{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2145237401","doi":null,"title":"The Impact of L1 Background and Visual Information on the Effectiveness of Low- Variability Input","display_name":"The Impact of L1 Background and Visual Information on the Effectiveness of Low- Variability Input","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-04-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2145237401","mag":"2145237401"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca:977126","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/977126/1/Fulga_MA_S2013.pdf","pdf_url":"https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/977126/1/Fulga_MA_S2013.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400871","display_name":"Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","host_organization_name":"Concordia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/977126/1/Fulga_MA_S2013.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024556204","display_name":"Angelica Fulga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2525-6267","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2525-6267"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Angelica Fulga","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2525-6267","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024556204"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.41769999265670776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.41769999265670776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10730","display_name":"Language Development and Disorders","score":0.17249999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.07919999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l1-background","display_name":"L1 background","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-information","display_name":"visual information","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-detection","display_name":"pattern detection","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/esperanto","display_name":"Esperanto","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transitive-constructions","display_name":"transitive constructions","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morphological-awareness","display_name":"morphological awareness","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntactic-awareness","display_name":"syntactic awareness","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-language-acquisition","display_name":"second language acquisition","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/token-frequency","display_name":"token frequency","score":0.4869999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191399111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64861","display_name":"Transitive relation","level":2,"score":0.882622480392456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.6473354697227478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5822806358337402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776548248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12621536","display_name":"Judgement","level":2,"score":0.5428618788719177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121934690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1084","display_name":"Noun","level":2,"score":0.5418485403060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.5143052339553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5040661096572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4468751549720764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159403335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207857","display_name":"Inflection","level":2,"score":0.4192485213279724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.36387091875076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3575226366519928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.34992095828056335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3166271448135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.07075655460357666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca:977126","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/977126/1/Fulga_MA_S2013.pdf","pdf_url":"https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/977126/1/Fulga_MA_S2013.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400871","display_name":"Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","host_organization_name":"Concordia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.633.5717","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.633.5717","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/977126/1/Fulga_MA_S2013.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2145237401","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/977126/1/Fulga_MA_S2013.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca:977126","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/977126/1/Fulga_MA_S2013.pdf","pdf_url":"https://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/977126/1/Fulga_MA_S2013.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400871","display_name":"Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","host_organization_name":"Concordia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2145237401.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2145237401.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W311208682","https://openalex.org/W600197013","https://openalex.org/W788814651","https://openalex.org/W1497748330","https://openalex.org/W1550933260","https://openalex.org/W1572783941","https://openalex.org/W1964268059","https://openalex.org/W1982646300","https://openalex.org/W1994622803","https://openalex.org/W1995952689","https://openalex.org/W2017879492","https://openalex.org/W2025273196","https://openalex.org/W2035673467","https://openalex.org/W2039336675","https://openalex.org/W2055388678","https://openalex.org/W2064704541","https://openalex.org/W2065331522","https://openalex.org/W2072626824","https://openalex.org/W2078906720","https://openalex.org/W2087287605","https://openalex.org/W2087982218","https://openalex.org/W2100983726","https://openalex.org/W2105309995","https://openalex.org/W2105494159","https://openalex.org/W2115638257","https://openalex.org/W2134634811","https://openalex.org/W2135178859","https://openalex.org/W2136005895","https://openalex.org/W2153615580","https://openalex.org/W2160719354","https://openalex.org/W2276504555","https://openalex.org/W2480148714","https://openalex.org/W2490345193","https://openalex.org/W2899411202","https://openalex.org/W4235217220","https://openalex.org/W6893527377"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7066575577","https://openalex.org/W2112630243","https://openalex.org/W2087287605","https://openalex.org/W2903685646","https://openalex.org/W1710723989","https://openalex.org/W4392516548","https://openalex.org/W7161635719","https://openalex.org/W1527674677","https://openalex.org/W2134634811","https://openalex.org/W2047681959"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"investigated":[2],"whether":[3],"L1":[4,102],"background":[5],"and":[6,14,54,64],"visual":[7,89],"information":[8,90],"impact":[9],"the":[10,30,61,68,108,120],"effectiveness":[11],"of":[12,67,119,122],"skewed":[13,34],"balanced":[15,42],"input":[16,43,92],"at":[17],"promoting":[18],"pattern":[19],"detection.":[20],"Participants":[21],"(N=":[22],"84)":[23],"were":[24],"exposed":[25],"to":[26,59,106,130],"Esperanto":[27],"sentence":[28],"with":[29,37],"transitive":[31,69,125,134],"construction":[32,70],"under":[33],"(one":[35],"noun":[36],"high":[38],"token":[39,45],"frequency)":[40,46],"or":[41,52,91],"(equal":[44],"conditions":[47],"while":[48],"viewing":[49],"either":[50],"colour":[51],"black":[53],"white":[55],"visuals.":[56],"Their":[57],"ability":[58,129],"detect":[60],"relevant":[62],"morphological":[63],"syntactic":[65],"features":[66],"was":[71],"tested":[72],"through":[73],"a":[74,97,132],"forced":[75],"judgement":[76],"task":[77],"using":[78],"novel":[79,133],"nouns.":[80],"The":[81,113],"results":[82],"indicated":[83],"no":[84],"significant":[85,98],"main":[86,99],"effect":[87,100,121],"for":[88,101],"type.":[93],"There":[94],"was,":[95],"however,":[96],"on":[103,127],"learners\u2019":[104],"capacity":[105],"notice":[107],"accusative":[109],"inflection":[110],"in":[111,117],"Esperanto.":[112],"implications":[114],"are":[115],"discussed":[116],"terms":[118],"L1-":[123],"specific":[124],"encodings":[126],"speakers\u2019":[128],"abstract":[131],"construction.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}