{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2145409491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwip.12012","title":"Patentability of Plants: At the Crossroads between Monopolizing Nature and Protecting Technological Innovation?","display_name":"Patentability of Plants: At the Crossroads between Monopolizing Nature and Protecting Technological Innovation?","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2145409491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwip.12012","mag":"2145409491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/jwip.12012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwip.12012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwip.12012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51653728","display_name":"The Journal of World Intellectual Property","issn_l":"1422-2213","issn":["1422-2213","1747-1796"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of World Intellectual Property","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009027821","display_name":"Sven J. R. Bostyn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3079-0053","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3079-0053"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146655781","display_name":"University of Liverpool","ror":"https://ror.org/04xs57h96","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sven J. R. Bostyn","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Liverpool","#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of Liverpool#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Liverpool","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N##TAB##TAB##TAB##TAB# University of Liverpool#N##TAB##TAB##TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009027821"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146655781"],"apc_list":{"value":2900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3449,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97073427,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"3-4","first_page":"105","last_page":"149"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.9032999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.9032999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.08540000021457672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13851","display_name":"Law, AI, and Intellectual Property","score":0.006500000134110451,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-varieties","display_name":"cultivars","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-seeds","display_name":"hybrid seeds","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-patent-convention","display_name":"European Patent Convention","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traditional-plant-breeding","display_name":"traditional plant breeding","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patent-reform","display_name":"patent law reform","score":0.6019999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780697943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7144533","display_name":"Patentability","level":4,"score":0.9608805179595947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5502786040306091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.32461583614349365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.32407182455062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.21344664692878723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.18550574779510498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.17196601629257202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34974158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131257","display_name":"Intellectual property","level":2,"score":0.13992786407470703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984145337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253623","display_name":"Patent law","level":3,"score":0.10452640056610107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/jwip.12012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwip.12012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwip.12012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51653728","display_name":"The Journal of World Intellectual Property","issn_l":"1422-2213","issn":["1422-2213","1747-1796"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of World Intellectual Property","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dare.uva.nl:openaire_cris_publications/b980af70-e796-4fc6-b7f8-d036e4d7f873","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://handle.uba.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/patentability-of-plants-at-the-crossroads-between-monopolising-nature-and-protecting-technological-innovation(b980af70-e796-4fc6-b7f8-d036e4d7f873).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400088","display_name":"UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","host_organization_name":"University of Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bostyn, S J R 2013, 'Patentability of plants: at the crossroads between monopolising nature and protecting technological innovation?', Journal of World Intellectual Property, vol. 16, no. 3-4, pp. 105-149. https://doi.org/10.1002/jwip.12012","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/7685c259-ce4b-4b85-8c41-7d8ed0c3b475","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://researchprofiles.ku.dk/da/publications/7685c259-ce4b-4b85-8c41-7d8ed0c3b475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401983","display_name":"Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","host_organization_name":"University of Copenhagen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bostyn, S J R 2013, 'Patentability of plants: at the crossroads between monopolising nature and protecting technological innovation?', Journal of World Intellectual Property, vol. 16, no. 3-4, pp. 105-149. https://doi.org/10.1002/jwip.12012","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:uvapub:oai:dare.uva.nl:publications/b980af70-e796-4fc6-b7f8-d036e4d7f873","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dare.uva.nl/personal/pure/en/publications/patentability-of-plants-at-the-crossroads-between-monopolising-nature-and-protecting-technological-innovation(b980af70-e796-4fc6-b7f8-d036e4d7f873).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of World Intellectual Property, 16(3-4), 105 - 149. John Wiley and Sons Ltd","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W264763207","https://openalex.org/W626416091","https://openalex.org/W834065619","https://openalex.org/W1507299520","https://openalex.org/W1560727930","https://openalex.org/W1837839606","https://openalex.org/W1986704311","https://openalex.org/W2164115539","https://openalex.org/W2180733991","https://openalex.org/W2429499437","https://openalex.org/W2467123370","https://openalex.org/W3124732015","https://openalex.org/W4249495390","https://openalex.org/W4250736437","https://openalex.org/W6995938982","https://openalex.org/W7023746551"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2585111353","https://openalex.org/W7135484658","https://openalex.org/W1507650998","https://openalex.org/W2975051088","https://openalex.org/W60040309","https://openalex.org/W4290948681","https://openalex.org/W4290948579","https://openalex.org/W2080352684","https://openalex.org/W2883794357","https://openalex.org/W2956532385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"provides":[2],"an":[3],"in\u2010depth":[4],"critical":[5],"analysis":[6],"of":[7,13,45,48,119,124,155,198,207],"pressing":[8],"issues":[9],"regarding":[10],"the":[11,24,49,88,113,125,128,153,159,166,188,193,199],"patentability":[12,136],"plants.":[14,41],"There":[15],"is":[16,90,116],"no":[17],"public":[18],"interest":[19],"overarching":[20],"principle":[21],"present":[22],"in":[23,76,105,152,179,187],"European":[25],"Patent":[26],"Convention":[27],"or":[28],"any":[29],"other":[30],"convention":[31],"for":[32,40,57,93,130],"that":[33,77,87],"matter":[34],"which":[35,61],"would":[36],"exclude":[37],"patent":[38,50,55,74,114,126,189,200],"protection":[39,56],"The":[42,173],"expansionist":[43],"behavior":[44],"some":[46],"users":[47],"system":[51,115,190,201],"seeking":[52],"to":[53,65,70,85,98,168,170,176],"obtain":[54],"methods":[58,68],"and":[59,73,195,202],"products":[60],"are":[62],"very":[63,80],"akin":[64],"traditional":[66],"breeding":[67],"needs":[69,175],"be":[71,99,149,177,205],"halted":[72],"applications":[75],"context":[78],"deserve":[79],"close":[81],"scrutiny":[82],"so":[83],"as":[84,103,110],"avoid":[86],"border":[89],"crossed.":[91],"Patents":[92],"hybrid":[94],"seeds":[95],"ought":[96],"not":[97,117,148,164],"protected":[100],"by":[101,143],"patents,":[102],"they":[104],"effect":[106],"protect":[107],"plant":[108],"varieties":[109],"such.":[111],"If":[112],"capable":[118],"keeping":[120],"such":[121,171],"innovations":[122,134],"outside":[123],"territory,":[127],"call":[129],"excluding":[131],"all":[132],"plant\u2010related":[133],"from":[135],"will":[137],"become":[138],"more":[139],"influential.":[140],"Products":[141],"produced":[142],"essentially":[144],"biological":[145],"processes":[146],"should":[147,204],"patentable.":[150],"However,":[151],"absence":[154],"a":[156,184],"statutory":[157],"basis,":[158],"current":[160],"legal":[161],"framework":[162],"does":[163],"allow":[165],"judiciary":[167],"come":[169],"conclusion.":[172],"EPC":[174],"amended":[178],"this":[180],"respect.":[181],"Finally,":[182],"introducing":[183,208],"breeders'":[185],"exemption":[186],"could":[191],"jeopardize":[192],"internal":[194],"external":[196],"architecture":[197],"one":[203],"wary":[206],"it.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}