{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2145293121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17875/gup2014-769","title":"Ludwig Prandtl","display_name":"Ludwig Prandtl","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2145293121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17875/gup2014-769","mag":"2145293121"},"language":"de","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17875/gup2014-769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17875/gup2014-769","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17875/gup2014-769","pdf_url":"https://www.univerlag.uni-goettingen.de/bitstream/3/isbn-978-3-86395-160-3/1/GKSM9_prandtl_engl.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207285","display_name":"G\u00f6ttinger Klassiker der Str\u00f6mungmechanik/G\u00f6ttinger Klassiker der Str\u00f6mungsmechanik","issn_l":"1863-1088","issn":["1863-1088","2512-6865"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"G\u00f6ttinger Klassiker der Str\u00f6mungmechanik","raw_type":"monograph"},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.univerlag.uni-goettingen.de/bitstream/3/isbn-978-3-86395-160-3/1/GKSM9_prandtl_engl.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010678493","display_name":"Johanna Vogel-Prandtl","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Johanna Vogel-Prandtl","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010678493"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3327,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84414525,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13495","display_name":"Biographical and Historical Analysis","score":0.5903000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13495","display_name":"Biographical and Historical Analysis","score":0.5903000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.3009999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13951","display_name":"Fluid dynamics and aerodynamics studies","score":0.047600001096725464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ludwig-prandtl","display_name":"Ludwig Prandtl","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary-layer-theory","display_name":"boundary layer theory","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airfoil-theory","display_name":"airfoil theory","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressible-flow","display_name":"compressible flow","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbulence","display_name":"turbulent flow","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"meteorology","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elasticity","display_name":"elasticity","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasticity","display_name":"plasticity","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheology","display_name":"rheology","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerodynamics","display_name":"aerodynamics","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-of-gottingen","display_name":"University of G\u00f6ttingen","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-tunnel","display_name":"wind tunnel","score":0.7940000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72687893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815306","display_name":"Prandtl number","level":3,"score":0.47548139095306396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.34851911664009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3399934768676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.298025518655777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.04002198576927185}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17875/gup2014-769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17875/gup2014-769","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17875/gup2014-769","pdf_url":"https://www.univerlag.uni-goettingen.de/bitstream/3/isbn-978-3-86395-160-3/1/GKSM9_prandtl_engl.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207285","display_name":"G\u00f6ttinger Klassiker der Str\u00f6mungmechanik/G\u00f6ttinger Klassiker der Str\u00f6mungsmechanik","issn_l":"1863-1088","issn":["1863-1088","2512-6865"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"G\u00f6ttinger Klassiker der Str\u00f6mungmechanik","raw_type":"monograph"},{"id":"pmh:oai:library.oapen.org:20.500.12657/31848","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/31848","pdf_url":"https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/20.500.12657/31848/1/624636.