{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2142038985","doi":null,"title":"Programming in a robotics context in the kindergarten classroom: The impact on sequencing skills.","display_name":"Programming in a robotics context in the kindergarten classroom: The impact on sequencing skills.","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2142038985","mag":"2142038985"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2142038985","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ase.tufts.edu/DevTech/publications/JEMH.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764406208","display_name":"Journal of educational multimedia and hypermedia","issn_l":"1055-8896","issn":["1055-8896","1943-5916"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of educational multimedia and hypermedia","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012028819","display_name":"Elizabeth R. Kazakoff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0417-6516","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0417-6516"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth R. Kazakoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tufts University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tufts University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065897333","display_name":"Marina Umaschi Bers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0206-1846","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0206-1846"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marina Umaschi Bers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tufts University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0206-1846","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tufts University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.1228,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":165,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98153788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"4","first_page":"371","last_page":"391"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14335","display_name":"Educational Robotics and Engineering","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10589","display_name":"Early Childhood Education and Development","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tangible-programming","display_name":"tangible programming","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot-programming","display_name":"robot programming","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-childhood-education","display_name":"early childhood education","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kindergarten","display_name":"kindergarten","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class-size","display_name":"class size","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-education","display_name":"programming education","score":0.36500000953674316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6149677038192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5819577574729919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5043429136276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.46986517310142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4694642126560211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34413123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170978","display_name":"Robotics","level":3,"score":0.45692136883735657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.4513418674468994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102959455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313954","display_name":"Repeated measures design","level":2,"score":0.43016114830970764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36852866411209106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26156681776046753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20625239610671997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10953304171562195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2142038985","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ase.tufts.edu/DevTech/publications/JEMH.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764406208","display_name":"Journal of educational multimedia and hypermedia","issn_l":"1055-8896","issn":["1055-8896","1943-5916"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of educational multimedia and hypermedia","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9901999831199646,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W59784980","https://openalex.org/W69849792","https://openalex.org/W91951819","https://openalex.org/W93399870","https://openalex.org/W137717046","https://openalex.org/W658578143","https://openalex.org/W1509056154","https://openalex.org/W1519728818","https://openalex.org/W1521788137","https://openalex.org/W1542958360","https://openalex.org/W1547426584","https://openalex.org/W1547918285","https://openalex.org/W1580725936","https://openalex.org/W1588389486","https://openalex.org/W1593410469","https://openalex.org/W1604092587","https://openalex.org/W1606308705","https://openalex.org/W1630772279","https://openalex.org/W1801611184","https://openalex.org/W1815090327","https://openalex.org/W1882516009","https://openalex.org/W1897442729","https://openalex.org/W1925952283","https://openalex.org/W1973287994","https://openalex.org/W1975758945","https://openalex.org/W1976358345","https://openalex.org/W1988199405","https://openalex.org/W1990060255","https://openalex.org/W1990084144","https://openalex.org/W1997791568","https://openalex.org/W2003400000","https://openalex.org/W2012183384","https://openalex.org/W2016317714","https://openalex.org/W2022812092","https://openalex.org/W2038409011","https://openalex.org/W2047471122","https://openalex.org/W2057574485","https://openalex.org/W2061530583","https://openalex.org/W2063357535","https://openalex.org/W2063555610","https://openalex.org/W2066253721","https://openalex.org/W2066359474","https://openalex.org/W2067422021","https://openalex.org/W2078628736","https://openalex.org/W2084944215","https://openalex.org/W2091135905","https://openalex.org/W2092083194","https://openalex.org/W2097000295","https://openalex.org/W2097844336","https://openalex.org/W2100953056","https://openalex.org/W2110595762","https://openalex.org/W2112957339","https://openalex.org/W2129655023","https://openalex.org/W2129813073","https://openalex.org/W2134261190","https://openalex.org/W2140271179","https://openalex.org/W2148362298","https://openalex.org/W2166353773","https://openalex.org/W2169458998","https://openalex.org/W2172097278","https://openalex.org/W2185404009","https://openalex.org/W2235476366","https://openalex.org/W2325949546","https://openalex.org/W2343904477","https://openalex.org/W2345495256","https://openalex.org/W2419191065","https://openalex.org/W2553165969","https://openalex.org/W2762993067","https://openalex.org/W2801549003","https://openalex.org/W2904955407","https://openalex.org/W2979007686","https://openalex.org/W3000199908","https://openalex.org/W4233188495","https://openalex.org/W4250073672","https://openalex.org/W4250631484","https://openalex.org/W4254539339"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2110670045","https://openalex.org/W2115087102","https://openalex.org/W4220665300","https://openalex.org/W3098508937","https://openalex.org/W2917764237","https://openalex.org/W4416427953","https://openalex.org/W2922220019","https://openalex.org/W4293809469","https://openalex.org/W2036041771","https://openalex.org/W7172513853"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"this":[0,48],"paper":[1],"examines":[2],"the":[3,16,38,65,74,77,80,98,104,150],"impact":[4],"of":[5,7,111],"programming":[6,123,131],"robots":[8],"on":[9],"sequencing":[10,20,143,156],"ability":[11],"in":[12,37,44,52,76,97,121],"early":[13],"childhood":[14],"and":[15,24,29,61,93,148,158,175,196],"relationship":[17],"be":[18],"tween":[19],"skills,":[21],"class":[22,59,192],"size,":[23,193],"teachers\u2019":[25,62],"comfort":[26,198],"lev":[27],"el":[28],"experience":[30],"with":[31,64,200],"technology.":[32,201],"fifty-eight":[33],"children":[34,41],"par":[35],"ticipated":[36],"study;":[39],"54":[40,141],"were":[42,88,101,145,181],"included":[43],"data":[45],"anal":[46],"ysis.":[47],"study":[49],"was":[50,170],"conducted":[51],"two":[53],"different":[54],"school":[55,85,184],"envi":[56],"ronments,":[57],"where":[58],"size":[60],"experiences":[63],"technology":[66,75],"use":[67],"varied":[68],"\u2013":[69],"one":[70],"teacher":[71,82,194,197],"had":[72,83],"used":[73],"prior":[78],"year;":[79],"other":[81],"not.":[84],"environ":[86],"ments":[87],"further":[89],"subdivided":[90],"into":[91,190],"control":[92],"experimental":[94,99],"groups.":[95],"Children":[96,119],"group":[100,173],"exposed":[102],"to":[103,135],"t":[105],"angibleK":[106],"program":[107,136],"for":[108,183],"a":[109,126,137,153,161],"period":[110],"20":[112],"hours,":[113],"taught":[114],"by":[115],"their":[116],"classroom":[117],"teacher.":[118],"participated":[120],"computer":[122],"activities":[124],"using":[125,152,160],"developmentally":[127],"appropri":[128],"ate":[129],"tangible":[130],"language,":[132],"specifically":[133],"designed":[134],"robot\u2019s":[138],"behavior.":[139],"all":[140],"participants\u2019":[142],"skills":[144],"assessed":[146],"before":[147],"after":[149],"intervention":[151],"picture":[154],"story":[155],"task":[157],"analyzed":[159],"repeated":[162],"measures,":[163],"2x2x2":[164],"design":[165],"ANOVA.":[166],"A":[167],"significant":[168,179],"interaction":[169],"found":[171,182],"between":[172],"assignment":[174],"test":[176],"results.":[177],"no":[178],"interactions":[180],"assignment.":[185],"results":[186],"are":[187],"discussed":[188],"taking":[189],"account":[191],"experience,":[195],"level":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}