{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2143169331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2752/144871309x13968682695316","title":"The Challenge of System Change: An Historical Analysis of Sydney's Sewer Systems","display_name":"The Challenge of System Change: An Historical Analysis of Sydney's Sewer Systems","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2143169331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2752/144871309x13968682695316","mag":"2143169331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2752/144871309x13968682695316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2752/144871309x13968682695316","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2752/144871309x13968682695316","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174351","display_name":"Design Philosophy Papers","issn_l":"1448-7136","issn":["1448-7136"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Design Philosophy Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034516265","display_name":"Dena Fam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5549-5034","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5549-5034"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dena Fam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dena Fam is a PhD student and research assistant at the Institute of Sustainable Futures, University of Technology Sydney, with a Bachelor of Industrial Design from University of Western Sydney. Her PhD research is on how sanitation systems - understood as complex relationships between material infrastructures, resources, social actors, rules and regulations - should be designed (in the broadest sense) to contribute to sustainability in wastewater management"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dena Fam is a PhD student and research assistant at the Institute of Sustainable Futures, University of Technology Sydney, with a Bachelor of Industrial Design from University of Western Sydney. Her PhD research is on how sanitation systems - understood as complex relationships between material infrastructures, resources, social actors, rules and regulations - should be designed (in the broadest sense) to contribute to sustainability in wastewater management","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466","https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000709593","display_name":"Abby Mellick Lopes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2157-421X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2157-421X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63525965","display_name":"Western Sydney University","ror":"https://ror.org/03t52dk35","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abby Lopes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Abby Lopes is a Lecturer in Design Theory in the School of Communication Arts (and formerly in the School of Engineering) at University of Western Sydney. She has a PhD from the University of Sydney and a background in design and cultural theory and design for sustainability. Her current research interests are in irrigation futures for urban public space, image ecologies and future scenario planning"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Abby Lopes is a Lecturer in Design Theory in the School of Communication Arts (and formerly in the School of Engineering) at University of Western Sydney. She has a PhD from the University of Sydney and a background in design and cultural theory and design for sustainability. Her current research interests are in irrigation futures for urban public space, image ecologies and future scenario planning","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602","https://openalex.org/I63525965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065126237","display_name":"Juliet Willetts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3975-9642","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3975-9642"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juliet Willetts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Juliet Willetts is a Research Director at the Institute of Sustainable Futures, University of Technology Sydney where she leads consultancy research to infl uence policy and practice in sustainable water management and sanitation and in international development aid. She has a PhD from the University of NSW in Environmental Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Juliet Willetts is a Research Director at the Institute of Sustainable Futures, University of Technology Sydney where she leads consultancy research to infl uence policy and practice in sustainable water management and sanitation and in international development aid. She has a PhD from the University of NSW in Environmental Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010189516","display_name":"Cynthia A. Mitchell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9842-540X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9842-540X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","display_name":"University of Technology Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03f0f6041","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cynthia Mitchell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cynthia Mitchell is Professor of Sustainability at UTS\u2019 Institute for Sustainable Futures. She has a PhD from the University of New South Wales, an Honorary Doctorate Technology from Chalmers, Sweden, and is an Australian Learning and Teaching Council Fellow. Her practice-led work for change is based on her engineering and science training, overlaid with ideas and insights from transdisciplinarity, futures and systems thinking","UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cynthia Mitchell is Professor of Sustainability at UTS\u2019 Institute for Sustainable Futures. She has a PhD from the University of New South Wales, an Honorary Doctorate Technology from Chalmers, Sweden, and is an Australian Learning and Teaching Council Fellow. Her practice-led work for change is based on her engineering and science training, overlaid with ideas and insights from transdisciplinarity, futures and systems thinking","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114017466","https://openalex.org/I31746571"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.187,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81919574,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"195","last_page":"208"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":0.7875999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":0.7875999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14160","display_name":"Water management and technologies","score":0.1251000016927719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12248","display_name":"Water Governance and Infrastructure","score":0.025599999353289604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sewer-systems","display_name":"sewer systems","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sanitation","display_name":"sanitation","score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-change","display_name":"system change","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sydney","display_name":"Sydney","score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability","display_name":"sustainability","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-rigidity","display_name":"institutional rigidity","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-practices","display_name":"social practices","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-sanitation","display_name":"sanitation history","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"climate change","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-growth","display_name":"population growth","score":0.5559999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989469682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401207","display_name":"Change analysis","level":2,"score":0.5354891419410706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190714865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1805497","display_name":"Sanitary sewer","level":2,"score":0.45318692922592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.3521578311920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3162960708141327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.206485778093338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.16742300987243652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.09282669425010681}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2752/144871309x13968682695316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2752/144871309x13968682695316","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2752/144871309x13968682695316","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174351","display_name":"Design Philosophy Papers","issn_l":"1448-7136","issn":["1448-7136"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Design Philosophy Papers","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.lib.uts.edu.au:10453/12814","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10453/12814","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401357","display_name":"UTS ePRESS (University of Technology Sydney)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","host_organization_name":"University of Technology Sydney","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.lib.uts.edu.au:10453/158464","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10453/158464","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196279","display_name":"OPUS - Open Publications of UTS Scholars (University of Technology Sydney)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114017466","host_organization_name":"University of Technology Sydney","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114017466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"},{"score":0.7250000238418579,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7164966405","https://openalex.org/W1972647787","https://openalex.org/W2316554357","https://openalex.org/W4398229097","https://openalex.org/W4394909755","https://openalex.org/W2132006272","https://openalex.org/W4404490138","https://openalex.org/W2525318697","https://openalex.org/W2919396529","https://openalex.org/W1982702282"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"the":[1,6,19,124],"obvious":[2],"health":[3],"benefits":[4],"of":[5,11,23,35,71,80,126,131],"sanitary":[7],"revolution":[8],"and":[9,46,59,84,99,123,129],"construction":[10],"sewered":[12],"systems,":[13],"there":[14],"are":[15],"increasing":[16],"doubts":[17],"about":[18],"long":[20],"term":[21],"sustainability":[22],"centralised,":[24],"water-based":[25],"sanitation.":[26],"Growing":[27],"uncertainties":[28],"such":[29],"as":[30],"rapid":[31],"population":[32],"growth,":[33],"emergence":[34],"new":[36],"pollutants,":[37],"changing":[38],"hydrological":[39],"conditions":[40],"in":[41,62],"relation":[42],"to":[43,53,57,90],"climate":[44],"change":[45,122],"global":[47],"economic":[48],"instability":[49],"will":[50],"require":[51,87],"systems":[52,74],"be":[54],"more":[55],"open":[56],"`flexible":[58],"reflexive":[60],"approaches1":[61],"meeting":[63],"future":[64],"sanitation":[65,73,95,108],"needs.":[66],"The":[67],"highly":[68],"inflexible":[69],"nature":[70],"existing":[72],"burdened":[75],"with":[76,105],"over":[77,116],"a":[78,117],"century":[79,118],"capital":[81],"infrastructure":[82],"investment":[83],"assets":[85],"that":[86],"30-50":[88],"years":[89],"pay":[91],"back,":[92],"make":[93],"centralised":[94],"both":[96],"economically":[97],"unsustainable":[98],"institutionally":[100],"rigid.":[101],"Social":[102],"practices":[103],"associated":[104],"water":[106],"borne":[107],"have":[109],"been":[110],"embedded":[111],"within":[112],"western":[113],"society":[114],"for":[115],"making":[119],"`radical\u00ef\u00bd":[120],"system":[121],"introduction":[125],"alternative":[127],"technologies":[128],"habits":[130],"practice":[132],"challenging.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}