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402535","display_name":"OAPEN (The OAPEN Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153118","host_organization_name":"OAPEN Foundation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153118"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doab-books:16536","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.doabooks.org/doab?func=search&query=rid:16536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400539","display_name":"Directory of Open access Books (OAPEN Foundation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153118","host_organization_name":"OAPEN Foundation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153118"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"book"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.goettingen-research-online.de:2/14338","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/14338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055187","display_name":"GRO","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/book"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.17875/gup2014-769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17875/gup2014-769","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17875/gup2014-769","pdf_url":"https://www.univerlag.uni-goettingen.de/bitstream/3/isbn-978-3-86395-160-3/1/GKSM9_prandtl_engl.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207285","display_name":"G\u00f6ttinger Klassiker der Str\u00f6mungmechanik/G\u00f6ttinger Klassiker der Str\u00f6mungsmechanik","issn_l":"1863-1088","issn":["1863-1088","2512-6865"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"G\u00f6ttinger Klassiker der Str\u00f6mungmechanik","raw_type":"monograph"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2145293121.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2145293121.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41305855","https://openalex.org/W632271265","https://openalex.org/W657317978","https://openalex.org/W1549270960","https://openalex.org/W1978790621","https://openalex.org/W2203816603","https://openalex.org/W2421088654","https://openalex.org/W2500309708","https://openalex.org/W2500457158","https://openalex.org/W2506190771","https://openalex.org/W6628069945"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7011300600","https://openalex.org/W2937045373","https://openalex.org/W2622201781","https://openalex.org/W3045226339","https://openalex.org/W7073554378","https://openalex.org/W2496915215","https://openalex.org/W7067277682","https://openalex.org/W115856564","https://openalex.org/W4252028575","https://openalex.org/W7019451662"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"his":[1,29,42,44,59,70,109,113,119,147,204,238,259,305,378,388,411,471],"seminal":[2],"contributions":[3,306],"to":[4,48,64,75,108,112,141,217,222,231,299,307,354,370,374,402,418,522],"applied":[5,296],"mechanics,":[6],"hydro-,":[7],"aero-and":[8],"gas":[9],"dynamics,":[10],"Ludwig":[11,94,186,225],"Prandtl":[12,95,187,228,392,396,464,536],"decisively":[13],"advanced":[14],"developments":[15],"in":[16,19,32,106,166,265,323,325,335,363,368,449,575],"these":[17,261],"fields":[18],"the":[20,26,76,90,96,124,144,152,167,180,196,219,223,248,250,266,270,275,283,289,308,327,332,337,341,346,371,391,395,419,426,433,440,456,459,478,495,526,532,540,543,553,559],"first":[21],"half":[22],"of":[23,28,58,78,93,118,126,146,169,185,258,285,291,310,348,422,458,488,492,497,515,534,542,552,561],"this":[24,66,316],"century.With":[25],"publication":[27],"collected":[30],"works,":[31,111],"three":[33],"volumes,":[34],"which":[35,61,200,242],"took":[36],"place":[37],"a":[38,56,116,163,183,232,414,507,512,566],"few":[39],"years":[40],"after":[41],"death,":[43],"papers":[45],"became":[46,549],"accessible":[47],"subsequent":[49],"generations.This":[50],"written":[51,202,409],"legacy":[52],"is,":[53],"however,":[54],"only":[55],"part":[57],"lifework":[60],"science":[62],"has":[63,177],"thank":[65],"genial":[67],"scholar":[68],"for.Through":[69],"encouragement,":[71],"he":[72,278,295,351,380,453,548,556],"also":[73,178,303],"contributed":[74],"work":[77],"numerous":[79],"students":[80],"and":[81,137,149,154,210,245,274,288,294,313,366,384,394,398,439,469,494,517,547,570],"research":[82,239,321],"associates,":[83],"as":[84,86,115,413],"well":[85],"many":[87],"colleagues":[88],"throughout":[89,247],"world.The":[91],"portrait":[92],"researcher":[97],"would":[98,188],"be":[99,190,256,263,403],"incomplete":[100],"if":[101],"reference":[102],"were":[103,408,474,520],"not":[104],"made,":[105],"addition":[107,369],"scientific":[110,503],"qualities":[114],"person.Some":[117],"former":[120],"co-workers