{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2142015397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/fro.0.0002","title":"Contemporary Women\u2019s Roles through Hmong, Vietnamese, and American Eyes","display_name":"Contemporary Women\u2019s Roles through Hmong, Vietnamese, and American Eyes","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2142015397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/fro.0.0002","mag":"2142015397"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/fro.0.0002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/fro.0.0002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/fro.0.0002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203252","display_name":"Frontiers A Journal of Women Studies","issn_l":"0160-9009","issn":["0160-9009","1536-0334"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320162","host_organization_name":"University of Nebraska Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320162"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Nebraska Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006460169","display_name":"Lisa A. Long","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lisa A. Long","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006460169"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":25.5226,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99166771,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12323","display_name":"Asian American and Pacific Histories","score":0.7523999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12323","display_name":"Asian American and Pacific Histories","score":0.7523999810218811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13802","display_name":"Vietnamese History and Culture Studies","score":0.08110000193119049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11648","display_name":"Diaspora, migration, transnational identity","score":0.0697999969124794,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hmong-women","display_name":"Hmong women","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vietnamese-women","display_name":"Vietnamese women","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-roles","display_name":"gender roles","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vietnam-war","display_name":"Vietnam War","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vietnamese-american-women","display_name":"Vietnamese American women","score":0.5789999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation-of-women","display_name":"representation of women","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diaspora","display_name":"diaspora","score":0.44999998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feminism","display_name":"feminism","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transnationalism","display_name":"transnationalism","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/southeast-asian-women","display_name":"Southeast Asian women","score":0.32199999690055847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103621254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9199","display_name":"Vietnamese","level":2,"score":0.9533951282501221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117731710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177266","display_name":"Militarism","level":3,"score":0.6967890858650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.6506879329681396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54589662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8740","display_name":"Vietnam War","level":2,"score":0.5614895820617676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.4989280700683594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778611045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133004","display_name":"Diaspora","level":2,"score":0.4715072214603424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.45411279797554016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.44095703959465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.43806225061416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70036468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131288","display_name":"Immigration","level":2,"score":0.4300498962402344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.38032329082489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.331332266330719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.3281319737434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2713269591331482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11592823266983032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/fro.0.0002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/fro.0.0002","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/fro.0.0002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210203252","display_name":"Frontiers