{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2145453034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/22.2.148","title":"Development and Evaluation of Immunochromatographic Rapid Tests for Screening of Cannabinoids, Cocaine, and Opiates in Urine","display_name":"Development and Evaluation of Immunochromatographic Rapid Tests for Screening of Cannabinoids, Cocaine, and Opiates in Urine","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2145453034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/22.2.148","mag":"2145453034","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9547412"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/jat/22.2.148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/22.2.148","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/22.2.148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140972820","display_name":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology","issn_l":"0146-4760","issn":["0146-4760","1945-2403"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086121127","display_name":"Robert Wennig","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144605","display_name":"Laboratoire National de Sant\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/04y798z66","country_code":"LU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144605"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Wennig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire National de Sant\u00e9, Centre Universitaire, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire National de Sant\u00e9, Centre Universitaire, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144605"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113496726","display_name":"Manfred R. Moeller","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.R. Moeller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Rechtsmedizin, Universitaetsklinik, 66424 Homburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Rechtsmedizin, Universitaetsklinik, 66424 Homburg, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090193064","display_name":"Jean\u2010Marie Haguenoer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.M. Haguenoer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Place de Verdun, 59045 Lille, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110019177","display_name":"A. Marocchi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094195","display_name":"Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda","ror":"https://ror.org/00htrxv69","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094195"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Marocchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ospedale Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162 Milano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ospedale Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094195"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028453550","display_name":"F. Zoppi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094195","display_name":"Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda","ror":"https://ror.org/00htrxv69","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094195"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Zoppi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ospedale Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162 Milano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ospedale Niguarda, Piazza Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094195"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"B.L. Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801953579","display_name":"Bethlem Royal Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02zc6c986","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200323923","https://openalex.org/I2801953579"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.L. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Bethlem Royal Hospital, Beckenham, Kent BR3 3BX, Great Britain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Bethlem Royal Hospital, Beckenham, Kent BR3 3BX, Great Britain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801953579"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087857627","display_name":"Rafael de la Torre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6765-1866","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6765-1866","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-4232"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136145","display_name":"Municipal Institute for Medical Research","ror":"https://ror.org/039evc422","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136145"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. de la Torre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Municipal d'Investigaci\u00f3 M\u00e8dica, Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Municipal d'Investigaci\u00f3 M\u00e8dica, Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006640844","display_name":"Christoph Carstensen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.A. Carstensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, 68298 Mannheim, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, 68298 Mannheim, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063995625","display_name":"Ada Goerlach-Graw","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Goerlach-Graw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, 68298 Mannheim, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, 68298 Mannheim, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016288675","display_name":"J. Schaeffler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Schaeffler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, 68298 Mannheim, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, 68298 Mannheim, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011864978","display_name":"Robert Leinberger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. Leinberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, 68298 Mannheim, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, 68298 Mannheim, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011864978"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4823,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4823},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.1164,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96515783,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"2","first_page":"148","last_page":"155"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10800","display_name":"Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10800","display_name":"Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11393","display_name":"Biosensors and Analytical Detection","score":0.016899999231100082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11754","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rapid-immunochromatographic-test","display_name":"rapid immunochromatographic test","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cannabinoids","display_name":"cannabinoids","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cocaine","display_name":"cocaine","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opiates","display_name":"opiates","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urine-drug-testing","display_name":"urine drug testing","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunoassay-comparison","display_name":"immunoassay comparison","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emit","display_name":"EMIT","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-reactivity","display_name":"cross-reactivity","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methadone-metabolites","display_name":"methadone metabolites","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clozapine","display_name":"clozapine","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity-and-specificity","display_name":"sensitivity