":[121],"have,":[122],"on":[123],"occasion":[125],"remembrance,":[127],"described":[128],"their":[129,135],"experiences":[130],"stemming":[131],"from":[132,345,455,538],"encounters":[133],"with":[134,156,467],"teacher":[136],"so":[138,399],"have":[139],"tried":[140],"keep":[142],"alive":[143],"memory":[145],"radiant":[148],"exemplary":[150],"character.As":[151],"essays":[153],"treatises":[155],"recollections":[157],"are":[158],"widely":[159],"scattered,":[160],"there":[161,176],"is":[162,193],"danger":[164],"that,":[165],"course":[168],"time,":[170],"they":[171],"will":[172,262],"fall":[173],"into":[174],"oblivion.So,":[175],"been":[179],"fear":[181],"that":[182,572],"biography":[184],"never":[189],"written.This":[191],"gap":[192],"filled":[194],"by":[195,203,477],"book":[197],"presented":[198,521],"here":[199],"was":[201,229,352,360,454,465,573],"daughter":[205],"Johanna":[206],"Vogel-Prandtl.With":[207],"her":[208],"memories":[209],"other":[211,502,518],"material,":[212],"she":[213],"wished,":[214],"above":[215,375],"all,":[216],"bring":[218],"reader":[220],"closer":[221],"\"man\"":[224],"Prandtl.In":[226],"1904,":[227],"appointed":[230],"position":[233],"at":[234,315,558],"G\u00f6ttingen":[235],"University,":[236],"where":[237],"career":[240],"began":[241],"gained":[243],"admiration":[244],"recognition":[246],"world.As":[249],"younger":[251],"generation":[252],"may":[253],"no":[254],"longer":[255],"aware":[257],"achievements,":[260],"recounted":[264],"following":[267],"synopsis.Prandtl":[268],"proposed":[269],"boundary":[271],"layer":[272],"theory":[273,365],"airfoil":[276],"theory,":[277],"had":[279],"ground-breaking":[280],"ideas":[281],"regarding":[282],"flow":[284,297],"compressible":[286],"media":[287],"motion":[290],"turbulent":[292],"fluids,":[293],"physics":[298],"meteorology.But,":[300],"I":[301],"should":[302],"mention":[304],"problems":[309],"elasticity,":[311],"plasticity":[312],"rheology":[314],"point.He":[317],"established":[318],"two":[319,423],"important":[320],"institutes":[322],"G\u00f6ttingen:":[324],"1907":[326],"Aerodynamische":[328],"Versuchsveranstalt":[329],"(initially":[330],"named":[331],"Modellversuchsanstalt)":[333],"and,":[334],"1925,":[336],"Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut":[338,544],"f\u00fcr":[339,429,436,442,545],"Str\u00f6mungsforschung.In":[340],"latter":[342],"institute,":[343],"freed":[344],"constraints":[347],"external":[349],"demands,":[350],"able":[353],"carry":[355],"out":[356],"intensive":[357],"basic":[358],"research.He":[359],"particularly":[361],"successful":[362],"linking":[364],"experiment:":[367],"theories":[372],"referred":[373],"(both":[376],"bear":[377],"name),":[379],"developed":[381],"wind":[382],"tunnels":[383],"measurement":[385],"equipment":[386],"for":[387],"experiments":[389],"(e.g.":[390],"tube":[393],"manometer)":[397],"proved":[400],"himself":[401],"an":[404,550],"all-embracing":[405],"scholar.Eighty-three":[406],"dissertations":[407],"under":[410],"supervision":[412],"university":[415],"lecturer.He":[416],"belonged":[417],"active":[420],"cofounders":[421],"wellrespected":[424],"societies,":[425],"Wissenschaftliche":[427],"Gesellschaft":[428,435,441],"Luftfahrt":[430],"(now":[431],"called":[432],"Deutsche":[434],"Luft-und":[437],"Raumfahrt)":[438],"Angewandte":[443],"Mathematik":[444],"und":[445],"Mechanik":[446],"(GAMM),":[447],"founded":[448],"1922,":[450],"whose":[451],"president":[452],"year":[457],"society\u00b4s":[460],"founding":[461],"until":[462],"1945.Ludwig":[463],"showered":[466],"honours":[468],"awards.Amongst":[470],"honorary":[472,510],"doctorates":[473],"those":[475],"awarded":[476],"TH":[479,481,483,485],"Danzig,":[480],"Zurich,":[482],"Prag,":[484],"Trondheim,":[486],"University":[487,491,496],"Cambridge":[489],"(England),":[490],"Bucharest,":[493],"Istanbul.Some":[498],"twenty":[499],"academies":[500],"or":[501,509],"institutions":[504],"made":[505],"him":[506],"member":[508],"member.Moreover,":[511],"large":[513],"number":[514],"medals":[516],"awards":[519],"him,":[523],"most":[524],"recently":[525],"Gro\u00dfes":[527],"Verdienstkreuz":[528],"der":[529],"Bundesrepublik":[530],"Deutschland.At":[531],"end":[533],"1946,":[535],"resigned":[537],"being":[539],"director":[541],"Str\u00f6mungsforschung":[546],"emeritus":[551],"university.In":[554],"1953,":[555],"died":[557],"age":[560],"78":[562],"years.He":[563],"left":[564],"behind":[565],"fulfilled":[567],"working":[568],"life":[569],"one":[571],"rich":[574],"honours.":[576]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-07T09:51:55.459714","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}