A Journal of Women Studies","issn_l":"0160-9009","issn":["0160-9009","1536-0334"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320162","host_organization_name":"University of Nebraska Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320162"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Nebraska Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muse.jhu.edu:/article/236334","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/236334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196299","display_name":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.9444000124931335},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7307999730110168}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.699999988079071}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W560243521","https://openalex.org/W596965088","https://openalex.org/W599537595","https://openalex.org/W619341553","https://openalex.org/W620729504","https://openalex.org/W622650482","https://openalex.org/W637306354","https://openalex.org/W659611029","https://openalex.org/W1529553784","https://openalex.org/W1540444204","https://openalex.org/W1590556438","https://openalex.org/W1901323835","https://openalex.org/W1967083891","https://openalex.org/W1976553440","https://openalex.org/W1984792156","https://openalex.org/W2002378391","https://openalex.org/W2012192772","https://openalex.org/W2037755765","https://openalex.org/W2180018916","https://openalex.org/W2255135392","https://openalex.org/W2320628249","https://openalex.org/W2327452468","https://openalex.org/W2405865701","https://openalex.org/W2489518746","https://openalex.org/W2619702434","https://openalex.org/W3143575930","https://openalex.org/W3162251612","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W68233133","https://openalex.org/W582416907","https://openalex.org/W4249793055","https://openalex.org/W2122115308","https://openalex.org/W2807016046","https://openalex.org/W4408825541","https://openalex.org/W4242834439","https://openalex.org/W2243131607","https://openalex.org/W4212852424","https://openalex.org/W2595223967"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Contemporary":[0,316],"Women\u2019s":[1,248],"Roles":[2],"through":[3,33,106,358],"Hmong,":[4,71],"Vietnamese,":[5,345],"and":[6,18,23,77,92,104,127,156,188,194,197,210,238,244,297,307,325,332,340,346,487,506,543,603,610,620,630,650,661,676],"American":[7,209,212,259,304,368,394,444,497,642],"Eyes":[8,295],"Lisa":[9],"A.":[10],"Long":[11],"(bio)":[12],"For":[13],"many":[14,56,597],"Americans,":[15],"Southeast":[16,125,350],"Asia":[17,126],"its":[19],"inhabitants\u2014particularly":[20],"the":[21,29,34,37,41,55,66,70,107,117,128,160,163,205,230,234,246,276,310,314,338,359,364,367,377,411,422,447,454,488,511,517,541,544,553,560,576,608,611,652,659,662,666],"Vietnamese":[22,45,192,208,226,231,247,258,397,435,512,542,589,609,663],"transnational":[24],"ethnic":[25],"groups":[26,636],"such":[27,385],"as":[28,51,95,372,437,461,570,580,637,669],"Hmong\u2014become":[30],"visible":[31],"only":[32,52,525],"lens":[35],"of":[36,54,97,102,109,141,151,162,186,202,207,220,229,257,272,279,286,343,349,363,370,407,414,439,446,478,491,516,634,640,673],"Vietnam":[38,164,277,365,569],"War.":[39,165],"At":[40],"same":[42,653],"time,":[43],"contemporary":[44,177,440],"tend":[46],"to":[47,81,116,175,200,300,392,471,484,527,539,552,615,622,665],"see":[48,632],"that":[49,399,475,523],"war":[50,91],"one":[53],"imperialist":[57],"conflicts":[58],"in":[59,75,124,135,159,180,191,204,233,251,261,281,330,376,381,426,433,453,473,482,546,583],"which":[60,173],"they":[61,550],"have":[62,131],"been":[63,132],"engaged":[64],"for":[65,521,549],"past":[67],"millennium.1":[68],"And":[69,508,606],"with":[72,253,403],"traditional":[73],"roots":[74],"agriculture":[76],"no":[78,404],"national":[79],"ties":[80],"speak":[82],"of,":[83],"hold":[84],"an":[85,98],"even":[86,509],"longer":[87],"view,":[88],"seeing":[89],"this":[90,181,215,547,674],"subsequent":[93],"migrations":[94],"part":[96],"ancient":[99],"four-thousand-year-old":[100],"history":[101],"conflict":[103,675],"flight":[105],"highlands":[108],"modern":[110],"China,":[111],"Vietnam,":[112],"Laos,":[113],"Thailand\u2014and":[114],"now":[115],"United":[118,129,554,667],"States.":[119],"Not":[120],"surprisingly,":[121],"gender":[122,353],"roles":[123],"States":[130,555,668],"profoundly":[133],"shaped":[134,500],"both":[136,476,635,658],"cultures":[137,619],"by":[138,289,302,321,501],"these":[139,169