{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2145102665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00864-09","title":"Evolutionary Dynamics of GII.4 Noroviruses over a 34-Year Period","display_name":"Evolutionary Dynamics of GII.4 Noroviruses over a 34-Year Period","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2145102665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00864-09","mag":"2145102665","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19759138","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2772697"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1128/jvi.00864-09","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00864-09","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00864-09","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96615428","display_name":"Journal of Virology","issn_l":"0022-538X","issn":["0022-538X","1070-6321","1098-5514"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Virology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2772697","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052281517","display_name":"Karin Bok","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karin Bok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland","Norovirus Gastroenteritis Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norovirus Gastroenteritis Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022163201","display_name":"Eugenio J. Abente","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3390-2786","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3390-2786"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eugenio J. Abente","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008670601","display_name":"Mauricio Realpe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9271-3865","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9271-3865"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mauricio Realpe-Quintero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061939943","display_name":"Tanaji Mitra","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tanaji Mitra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029397429","display_name":"Stanislav V. Sosnovtsev","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stanislav V. Sosnovtsev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111531281","display_name":"Albert Z. Kapikian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Albert Z. Kapikian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088972358","display_name":"Kim Y. Green","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8189-7352","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8189-7352"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim Y. Green","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052281517"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.7581,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":274,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99067203,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"83","issue":"22","first_page":"11890","last_page":"11901"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10976","display_name":"Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10976","display_name":"Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11135","display_name":"Virology and Viral Diseases","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gii-4-norovirus","display_name":"norovirus GII.4","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/norovirus-evolution","display_name":"norovirus evolution","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-selection","display_name":"positive selection","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/p-region","display_name":"P region","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancestral-strain","display_name":"ancestral strain","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-emergence","display_name":"viral emergence","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastroenteritis","display_name":"gastroenteritis","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.3630000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-genome-sequence","display_name":"viral genome sequence","score":0.3479999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202878990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830465","display_name":"Capsid","level":3,"score":0.9135754704475403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8712186813354492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.5651224851608276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.5419543385505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778750513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142751","display_name":"Norovirus","level":3,"score":0.5338054299354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.4616813063621521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8769409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2066554","display_name":"Viral evolution","level":4,"score":0.4562264084815979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98638677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2067051","display_name":"Mutation rate","level":3,"score":0.45072343945503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.4404575228691101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.41026774048805237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.39345604181289673}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010802","descriptor_name":"Phylogeny","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014644","descriptor_name":"Genetic Variation","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016415","descriptor_name":"Sequence Alignment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016679","descriptor_name":"Genome, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017250","descriptor_name":"Caliciviridae Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000821","qualifier_name":"virology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019143","descriptor_name":"Evolution, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020133","descriptor_name":"Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D029322","descriptor_name":"Norovirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1128/jvi.00864-09","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00864-09","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00864-09","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96615428","display_name":"Journal