{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2140409019","doi":null,"title":"Speech Recognition using SVMs","display_name":"Speech Recognition using SVMs","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2140409019","mag":"2140409019"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.19.9229","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.19.9229","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/Groups/NIPS/NIPS2001/papers/psgz/SP02.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Nathan D. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6868-8513","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6868-8513"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan D. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Cambridge University Engineering Dept, Cambridge, U.K]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6868-8513","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Cambridge University Engineering Dept, Cambridge, U.K]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050766679","display_name":"Mark Gales","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5311-8219","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5311-8219"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Gales","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Cambridge University Engineering Dept, Cambridge, U.K]"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5311-8219","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Cambridge University Engineering Dept, Cambridge, U.K]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5394,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":168,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9704394,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"1197","last_page":"1204"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"speech recognition","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-length-sequences","display_name":"variable-length sequences","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fisher-score","display_name":"Fisher score","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-models","display_name":"generative models","score":0.7409999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6155494451522827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6022941470146179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5993019342422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207798031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8563425","display_name":"Fisher kernel","level":5,"score":0.5930261611938477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5828982591629028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83282275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7435350","display_name":"Scoring algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5394952893257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.5155472755432129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.49880480766296387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4426247477531433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.39380407333374023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2486392855644226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.13048523664474487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181367576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6394184","display_name":"Kernel Fisher discriminant analysis","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.19.9229","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.19.9229","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/Groups/NIPS/NIPS2001/papers/psgz/SP02.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.21.912","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.21.912","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://svr-www.eng.cam.ac.uk/~mjfg/svm_NIPS01.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:generic.eprints.org:328513","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.eng.cam.ac.uk/328513/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922847","display_name":"Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"},{"id":"mag:2140409019","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://papers.nips.cc/paper/2001/file/d8330f857a17c53d217014ee776bfd50-Paper.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363606243","display_name":"neural information processing systems","issn_l":"1049-5258","issn":["1049-5258"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Neural Information Processing Systems","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W99660681","https://openalex.org/W1495616333","https://openalex.org/W1549656520","https://openalex.org/W1576520375","https://openalex.org/W1846690939","https://openalex.org/W1966297316","https://openalex.org/W2106868411","https://openalex.org/W2107109500","https://openalex.org/W2112048832","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2166473218"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2041462379","https://openalex.org/W2395544453","https://openalex.org/W6959817911","https://openalex.org/W2348161465","https://openalex.org/W2100982643","https://openalex.org/W7097642461","https://openalex.org/W7098265380","https://openalex.org/W2471683978","https://openalex.org/W2153849757","https://openalex.org/W2159549127"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"important":[1],"issue":[2],"in":[3],"applying":[4],"SVMs":[5],"to":[6,12,21,70],"speech":[7],"recognition":[8],"is":[9,38],"the":[10,31,42,54,57,63,67,75,93,98],"ability":[11],"classify":[13],"variable":[14,28],"length":[15,29],"sequences.":[16],"This":[17],"paper":[18],"presents":[19],"extensions":[20],"a":[22,87],"standard":[23,102],"scheme":[24],"for":[25],"handling":[26],"this":[27,49],"data,":[30],"Fisher":[32,58,99],"score.":[33,59],"A":[34],"more":[35],"discriminatory":[36],"mapping":[37,50,78,95],"introduced":[39],"based":[40],"on":[41,86],"likelihood-ratio.":[43],"The":[44,77],"score-space":[45],"de":[46],"ned":[47],"by":[48],"avoids":[51],"some":[52],"of":[53,66],"problems":[55],"with":[56],"It":[60],"also":[61],"allows":[62],"discriminative":[64],"power":[65],"generative":[68],"models":[69],"be":[71],"directly":[72],"incorporated":[73],"into":[74],"score-space.":[76],"schemes,":[79,83],"and":[80,101],"appropriate":[81],"normalisation":[82],"are":[84],"evaluated":[85],"speaker-independent":[88],"isolated":[89],"letter":[90],"task":[91],"where":[92],"new":[94],"outperforms":[96],"both":[97],"score":[100],"HMMs.":[103]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}