and specificity","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forensic-toxicology","display_name":"forensic toxicology","score":0.8090000152587891}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40924","display_name":"Urine","level":2,"score":0.8299853801727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018481051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3184856","display_name":"Drugs of abuse","level":3,"score":0.6588550806045532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780420688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759183","display_name":"Immunoassay","level":3,"score":0.6420924067497253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.5807704925537109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778767360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179996","display_name":"Methadone","level":2,"score":0.5179982781410217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4597836136817932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.2950841188430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2843776047229767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.24245145916938782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1809309720993042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.08442026376724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.07063892483711243}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002186","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoids","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002186","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoids","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002186","descriptor_name":"Cannabinoids","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002845","descriptor_name":"Chromatography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002845","descriptor_name":"Chromatography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002845","descriptor_name":"Chromatography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003042","descriptor_name":"Cocaine","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003042","descriptor_name":"Cocaine","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003042","descriptor_name":"Cocaine","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003429","descriptor_name":"Cross Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003429","descriptor_name":"Cross Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003429","descriptor_name":"Cross Reactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005069","descriptor_name":"Evaluation Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005069","descriptor_name":"Evaluation Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005069","descriptor_name":"Evaluation Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007124","descriptor_name":"Immunoenzyme Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007124","descriptor_name":"Immunoenzyme Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007124","descriptor_name":"Immunoenzyme Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008401","descriptor_name":"Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008401","descriptor_name":"Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008401","descriptor_name":"Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009294","descriptor_name":"Narcotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009294","descriptor_name":"Narcotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009294","descriptor_name":"Narcotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000652","qualifier_name":"urine","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011933","descriptor_name":"Reagent Kits, Diagnostic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011933","descriptor_name":"Reagent Kits, Diagnostic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011933","descriptor_name":"Reagent Kits, Diagnostic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015813","descriptor_name":"Substance Abuse Detection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015813","descriptor_name":"Substance Abuse Detection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015813","descriptor_name":"Substance Abuse Detection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016231","descriptor_name":"Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016231","descriptor_name":"Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016231","descriptor_name":"Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/jat/22.2.148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/22.2.148","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/22.2.148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S140972820","display_name":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology","issn_l":"0146-4760","issn":["0146-4760","1945-2403"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9547412","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9547412","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of analytical toxicology","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8399999737739563}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2149537874","https://openalex.org/W2171639452","https://openalex.org/W2254729663","https://openalex.org/W2415530617","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300451275","https://openalex.org/W4301222679"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W102192197","https://openalex.org/W2040294880","https://openalex.org/W2082317148","https://openalex.org/W2224521121","https://openalex.org/W2128128340","https://openalex.org/W4408694332","https://openalex.org/W1963998700","https://openalex.org/W2139798983","https://openalex.org/W2132235790","https://openalex.org/W4301222679"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"test":[1,184],"principle":[2],"and":[3,38,64,71,76,113,140,195],"the":[4,7,13,31,52,55,98,121,143,157,161,189],"optimization":[5],"of":[6,54,89,106,111,114,131,163,200],"reactive":[8],"ingredients":[9],"are":[10],"described":[11],"for":[12,21,82,120,142,169,198],"one-step":[14],"dip":[15],"and-read":[16],"immunochromatographic":[17],"FRONTLINE":[18,190],"rapid":[19,32,57,123,145,183],"tests":[20,33,58,124,146],"drugs-of-abuse":[22],"testing":[23],"in":[24,134],"urine":[25,66,129,167],"samples.":[26],"In":[27,51,160],"a":[28,87,135,193],"multicenter":[29],"evaluation":[30],"were":[34,43,78,147],"compared":[35,155],"with":[36,109,156],"FPIA":[37,70],"EMIT":[39],"immunoassays.":[40],"Discrepant":[41],"results":[42,187],"further":[44],"analyzed":[45],"by":[46,182],"gas":[47],"chromatography-mass":[48],"spectrometry":[49],"methods.":[50,159],"comparison":[53],"cannabinoids":[56],"versus":[59,69,73,91],"both":[60,83,92],"immunoassays":[61],"using":[62],"clinical":[63,166],"forensic":[65],"samples":[67,130,168,177],"(399":[68],"755":[72],"EMIT),":[74],"sensitivities":[75],"specificities":[77,141],"97%":[79],"or":[80,149,172],"better":[81,150],"comparisons.":[84],"For":[85],"cocaine,":[86],"sensitivity":[88],"100%":[90],"routine":[93,158],"technologies":[94],"was":[95,100,117],"obtained,":[96],"whereas":[97],"specificity":[99],"reduced":[101],"somewhat":[102],"to":[103,128],"91%":[104],"because":[105],"some":[107],"cross-reactivity":[108],"metabolites":[110],"methadone":[112,136],"clozapine.":[115],"Specificity":[116],"very":[118],"high":[119],"cocaine":[122,171],"(98-100%)":[125],"when":[126,154],"applied":[127],"persons":[132],"not":[133],"maintenance":[137],"program.":[138],"Sensitivities":[139],"opiates":[144,173],"99%":[148],"at":[151],"all":[152],"sites":[153],"screening":[162,197],"about":[164],"1200":[165],"cannabinoids,":[170],"misuse":[174],"only":[175],"six":[176],"would":[178],"have":[179],"stayed":[180],"undetected":[181],"analyzes.":[185],"These":[186],"show":[188],"assays":[191],"allow":[192],"reliable":[194],"immediate":[196],"drugs":[199],"abuse.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