,415],"traditions":[140],"invasion,":[142],"resistance,":[143],"and,":[144],"often,":[145],"flight.":[146],"A":[147],"complex,":[148],"diasporic":[149],"confluence":[150],"political":[152],"history,":[153],"militarism,":[154],"immigration,":[155],"feminism":[157],"emerged":[158],"wake":[161],"To":[166,214,383],"tease":[167],"out":[168],"delicate":[170],"global":[171],"intersections,":[172],"continue":[174],"shape":[176],"women\u2019s":[178,352],"lives,":[179],"paper":[182],"I":[183,217,269,449,519],"explore":[184],"representations":[185,201,271],"Viet":[187,221],"Hmong":[189,211,273,290,303,322,326,347,545,598,612,660],"women":[190,203,222,274,305],"publications":[193,395,436,479],"public":[195],"spaces":[196],"compare":[198,298],"them":[199,299,428,629],"writings":[206],"women.":[213],"end,":[216],"pair":[218,540],"images":[219],"culled":[223],"from":[224,245,309,568,592,600],"two":[225],"publications,":[227],"Images":[228],"Woman":[232],"New":[235],"Millennium":[236],"(2002)":[237,324],"Female":[239],"Labour":[240],"Migration:":[241],"Rural-Urban":[242],"(2001),":[243],"Museum":[249,278,380],"housed":[250],"Hanoi":[252],"Lan":[254,645],"Cao\u2019s":[255],"negotiations":[256],"womanhood":[260],"her":[262],"novel,":[263],"Monkey":[264],"Bridge":[265],"(1997).":[266],"As":[267],"well,":[268],"examine":[270],"at":[275,574,651],"Ethnology":[280],"Hanoi,":[282],"specifically":[283],"a":[284,386,431,601,670],"book":[285],"photographic":[287],"essays":[288],"girls":[291],"titled":[292],"Through":[293],"H\u2019Mong":[294],"(2003),":[296],"selections":[301],"writers":[306],"story-tellers":[308],"anthologies":[311],"Bamboo":[312],"among":[313],"Oaks:":[315],"Writing":[317],"[End":[318],"Page":[319],"1]":[320],"Americans":[323,623],"Means":[327],"Free:":[328],"Life":[329],"Laos":[331],"America":[333],"(1994).":[334],"This":[335],"essay":[336],"questions":[337],"ethical":[339],"practical":[341],"ends":[342],"Western,":[344],"considerations":[348],"Asian":[351],"roles,":[354],"especially":[355],"when":[356],"viewed":[357],"sometimes":[360,613],"totalizing":[361],"grip":[362],"War\u2014or":[366],"War":[369,378],"Aggression,":[371],"it":[373,389,468],"is":[374,390,469],"called":[375],"Remnants":[379],"Saigon.":[382],"pursue":[384],"comparative":[387],"analysis,":[388],"necessary":[391],"place":[393],"alongside":[396],"texts":[398,417,445,498,513],"are":[400,480,499,514,677],"often":[401],"multiauthored\u2014sometimes":[402],"clear":[405],"sense":[406],"individual":[408,463],"attribution.":[409],"While":[410],"communal":[412],"nature":[413],"latter":[416],"might":[418,535],"reflect":[419],"cultural":[420,502],"traditions,":[421,503],"powerful":[423],"state\u2019s":[424],"role":[425],"shaping":[427],"also":[429,529,536],"presents":[430],"challenge":[432],"reading":[434],"sources":[438],"reality.":[441],"In":[442],"contrast,":[443],"sort":[448],"analyze":[450],"here,":[451],"produced":[452],"relatively":[455],"freer":[456],"West,":[457],"can":[458],"be":[459],"read":[460,520],"authentic,":[462],"cris":[464],"de":[465],"coeur.":[466],"Yet":[467],"important":[470],"keep":[472],"mind":[474],"types":[477],"crafted":[481],"response":[483],"audience":[485],"expectations":[486],"unique":[489],"demands":[490],"their":[492,617],"respective":[493],"publishing":[494],"enterprises.":[495],"The":[496],"gendered":[504],"expectations,":[505],"economics.":[507],"though":[510],"products":[515],"state,":[518],"moments":[522],"not":[524,626],"submit":[526],"but":[528],"strain":[530],"against":[531],"state":[532],"orthodoxy.":[533],"It":[534],"seem":[537],"impolitic":[538],"essay,":[548],"came":[551,664],"under":[556],"very":[557],"different":[558],"circumstances:":[559],"former,":[561],"almost":[562],"immediately":[563],"after":[564],"US":[565],"troop":[566],"withdrawal":[567],"officially":[571],"acknowledged":[572],"compatriots":[573],"war;":[575],"latter,":[577],"somewhat":[578],"later":[579],"unacknowledged":[581],"fighters":[582],"covert":[584],"Laotian":[585],"operations.":[586],"Many":[587],"southern":[588],"immigrants":[590],"come":[591],"educated,":[593],"urban":[594],"backgrounds,":[595],"while":[596],"emerge":[599],"rural":[602],"oral":[604],"culture.":[605],"yet":[607],"struggle":[614],"convey":[616],"distinct":[618],"histories":[621],"who":[624],"do":[625],"distinguish":[627],"between":[628],"may":[631],"members":[633],"painful":[638],"reminders":[639],"failed":[641],"military":[643],"might\u2014as":[644],"Cao":[646],"puts":[647],"it,":[648],"\u201cinvisible":[649],"time":[654],"awfully":[655],"conspicuous.\u201d2":[656],"Nevertheless,":[657],"direct":[671],"result":[672],"associated":[678],"in...":[679]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}