{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2140803983","doi":null,"title":"Integrated weed management in garlic","display_name":"Integrated weed management in garlic","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2140803983","mag":"2140803983"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2140803983","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:ijws&volume=45&issue=2&article=012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764448922","display_name":"Indian Journal of Weed Science","issn_l":"0253-8040","issn":["0253-8040","0974-8164"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324113251","host_organization_name":"Indian Society of Weed science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324113251"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Indian Society of Weed science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Weed Science","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100427666","display_name":"Suresh S. Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5013-358X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5013-358X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suresh Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0505-7554","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028252381","display_name":"S.S. Rana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3663-0181","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3663-0181"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S.S. Rana","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3663-0181","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089792684","display_name":"Navell Chander","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navell Chander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101984662","display_name":"Neelam Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5200-7330","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5200-7330"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neelam Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5200-7330","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7241,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72097309,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"2","first_page":"126","last_page":"130"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10774","display_name":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12058","display_name":"Allelopathy and phytotoxic interactions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11180","display_name":"Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-weed-management","display_name":"integrated weed management","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garlic","display_name":"garlic","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicides","display_name":"herbicides","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hand-weeding","display_name":"hand weeding","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pendimethalin","display_name":"pendimethalin","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trifluralin","display_name":"trifluralin","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metolachlor","display_name":"metolachlor","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weed-density","display_name":"weed density","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bulb-yield","display_name":"bulb yield","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marginal-benefit-cost-ratio","display_name":"marginal benefit cost ratio","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phalaris-minor","display_name":"Phalaris minor","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alopecurus-myosuroides","display_name":"Alopecurus myosuroides","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronopus-didymus","display_name":"Coronopus didymus","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poa-annua","display_name":"Poa annua","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stellaria-media","display_name":"Stellaria media","score":0.9959999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778302866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423895","display_name":"Pendimethalin","level":3,"score":0.9872645139694214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778787149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409598","display_name":"Metolachlor","level":4,"score":0.8852590322494507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147273371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2739141","display_name":"Weed control","level":2,"score":0.7566568851470947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775888576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3696206","display_name":"Phalaris minor","level":3,"score":0.749060332775116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.573006272315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775891814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101879","display_name":"Weed","level":2,"score":0.5566714406013489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.527574896812439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.4927809536457062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113578266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131303","display_name":"Loam","level":3,"score":0.47701096534729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776425178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418247","display_name":"Trifluralin","level":3,"score":0.42091408371925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3042011260986328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161176658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131656","display_name":"Pesticide","level":2,"score":0.07426157593727112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779595939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408652","display_name":"Atrazine","level":3,"score":0.06857931613922119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2140803983","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:ijws&volume=45&issue=2&article=012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764448922","display_name":"Indian Journal of Weed Science","issn_l":"0253-8040","issn":["0253-8040","0974-8164"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324113251","host_organization_name":"Indian Society of Weed science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324113251"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Indian Society of Weed science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Indian Journal of Weed Science","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.991100013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"display_name":"Life on land","score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W262475332","https://openalex.org/W270799642","https://openalex.org/W2068190765","https://openalex.org/W2224906956","https://openalex.org/W2285650370","https://openalex.org/W2331149061"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4383269809","https://openalex.org/W2992452039","https://openalex.org/W2784030529","https://openalex.org/W2026239149","https://openalex.org/W262475332","https://openalex.org/W2967711364","https://openalex.org/W2977930963","https://openalex.org/W2224906956","https://openalex.org/W2258493930","https://openalex.org/W3090752961"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Four":[0],"herbicides":[1],"(oxyflurofen":[2],"0.25":[3],"kg/ha,":[4,7],"pendimethalin":[5,98,100,120,158,190,208,229],"1.50":[6,9,13,85],"trifluralin":[8],"kg/ha":[10,86,231],"and":[11,19,43,54,81,99,121,140,149,186,191,212],"metachlor":[12],"kg/ha)":[14],"at":[15,20,56],"recommended":[16,24],"rates":[17,25],"alone":[18],"half":[21,116],"of":[22,76,91,108,112,118,128,204],"the":[23,65,89,106,219,226],"integrated":[26,150],"with":[27,33,115,168],"one":[28],"hand":[29,34,96,102,113,160,171,175,194,210,215],"weeding":[30,35,103,114,176,211],"were":[31,64,155],"compared":[32],"30,":[36],"60,":[37],"90":[38],"days":[39],"after":[40],"planting":[41],"(DAP)":[42],"untreated":[44],"check":[45],"in":[46,72,124],"silty":[47],"clay":[48],"loam":[49],"soil":[50],"during":[51],"Rabi":[52],"2008\u201309":[53],"2009\u201310":[55],"Palampur.":[57],"Phalaris":[58],"minor":[59],"followed":[60,188,206],"by":[61,189,207,223],"Avena":[62],"ludoviciana":[63],"predominant":[66],"associated":[67],"weeds.":[68],"All":[69],"treatments":[70],"resulted":[71,123],"significantly":[73,125],"lower":[74],"density":[75,90,107],"Phalais":[77],"minor,":[78],"Alopecurous":[79],"myosuroides":[80],"Coronopus":[82],"didymus.":[83],"Metolachlor":[84,94],"effectively":[87,104],"reduced":[88,105,218],"Poa":[92],"annua.":[93],"+":[95,101,159,170,174,193,209,214,232],"weeding,":[97],"Stellaria":[109],"media.":[110],"Integration":[111],"dose":[117,134],"oxyflourfen,":[119],"metolachlor":[122,192,213],"higher":[126,133],"yield":[127,222],"garlic":[129,220],"than":[130],"their":[131],"respective":[132],"alone.":[135],"Weed":[136],"index":[137,143,147,153,164],"was":[138,166,187],"lowest":[139],"weed":[141,151,183],"management":[142,146,152],"(WMI),":[144],"agronomic":[145],"(AMI)":[148],"(IWMI)":[154],"highest":[156,167,178,198],"under":[157],"weeding.":[161,172,195,216],"Herbicide":[162],"efficiency":[163],"(HEI)":[165],"oxyflourfen":[169],"Pendimethalin":[173,196],"gave":[177,197],"net":[179],"return":[180],"due":[181],"to":[182],"control":[184],"(NRwc)":[185],"marginal":[199],"benefit":[200],"cost":[201],"ratio":[202],"(MBCR)":[203],"40.7":[205],"Weeds":[217],"bulb":[221],"72.5%":[224],"over":[225],"best":[227],"treatment":[228],"0.75":[230],"HW.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}