,1653],"0.1":[809],"produced":[811],"significant":[812],"odds":[813],"ratios":[814],"2.2":[816],"(confidence":[817],"interval,":[818],"1.3\u20133.6),":[819],"2.8":[820],"(1.5\u20135.1),":[821],"3.0":[823],"(1.5\u20135.7)":[824],"Immuno":[827],"1":[828],"(Bayer),":[829,831],"ACS:180":[830],"Dimension":[833],"RxL":[834],"(Dade":[835],"Behring)":[836],"analyzers,":[837],"respectively":[838],"(9).":[839],"assay,":[842,1734],"values":[844],"percentiles":[850],"similar.":[852],"preliminary":[854],"trials":[855,1757],"show":[856],"benefits":[859],"noted":[869,1490],"above,":[870],"majority":[872],"cannot":[875],"10%":[878,907,926,1720],"(CV)":[880],"percentile.":[885,934],"It":[886,1128],"our":[888],"opinion,":[889],"therefore,":[890],"context":[894,1791],"medicine,":[897],"predetermined":[899],"higher":[900],"meets":[903],"goal":[905,923],"medical":[916,939,974,1539,1735,2019],"guide":[918],"therapy":[920,1954],"until":[921],"CV":[927],"magnitude":[936],"problem":[940],"stemming":[941],"CV-related":[944],"misclassification":[945],"unknown,":[949],"answered":[955],"over":[956,1516],"time.":[957],"event,":[960],"assessment":[963],"still":[967],"part":[971],"decision":[975,1367,1736],"process,":[976],"highlighted":[978],"With":[984,1266],"newly":[986],"guidelines,":[988],"feel":[990,1991],"important":[993],"timely":[995],"revisit":[997],"National":[999],"Academy":[1000],"Clinical":[1002],"Biochemistry":[1003],"(NACB)":[1004],"(10)":[1005],"IFCC":[1008,1035,1070,1281,1361,1586,1774,1799],"(11)":[1009],"markers":[1017,1042,1271],"1999,":[1020],"contrast":[1024],"ACC/ESC/AHA":[1028],"guidelines.":[1029],"NACB":[1033,1051,1279,1300,1359,1412,1446,1477,1568,1584,1641,1772,1797],"two":[1041,1254,1366,1571,1581],"(an":[1043],"late":[1048],"marker).":[1049],"collection":[1054,1064,1073,1139],"admission,":[1056,1075],"2\u20134":[1057],"h,":[1058,1060,1067],"optional":[1063],"12\u201324":[1066],"4,":[1076],"8,":[1077],"(or":[1081],"next":[1082,1349,1534],"morning).":[1083],"ESC/ACC":[1085,1344,1487,1550,1616,1993],"state":[1090],"(within":[1096],"6":[1097,1148],"symptoms),":[1103],"(myoglobin":[1110],"subforms)":[1113],"considered":[1116],"addition":[1118],"later":[1125],"(troponin)":[1126],"inferred":[1130],"earlier":[1135,1142],"would":[1137,1441],"require":[1138],"sample,":[1144],"between":[1145,1157,1632],"admission":[1146],"h.":[1149],"Thus,":[1150,1335],"appears":[1152],"consensus":[1156],"acknowledge":[1166],"only":[1168,1964],"testing":[1171,2049],"necessary":[1173,1682,1760],"very":[1176],"triage":[1178],"protocol":[1179],"being":[1182,1255],"followed,":[1183],"concur":[1186],"this.":[1188],"A":[1189],"similar":[1190],"approach":[1191],"Emergency":[1199],"Physicians,":[1200],"suggest":[1202],"\u201crepeat":[1204],"2\u20133":[1207],"baseline":[1210,1218],"repeat":[1212],"1\u20132":[1215],"utilization":[1220],"\u0394CK-MB":[1223],"\u0394":[1225],"\u2026":[1227],"\u201d":[1228],"(12).":[1229],"original":[1232],"WHO":[1236,1460,1524],"listed":[1237,1834],"unequivocal":[1238],"changes":[1239,1257],"enzyme":[1242,1290],"measurements":[1243],"one":[1245,1882],"three":[1248],"diagnosis,":[1251,1948],"electrocardiographic":[1256],"features":[1260],"chest":[1263],"pain":[1264],"(13).":[1265],"development":[1268],"protein":[1270],"troponin,":[1277,1371],"Committees":[1282,1800],"recommendation":[1285,1569,1962],"expand":[1287],"include":[1296],"proteins.":[1297],"stopped":[1302],"short":[1303],"actually":[1305],"changing":[1306],"definition":[1308],"stated":[1313,1801],"groups,":[1321],"laboratorians,":[1324,2009],"redefine":[1326],"proposed":[1340],"joint":[1343,1549],"Committee":[1345,1413,1447,1478,1488],"appropriate":[1348],"step.":[1350],"markers,":[1357],"limits":[1368],"limit":[1374,1388,1660],"first":[1378],"presence":[1379],"(97.5th":[1383],"percentile)":[1384],"high":[1387,1636],"extent":[1394],"qualifies":[1397],"(ROC":[1400],"curve":[1401],"determined),":[1402],"WHO.":[1407],"At":[1408],"time,":[1410],"concerned":[1415],"about":[1416],"\u201csocial,":[1418],"psychological,":[1419],"socioeconomic\u201d":[1421],"impact":[1422,2022],"designating":[1424],"minor":[1427],"lowering":[1434],"cutoff,":[1436],"dramatically":[1442],"increase.":[1443],"Again,":[1444,1541,1957],"opined":[1448],"\u201cuntil":[1450],"Cardiology,":[1475],"recommends":[1479],"two-cutoff":[1481],"designation":[1482],"troponin.\u201d":[1485],"improvements":[1492],"technologies":[1496],"continuously":[1498],"more":[1502,1755],"accurate":[1503],"ability":[1504],"diagnose":[1506],"leading":[1508],"gradual":[1511],"years":[1518],"since":[1519],"inception":[1521],"criteria.":[1525],"introduction":[1527],"simply":[1532],"step":[1535],"ever-evolving":[1538],"technology.":[1540],"agree":[1543],"approach.":[1546],"fully":[1555],"endorsed":[1556],"implemented,":[1558],"longer":[1562],"concentrations.":[1573],"establishing":[1576],"cutoffs,":[1582],"healthy":[1596],"population,":[1597],"consistent":[1598],"tests.":[1603],"By":[1604],"definition,":[1605],"produce":[1608],"false-positive":[1611,1664],"rate":[1612],"2.5%.":[1614],"AHA/ACC":[1618],"adopted":[1621],"single":[1627],"cut":[1628],"point,":[1629],"which":[1630],"cutoffs":[1637],"IFCC.":[1643],"rationale":[1645],"increasing":[1647],"number":[1662],"designations":[1665],"Manufacturers":[1669],"must":[1674],"now":[1675,1999],"ensure":[1676],"sensitivity":[1683],"(CV":[1686],"\u226410%)":[1687],"cutoffs.":[1692],"process":[1695],"improving":[1697,1710],"occur":[1701],"overnight,":[1702],"continually":[1704],"stress":[1706],"importance":[1708],"low-end":[1711],"imprecision.":[1713],"anticipate":[1715],"that,":[1716],"CVs":[1718],"less":[1722],"corresponding":[1727],"cutpoints":[1737,1765],"continue":[1739],"lowered":[1742],"(8)(9).":[1743],"Nevertheless,":[1744],"precision":[1747],"performance":[1749],"improve,":[1754],"define":[1762],"optimal":[1764],"decisions.":[1769],"Finally,":[1770],"standard":[1783,2055],"damage.":[1788],"small":[1805],"acutely":[1812],"treated":[1813],"minimize":[1815],"Other":[1822],"concurred":[1826],"recommendation.":[1829],"Task":[1832],"Force":[1833],"preferred":[1839],"Results":[1846],"were":[1850],"added":[1851,1873],"Braunwald":[1854],"class":[1855],"IIIB":[1856],"classification":[1857],"(14).":[1861],"United":[1863],"States":[1864],"Agency":[1865],"Health":[1867],"Care":[1868],"Policy":[1869],"Research":[1871],"major":[1885],"entry":[1888],"high-risk":[1895],"group":[1896],"short-term":[1898],"events":[1903],"(15).":[1904],"Cardiac":[1906],"Australia":[1909],"New":[1911],"Zealand":[1912],"lists":[1914],"choice":[1921],"(16).":[1924],"Each":[1925],"along":[1930],"independently":[1936],"reached":[1937],"conclusion":[1939],"guidance":[1952],"ACS.":[1956],"totally":[1959],"necessary.":[1968],"further":[1970],"recommend":[1971],"begin":[1974],"moving":[1975],"away":[1976],"primary":[1984],"choice.":[1987],"summary,":[1989],"(2)(3)(4)":[1997],"become":[2000],"required":[2001],"reading":[2002],"healthcare":[2005],"professionals,":[2006],"including":[2007],"clinicians,":[2008],"residents,":[2010],"students,":[2011],"hospital":[2012],"administrators,":[2013],"personnel,":[2016],"societal":[2021],"far":[2025],"reaching.":[2026],"conclusions":[2031],"underscored":[2039],"asserting":[2045],"new,":[2052]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
