{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2140294959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.65.3.539","title":"Delayed Initiation of SS1 Pulses in the Sea Anemone Calliactis Parasitica: Evidence for A Fourth Conducting System","display_name":"Delayed Initiation of SS1 Pulses in the Sea Anemone Calliactis Parasitica: Evidence for A Fourth Conducting System","publication_year":1976,"publication_date":"1976-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2140294959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.65.3.539","mag":"2140294959","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14219"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1242/jeb.65.3.539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.65.3.539","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.65.3.539","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20257348","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","issn_l":"0022-0949","issn":["0022-0949","1477-9145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311847","host_organization_name":"The Company of Biologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311847"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Company of Biologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007447386","display_name":"Alexander Jackson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16835326","display_name":"University of St Andrews","ror":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. J. Jackson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of St Andrews Gatty Marine Laboratory and Department of Zoology , , Fife, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of St Andrews Gatty Marine Laboratory and Department of Zoology , , Fife, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"I. D. McFarlane","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16835326","display_name":"University of St Andrews","ror":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. D. McFarlane","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of St Andrews Gatty Marine Laboratory and Department of Zoology , , Fife, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of St Andrews Gatty Marine Laboratory and Department of Zoology , , Fife, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4073,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78805707,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"3","first_page":"539","last_page":"552"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12142","display_name":"Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12142","display_name":"Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12813","display_name":"Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12841","display_name":"Echinoderm biology and ecology","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calliactis-parasitica","display_name":"Calliactis parasitica","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-anemone","display_name":"sea anemone","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pacemaker-activity","display_name":"pacemaker activity","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nerve-net","display_name":"nerve net","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mesogloea","display_name":"mesogloea","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-stimulation","display_name":"electrical stimulation","score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-bursts","display_name":"burst pulses","score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tentacles","display_name":"tentacles","score":0.38199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedal-disc","display_name":"pedal disc","score":0.7739999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.7537809610366821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780167933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1550652","display_name":"Pulse (music)","level":3,"score":0.6808264255523682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778089062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147256","display_name":"Sea anemone","level":2,"score":0.5955116152763367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.46147915720939636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4337786138057709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3531545400619507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.25663256645202637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.08327043056488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003063","descriptor_name":"Cnidaria","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004558","descriptor_name":"Electric Stimulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004707","descriptor_name":"Endoderm","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009415","descriptor_name":"Nerve Net","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009424","descriptor_name":"Nervous System Physiological Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009431","descriptor_name":"Neural Conduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010614","descriptor_name":"Pharynx","qualifier_ui":"Q000294","qualifier_name":"innervation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011312","descriptor_name":"Pressure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012615","descriptor_name":"Sea Anemones","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012615","descriptor_name":"Sea Anemones","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1242/jeb.65.3.539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.65.3.539","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.65.3.539","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20257348","display_name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","issn_l":"0022-0949","issn":["0022-0949","1477-9145"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311847","host_organization_name":"The Company of Biologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311847"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The Company of Biologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Experimental Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:14219","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of experimental biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.578.7804","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.578.7804","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://jeb.biologists.org/content/65/3/539.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W271075330","https://openalex.org/W1811334563","https://openalex.org/W1843112133","https://openalex.org/W1945697895","https://openalex.org/W1985805443","https://openalex.org/W1997671745","https://openalex.org/W2062374137","https://openalex.org/W2064851094","https://openalex.org/W2100926610","https://openalex.org/W2105284499","https://openalex.org/W2118455316","https://openalex.org/W2124794299","https://openalex.org/W2129055021","https://openalex.org/W2135300598","https://openalex.org/W2155756021","https://openalex.org/W2165368781","https://openalex.org/W2170595111","https://openalex.org/W2279045924","https://openalex.org/W2318365226","https://openalex.org/W2340436064","https://openalex.org/W2412167512","https://openalex.org/W2464072293","https://openalex.org/W2760128856","https://openalex.org/W2998490351","https://openalex.org/W3023216978","https://openalex.org/W4301153086"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099238475","https://openalex.org/W2165368781","https://openalex.org/W2126124858","https://openalex.org/W2135300598","https://openalex.org/W2118455316","https://openalex.org/W2105284499","https://openalex.org/W1937329195","https://openalex.org/W271075330","https://openalex.org/W2129055021","https://openalex.org/W414074806"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"1.":[0],"Single":[1],"electrical":[2],"shocks":[3],"to":[4,37,129,187],"the":[5,15,21,38,61,68,71,84,89,91,99,107,125,130,158,161,177,184,188,234,246],"column":[6],"sometimes":[7],"elicit":[8],"a":[9,49,118,146],"series":[10],"of":[11,52,60,70,86,88,101,127,132,134,233,248,258],"1-6":[12],"pulses":[13,33,94,137,220,249],"in":[14,35,106,176,228,245,251,255],"SS1":[16,40,63,93,136,199,219],"(ectodermal":[17],"slow":[18],"system)":[19],"but":[20,103,240],"first":[22],"pulse":[23,41,113,166,200],"does":[24],"not":[25,96],"appear":[26],"until":[27],"5-28":[28],"s":[29],"after":[30],"stimulation.":[31],"These":[32],"occur":[34],"addition":[36],"early":[39],"which":[42,47],"follows":[43],"every":[44],"shock":[45],"and":[46,80,168,209,227,238,254],"has":[48],"conduction":[50],"delay":[51,167],"less":[53],"than":[54,212],"1":[55],"s.":[56],"2.":[57],"The":[58,112,122,153,164,179,192],"threshold":[59],"delayed":[62,92,135],"response":[64],"is":[65,138],"different":[66],"from":[67,124,173,202,214],"thresholds":[69],"three":[72],"known":[73],"conducting":[74,148],"systems":[75],"(through-conducting":[76],"nerve":[77,190],"net,":[78],"SS1,":[79],"SS2).":[81],"3.":[82],"In":[83],"case":[85],"stimulation":[87,102,128,232],"column,":[90],"do":[95],"arise":[97],"at":[98],"point":[100,126],"probably":[104],"originate":[105],"tentacles":[108],"or":[109],"upper":[110],"column.":[111],"origin":[114,133],"can":[115,221],"shift":[116],"during":[117],"single":[119],"burst.":[120],"4.":[121],"pathway":[123,144],"site":[131,257],"endodermal.":[139],"We":[140],"propose":[141],"that":[142],"this":[143],"represents":[145],"fourth":[147],"system":[149],"(Delayed":[150],"Initiation":[151],"System--DIS).":[152],"DIS":[154,180,193],"must":[155],"connect,":[156],"across":[157],"mesogloea,":[159],"with":[160],"ectodermal":[162],"SS1.":[163],"long":[165],"repetitive":[169],"firing":[170],"may":[171,194],"derive":[172],"pacemaker":[174],"activity":[175],"DIS.":[178],"pacemakers":[181,185],"closely":[182],"resemble":[183],"connected":[186],"through-conducting":[189],"net.":[191],"be":[195,223],"neuronal.":[196],"5.":[197],"Delayed":[198,218],"bursts":[201],"unattached":[203],"anemones":[204],"showed":[205],"an":[206],"earlier":[207],"onset,":[208],"more":[210],"pulses/burst,":[211],"those":[213],"attached":[215],"anemones.":[216],"6.":[217],"also":[222],"evoked":[224],"by":[225],"electrical,":[226],"some":[229],"cases":[230],"mechanical,":[231],"pedal":[235],"disc,":[236],"tentacles,":[237],"pharynx,":[239],"there":[241],"are":[242],"regional":[243],"differences":[244],"number":[247],"evoked,":[250],"their":[252,256],"delay,":[253],"origin.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
