{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2143038482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002187580200693x","title":"Modeling, Diagramming, and Early Twentieth-Century Histories of Invention and Entrepreneurship: Henry Ford, Sherwood Anderson, Samuel Insull","display_name":"Modeling, Diagramming, and Early Twentieth-Century Histories of Invention and Entrepreneurship: Henry Ford, Sherwood Anderson, Samuel Insull","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2143038482","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002187580200693x","mag":"2143038482"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s002187580200693x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002187580200693x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002187580200693x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35553882","display_name":"Journal of American Studies","issn_l":"0021-8758","issn":["0021-8758","1469-5154"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of American Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072186767","display_name":"Jeffory A. Clymer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"JEFFORY A. CLYMER","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072186767"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.35683098,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"3","first_page":"491","last_page":"512"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13641","display_name":"Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis","score":0.5166000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13641","display_name":"Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis","score":0.5166000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13025","display_name":"American History and Culture","score":0.350600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.035999998450279236,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-making","display_name":"model making","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagramming","display_name":"diagramming","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/henry-ford","display_name":"Henry Ford","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sherwood-anderson","display_name":"Sherwood Anderson","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inventions","display_name":"inventions","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurship","display_name":"entrepreneurship","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assembly-line","display_name":"assembly line","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/division-of-labor","display_name":"division of labor","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrialization","display_name":"industrialization","score":0.4359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complexity","display_name":"complexity","score":0.3370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"urbanization","score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immigration","display_name":"immigration","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-society","display_name":"American society","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-and-society","display_name":"technology and society","score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-history-of-technology","display_name":"cultural history of technology","score":0.4009999930858612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.6251453757286072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.49498695135116577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C994546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207449","display_name":"Division of labour","level":2,"score":0.44982239603996277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3429318368434906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.34111660718917847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2284110188484192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.2264798879623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.22528108954429626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.21335318684577942}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s002187580200693x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002187580200693x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s002187580200693x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S35553882","display_name":"Journal of American Studies","issn_l":"0021-8758","issn":["0021-8758","1469-5154"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of American Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976116892","https://openalex.org/W2329779510","https://openalex.org/W2589012543","https://openalex.org/W2988368846","https://openalex.org/W4375906506","https://openalex.org/W4404141647","https://openalex.org/W4378604025","https://openalex.org/W2466826531","https://openalex.org/W4375845951","https://openalex.org/W2594532448"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"historical":[1],"narrative":[2],"arguing":[3],"that":[4,223],"independent":[5],"artisans":[6],"were":[7,50,193],"increasingly":[8],"transformed":[9],"into":[10],"mere":[11],"tenders":[12],"of":[13,20,31,60,70,83,107,118,149,182,189,198,209,247,264],"complicated":[14],"machinery":[15],"during":[16],"the":[17,21,34,57,81,105,108,115,141,147,157,161,175,187,196,199,244,253,261,269],"second":[18],"half":[19,143],"nineteenth":[22],"century,":[23,110],"leading":[24],"ultimately":[25],"to":[26,77,123,129,145,156,160,164,204],"Henry":[27],"Ford's":[28],"minute":[29],"division":[30,69],"labor":[32],"in":[33,177,202,260,268],"assembly":[35],"line,":[36],"is":[37],"both":[38,155,210],"conventional":[39],"and":[40,56,75,98,120,159,173,191,212,216,249,258,266],"well":[41],"known.":[42],"Technology":[43],"became":[44,72],"more":[45,97,99],"complex,":[46],"its":[47],"inner":[48],"workings":[49],"less":[51],"self-evident":[52],"or":[53,89],"easily":[54],"comprehensible,":[55],"material":[58],"conditions":[59],"production,":[61],"exemplified":[62],"by":[63],"modern":[64],"factories":[65],"built":[66],"around":[67],"a":[68,84,133,205,229,239],"labor,":[71],"too":[73,127],"large":[74,184,230],"systematic":[76],"be":[78,124,130],"understood":[79,131],"from":[80,132],"viewpoint":[82],"single":[85,134],"worker":[86],"selling":[87],"his":[88],"her":[90],"labor.":[91],"And,":[92],"while":[93],"industry":[94],"was":[95,256],"imagined":[96,257],"as":[100,126,167],"an":[101,168,235],"intricate":[102],"system":[103],"at":[104,195],"turn":[106,197],"twentieth":[109,200,271],"American":[111,213],"society,":[112],"analogously,":[113],"under":[114],"increasing":[116],"pressure":[117],"urbanization":[119],"immigration,":[121],"came":[122],"regarded":[125],"complex":[128,240],"viewpoint.":[135],"Expos\u00e9s,":[136],"for":[137,238],"instance,":[138],"on":[139],"\u201chow":[140],"other":[142],"lives,\u201d":[144],"quote":[146],"title":[148],"Jacob":[150],"Riis's":[151],"famous":[152],"book,":[153],"attest":[154],"yearning":[158],"perceived":[162,206],"inability":[163],"understand":[165,243],"society":[166],"entirety.":[169],"This":[170],"article":[171],"suggests":[172],"examines":[174],"ways":[176,254],"which":[178],"two":[179],"older":[180],"forms":[181],"imagining":[183],"systems,":[185],"specifically,":[186],"methods":[188],"model-making":[190],"diagramming,":[192],"rearticulated":[194],"century":[201],"response":[203],"greater":[207],"complexity":[208],"technology":[211],"society.":[214],"Models":[215],"diagrams":[217],"are":[218],"necessary":[219],"when":[220],"it":[221],"seems":[222],"one":[224],"can":[225],"no":[226],"longer":[227],"envision":[228],"system;":[231],"they":[232],"literally":[233],"provide":[234],"imaginative":[236],"site":[237],"system.":[241],"To":[242],"social":[245],"roles":[246],"diagramming":[248],"model-making,":[250],"I":[251],"detail":[252],"each":[255],"deployed":[259],"cultural":[262],"history":[263],"invention":[265],"entrepreneurship":[267],"early":[270],"century.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}