of Virology","issn_l":"0022-538X","issn":["0022-538X","1070-6321","1098-5514"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Virology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2772697","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2772697","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Virol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:19759138","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19759138","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of virology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2772697","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2772697","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Virol","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.7246000170707703}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W188774500","https://openalex.org/W1594034611","https://openalex.org/W1753052195","https://openalex.org/W1915699870","https://openalex.org/W1945749361","https://openalex.org/W1988912949","https://openalex.org/W2020939898","https://openalex.org/W2029531003","https://openalex.org/W2044054342","https://openalex.org/W2061274441","https://openalex.org/W2063018552","https://openalex.org/W2072846173","https://openalex.org/W2080347641","https://openalex.org/W2082008653","https://openalex.org/W2082928585","https://openalex.org/W2083226552","https://openalex.org/W2094939159","https://openalex.org/W2097121562","https://openalex.org/W2103148772","https://openalex.org/W2103546861","https://openalex.org/W2108585036","https://openalex.org/W2108639727","https://openalex.org/W2110835349","https://openalex.org/W2113585031","https://openalex.org/W2115852384","https://openalex.org/W2122305519","https://openalex.org/W2127027686","https://openalex.org/W2128541387","https://openalex.org/W2136241191","https://openalex.org/W2138634304","https://openalex.org/W2141089027","https://openalex.org/W2141220841","https://openalex.org/W2142484721","https://openalex.org/W2143334889","https://openalex.org/W2143455008","https://openalex.org/W2145719673","https://openalex.org/W2147710356","https://openalex.org/W2149855949","https://openalex.org/W2150297520","https://openalex.org/W2150885445","https://openalex.org/W2150932582","https://openalex.org/W2153432740","https://openalex.org/W2154023509","https://openalex.org/W2154605194","https://openalex.org/W2157811999","https://openalex.org/W2162062549","https://openalex.org/W2165347905","https://openalex.org/W2167033546","https://openalex.org/W2170200960","https://openalex.org/W2171001280","https://openalex.org/W4206820674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137453430","https://openalex.org/W2770501308","https://openalex.org/W4408142298","https://openalex.org/W2941351843","https://openalex.org/W2522047917","https://openalex.org/W2808852812","https://openalex.org/W2016462451","https://openalex.org/W1988912949","https://openalex.org/W2787296027","https://openalex.org/W2975003190"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Noroviruses":[0],"are":[1],"a":[2,80,102,129,200],"major":[3],"cause":[4],"of":[5,32,77,90,95,115,131,153,203,236,254,280],"epidemic":[6],"gastroenteritis":[7],"in":[8,24,65,104,140,156,165,176,208],"children":[9,59],"and":[10,12,70,110,224,244,271],"adults,":[11],"GII.4":[13,33,92,123,256,281],"has":[14,184,263],"been":[15,185,264],"the":[16,29,62,75,113,122,141,157,168,177,188,194,209,218,232,278],"predominant":[17],"genotype":[18,262],"since":[19,187],"its":[20],"first":[21],"documented":[22],"occurrence":[23],"1987.":[25],"This":[26,222],"study":[27],"examined":[28],"evolutionary":[30],"dynamics":[31],"noroviruses":[34,78,93,198,246],"over":[35],"more":[36,100,249,267],"than":[37,101,268],"three":[38,269],"decades":[39,270],"to":[40,50,112,147,196],"investigate":[41],"possible":[42],"mechanisms":[43],"by":[44,79,99],"which":[45,96,212],"these":[46],"viruses":[47],"have":[48],"emerged":[49],"become":[51],"predominant.":[52],"Stool":[53],"samples":[54],"(n":[55],"=":[56],"5,424)":[57],"from":[58,193,241],"hospitalized":[60],"at":[61,128],"Children's":[63],"Hospital":[64],"Washington,":[66],"DC,":[67],"between":[68],"1974":[69,195,243],"1991":[71],"were":[72,108,145,163],"screened":[73],"for":[74,266,277],"presence":[76],"custom":[81],"multiplex":[82],"real-time":[83],"reverse":[84],"transcription-PCR.":[85],"The":[86,190],"complete":[87],"genome":[88],"sequences":[89,114,276],"five":[91],"(three":[94],"predate":[97],"1987":[98],"decade)":[103],"this":[105,182,261],"archival":[106,255],"collection":[107],"determined":[109,120],"compared":[111,247],"contemporary":[116],"strains.":[117],"Evolutionary":[118],"analysis":[119,253,279],"that":[121,181,260],"VP1":[124,142,191],"capsid":[125,143,220],"gene":[126],"evolved":[127],"rate":[130],"4.3":[132],"x":[133],"10(-3)":[134],"nucleotide":[135],"substitutions/site/year.":[136],"Only":[137],"six":[138],"sites":[139,175],"protein":[144],"found":[146],"evolve":[148],"under":[149],"positive":[150],"selection,":[151],"most":[152],"them":[154],"located":[155],"shell":[158],"domain.":[159],"No":[160],"unique":[161,201],"mutations":[162],"observed":[164,226],"or":[166],"around":[167],"two":[169],"histoblood":[170],"group":[171],"antigen":[172],"(HBGA)":[173],"binding":[174,234],"P":[178],"region,":[179,211],"indicating":[180],"site":[183],"conserved":[186],"1970s.":[189],"proteins":[192],"1977":[197,245],"contained":[199],"sequence":[202,227],"four":[204],"consecutive":[205],"amino":[206],"acids":[207],"P2":[210],"formed":[213],"an":[214],"exposed":[215],"protrusion":[216,223],"on":[217],"modeled":[219],"structure.":[221],"other":[225],"variations":[228],"did":[229],"not":[230],"affect":[231],"HBGA":[233],"profiles":[235],"recombinant":[237],"virus-like":[238],"particles":[239],"derived":[240],"representative":[242],"with":[248],"recent":[250],"noroviruses.":[251],"Our":[252],"norovirus":[257],"strains":[258],"suggests":[259],"circulating":[265],"provides":[272],"new":[273],"ancestral":[274],"strain":[275],"evolution.":[282]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}