{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2140054073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1360674308002700","title":"Fricated realisations of /t/ in Dublin and Middlesbrough English: an acoustic analysis of plosive frication and surface fricative contrasts","display_name":"Fricated realisations of /t/ in Dublin and Middlesbrough English: an acoustic analysis of plosive frication and surface fricative contrasts","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2140054073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1360674308002700","mag":"2140054073"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1360674308002700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1360674308002700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1360674308002700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120542032","display_name":"English Language and Linguistics","issn_l":"1360-6743","issn":["1360-6743","1469-4379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"English Language and Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103333331","display_name":"Mark J. Jones","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MARK J. JONES","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Linguistics, University of Cambridge, Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DA","Department of Linguistics, University of Cambridge, Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DA, UK mjj13@cam.ac.uk"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Linguistics, University of Cambridge, Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Linguistics, University of Cambridge, Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DA, UK mjj13@cam.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033203037","display_name":"Carmen Caravaca Llamas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5501-5520","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5501-5520"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"CARMEN LLAMAS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Language & Linguistic Science, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD","Department of Language and Linguistic Science,  University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK,  cl558@york.ac.uk"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Language & Linguistic Science, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Language and Linguistic Science,  University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK,  cl558@york.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8136,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87644843,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"3","first_page":"419","last_page":"443"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11640","display_name":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","score":0.006899999920278788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12768","display_name":"Linguistics and language evolution","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-phonetics","display_name":"acoustic phonetics","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phonetic-variation","display_name":"phonetic variation","score":0.5049999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779462738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146409","display_name":"Realisation","level":2,"score":0.791141152381897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.518538773059845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779808786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6664603","display_name":"Locality","level":2,"score":0.4787715971469879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780623531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9142","display_name":"Irish","level":2,"score":0.4418164789676666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4373759329319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.35943618416786194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.3538253903388977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19381290674209595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16086345911026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.08275666832923889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s1360674308002700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1360674308002700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1360674308002700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S120542032","display_name":"English Language and Linguistics","issn_l":"1360-6743","issn":["1360-6743","1469-4379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"English Language and Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W45022259","https://openalex.org/W228804211","https://openalex.org/W650587148","https://openalex.org/W659550629","https://openalex.org/W1509714061","https://openalex.org/W1520106435","https://openalex.org/W1528915771","https://openalex.org/W1554833531","https://openalex.org/W1572105959","https://openalex.org/W1586445707","https://openalex.org/W1593110808","https://openalex.org/W1598851216","https://openalex.org/W1605065360","https://openalex.org/W1608275534","https://openalex.org/W1620114617","https://openalex.org/W1886441109","https://openalex.org/W1915802638","https://openalex.org/W1967980708","https://openalex.org/W1973120570","https://openalex.org/W1990215468","https://openalex.org/W1994463350","https://openalex.org/W2000982178","https://openalex.org/W2005469835","https://openalex.org/W2013583388","https://openalex.org/W2034890123","https://openalex.org/W2042713215","https://openalex.org/W2050814744","https://openalex.org/W2052293304","https://openalex.org/W2068201797","https://openalex.org/W2087202975","https://openalex.org/W2093741841","https://openalex.org/W2117574732","https://openalex.org/W2127894216","https://openalex.org/W2131969869","https://openalex.org/W2135024746","https://openalex.org/W2138636261","https://openalex.org/W2154800596","https://openalex.org/W2167018121","https://openalex.org/W2169879729","https://openalex.org/W2289074721","https://openalex.org/W2329206500","https://openalex.org/W2341310183","https://openalex.org/W2430599167","https://openalex.org/W2474596759","https://openalex.org/W2488841843","https://openalex.org/W2490853896","https://openalex.org/W2508587408","https://openalex.org/W2901253614","https://openalex.org/W2916201009","https://openalex.org/W2939141192","https://openalex.org/W2989603794","https://openalex.org/W4232420801","https://openalex.org/W4238920341","https://openalex.org/W4252859491","https://openalex.org/W4254080224","https://openalex.org/W4388167562","https://openalex.org/W4388400684"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1886441109","https://openalex.org/W7099936512","https://openalex.org/W7100005334","https://openalex.org/W2322368436","https://openalex.org/W4213228622","https://openalex.org/W4206691645","https://openalex.org/W2028599441","https://openalex.org/W2411245994","https://openalex.org/W7100593411","https://openalex.org/W4327494392"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,35,74],"frication":[1,66],"of":[2,25,28,62,65,76,85,111,132],"the":[3,22,42,49,63,105,109,130],"voiceless":[4],"plosives":[5,59],"/p,t,k/":[6],"in":[7,11,18,48,60,121],"word-final":[8],"intervocalic":[9],"position":[10],"Dublin":[12],"and":[13,21,67,88],"Middlesbrough":[14,122],"English":[15,123],"is":[16,40,89,101,124],"examined":[17],"controlled":[19],"data,":[20],"acoustic":[23],"characteristics":[24],"fricated":[26,47,77,119],"realisations":[27],"/t/":[29,39,78,120],"are":[30,37],"compared":[31],"with":[32],"other":[33,58,86,94],"fricatives.":[34],"findings":[36],"that":[38,84,118],"not":[41,102],"only":[43],"plosive":[44],"to":[45,55,135],"be":[46],"data":[50,112],"sample,":[51],"but":[52,100],"does":[53],"appear":[54],"differ":[56],"from":[57,83,93,129],"terms":[61],"regularity":[64],"its":[68],"nongradient":[69],"character":[70],"for":[71],"some":[72],"subjects.":[73],"realisation":[75],"at":[79,97],"both":[80],"localities":[81],"differs":[82],"fricatives,":[87],"probably":[90],"perceptually":[91],"distinct":[92],"fricative":[95],"contrasts":[96],"each":[98],"locality,":[99],"identical":[103],"across":[104],"two":[106],"localities.":[107],"On":[108],"basis":[110],"presented":[113],"here,":[114],"it":[115],"appears":[116],"unlikely":[117],"a":[125],"direct":[126],"transfer":[127],"effect":[128],"language":[131],"Irish":[133],"immigrants":[134],"Middlesbrough.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
