{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2145471837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.175.1.56","title":"Burden experienced by care-givers of persons with bipolar affective disorder","display_name":"Burden experienced by care-givers of persons with bipolar affective disorder","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2145471837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.175.1.56","mag":"2145471837","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10621769"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1192/bjp.175.1.56","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.175.1.56","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.175.1.56","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S127936299","display_name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry","issn_l":"0007-1250","issn":["0007-1250","1472-1465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Journal of Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050891268","display_name":"DEBORAH A. PERLICK","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9331-5105","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9331-5105"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086971","display_name":"VA Connecticut Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/000rgm762","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I4210086971","https://openalex.org/I4210095851"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Deborah Perlick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeast Program Evaluation Center, West Haven, VAMC, CT 06516, USA","Northeast Program Evaluation Center, West Haven VAMC and the Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeast Program Evaluation Center, West Haven, VAMC, CT 06516, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086971"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeast Program Evaluation Center, West Haven VAMC and the Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055660331","display_name":"Robert R. Rosenheck","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert R. Rosenheck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeast Program Evaluation Center, West Haven VAMC and the Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeast Program Evaluation Center, West Haven VAMC and the Departments of Psychiatry and Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059636867","display_name":"John F. Clarkin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1805-9508","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1805-9508"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John F. Clarkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York Hospital, Westchester Division and Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains. New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York Hospital, Westchester Division and Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains. New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013043460","display_name":"Jo Anne Sirey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8587-8933","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8587-8933"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo Anne Sirey","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York Hospital, Westchester Division and Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains. New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York Hospital, Westchester Division and Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains. New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081288589","display_name":"Patrick J. Raue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1086-9925","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1086-9925"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Raue","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York Hospital, Westchester Division and Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains. New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York Hospital, Westchester Division and Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains. New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Susan Greenfield","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153466","display_name":"Weill Cornell Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02r109517","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan Greenfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York Hospital, Westchester Division and Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains. New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York Hospital, Westchester Division and Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, White Plains. New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295","https://openalex.org/I4387153466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026502642","display_name":"Elmer L. Struening","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388891851","display_name":"New York State Psychiatric Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04aqjf708","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4388891851"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elmer Struening","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology of Mental Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology of Mental Disorders, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University School of Public Health, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388891851","https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050891268"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I4210086971"],"apc_list":{"value":4920,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4920},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.842,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":189,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94753105,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"175","issue":"1","first_page":"56","last_page":"62"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12980","display_name":"Family Caregiving in Mental Illness","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12980","display_name":"Family Caregiving in Mental Illness","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10854","display_name":"Bipolar Disorder and Treatment","score":0.013299999758601189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13574","display_name":"Family Support in Illness","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caregiver-burden","display_name":"caregiver burden","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipolar-disorder","display_name":"bipolar disorder","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-caregivers","display_name":"family caregivers","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-concept","display_name":"illness beliefs","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-awareness","display_name":"disease awareness","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-control","display_name":"perceived control","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caregiver-distress","display_name":"caregiver distress","score":0.6200000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910604615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131755","display_name":"Bipolar illness","level":5,"score":0.7817959785461426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776174506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131755","display_name":"Bipolar disorder","level":3,"score":0.7167854309082031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.641503095626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776674806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12135","display_name":"Mental illness","level":3,"score":0.6151013970375061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139265228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283089","display_name":"Distress","level":2,"score":0.5713415741920471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017735446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7507668","display_name":"Illness behavior","level":2,"score":0.5291106104850769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.5099073648452759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.4861690402030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.47683945298194885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4297025501728058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.19046950340270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.11185348033905029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776809841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185935","display_name":"Mania","level":4,"score":0.09906098246574402}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001294","descriptor_name":"Attitude to Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001714","descriptor_name":"Bipolar Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001714","descriptor_name":"Bipolar Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005195","descriptor_name":"Family Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013315","descriptor_name":"Stress, Psychological","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015999","descriptor_name":"Multivariate Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017028","descriptor_name":"Caregivers","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017281","descriptor_name":"Cost of Illness","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1192/bjp.175.1.56","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.175.1.56","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.175.1.56","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S127936299","display_name":"The British Journal of Psychiatry","issn_l":"0007-1250","issn":["0007-1250","1472-1465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Journal of Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10621769","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10621769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3893908596","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MH-51348","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4253851540","display_name":"IMPACT OF FAMILY BURDEN IN BIPOLAR DISORDER","funder_award_id":"5r01mh051348-03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1698946007","https://openalex.org/W1970977720","https://openalex.org/W1974702488","https://openalex.org/W1998660009","https://openalex.org/W2003286684","https://openalex.org/W2016853167","https://openalex.org/W2036189048","https://openalex.org/W2043465565","https://openalex.org/W2049165791","https://openalex.org/W2057170280","https://openalex.org/W2062013934","https://openalex.org/W2092006314","https://openalex.org/W2092766885","https://openalex.org/W2106294340","https://openalex.org/W2120083657","https://openalex.org/W2139990662","https://openalex.org/W2156213990","https://openalex.org/W2330900188","https://openalex.org/W2769407642","https://openalex.org/W4301950235"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012755535","https://openalex.org/W1990792607","https://openalex.org/W2996508956","https://openalex.org/W2509418525","https://openalex.org/W3211257887","https://openalex.org/W2066710651","https://openalex.org/W2162481498","https://openalex.org/W1997914707","https://openalex.org/W1977137219","https://openalex.org/W1826860130"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Family":[1],"members":[2],"of":[3,21,31,49,57,77,99,108,116,125],"patients":[4,59,126],"with":[5,11,33,60,127],"schizophrenia":[6],"frequently":[7],"report":[8,48,130],"burdens":[9],"associated":[10],"caring":[12],"for":[13,70],"their":[14],"relatives.":[15],"AIMS:":[16],"We":[17],"evaluate":[18],"the":[19,25,114,117,139],"impact":[20],"illness":[22,45,65,94,129],"beliefs":[23,46,95,137],"on":[24],"burden":[26,50,88,111,132],"reported":[27,79],"by":[28,136],"family":[29,44,102],"care-givers":[30,56,78],"people":[32],"bipolar":[34,64,128],"illness.":[35,140],"METHOD:":[36],"The":[37],"multivariate":[38],"relationships":[39],"between":[40],"patient":[41,100],"symptomatology":[42],"and":[43,47,101,121],"were":[51,67],"examined":[52],"at":[53,85],"baseline":[54],"among":[55],"266":[58],"Research":[61],"Diagnostic":[62],"Criteria-diagnosed":[63],"who":[66],"subsequently":[68],"followed":[69],"15":[71],"months.":[72],"RESULTS:":[73],"At":[74],"baseline,":[75],"93%":[76],"moderate":[80],"or":[81],"greater":[82],"distress":[83],"in":[84,110],"least":[86],"one":[87],"domain.":[89],"As":[90],"a":[91],"group,":[92],"care-giver":[93],"(illness":[96],"awareness,":[97],"perception":[98],"control)":[103],"explained":[104],"an":[105],"additional":[106],"18-28%":[107],"variance":[109],"experienced":[112],"beyond":[113],"effects":[115],"patient's":[118],"clinical":[119],"state":[120],"history.":[122],"CONCLUSIONS:":[123],"Care-givers":[124],"widespread":[131],"that":[133],"is":[134],"influenced":[135],"about":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}