{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139789488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-6196(11)64617-x","title":"Effects of 4 Hand-Drying Methods for Removing Bacteria From Washed Hands: A Randomized Trial","display_name":"Effects of 4 Hand-Drying Methods for Removing Bacteria From Washed Hands: A Randomized Trial","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139789488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-6196(11)64617-x","mag":"2139789488","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10907386"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(11)64617-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-6196(11)64617-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-6196(11)64617-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58241369","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings","issn_l":"0025-6196","issn":["0025-6196","1942-5546"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039161706","display_name":"Daniel R. Gustafson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"DANIEL R. GUSTAFSON","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070241501","display_name":"Emily A. Vetter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"EMILY A. VETTER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007359838","display_name":"Dirk R. Larson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2970-2124","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2970-2124"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"DIRK R. LARSON","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113521903","display_name":"Duane M. Ilstrup","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"DUANE M. ILSTRUP","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089721164","display_name":"Myron D. Maker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MYRON D. MAKER","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infection Control, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infection Control, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111793498","display_name":"Rodney L. Thompson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"RODNEY L. THOMPSON","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028896212","display_name":"Franklin R. Cockerill","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"FRANKLIN R. COCKERILL","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028896212"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"],"apc_list":{"value":3900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.19201273,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":"7","first_page":"705","last_page":"708"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11000","display_name":"Infection Control in Healthcare","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11000","display_name":"Infection Control in Healthcare","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11957","display_name":"Food Safety and Hygiene","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11080","display_name":"Surgical site infection prevention","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hand-drying","display_name":"hand drying","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hand-hygiene","display_name":"hand hygiene","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-removal","display_name":"bacterial removal","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/micrococcus-luteus","display_name":"Micrococcus luteus","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paper-towels","display_name":"paper towels","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hand-dryers","display_name":"hand dryers","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-drying","display_name":"air drying","score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/handwashing","display_name":"hand washing","score":0.421999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7171937227249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994463342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q354341","display_name":"Bacterial colony","level":3,"score":0.7104503512382507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.652529239654541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776683811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q142000","display_name":"Micrococcus luteus","level":4,"score":0.6459554433822632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192285135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954757","display_name":"Colony-forming unit","level":3,"score":0.4911598861217499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.4278448820114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12440529465675354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779489039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188121","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000388","descriptor_name":"Air","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003890","descriptor_name":"Desiccation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006225","descriptor_name":"Hand","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006235","descriptor_name":"Hand Disinfection","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010209","descriptor_name":"Paper","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010865","descriptor_name":"Pilot Projects","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012915","descriptor_name":"Soaps","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013784","descriptor_name":"Textiles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015169","descriptor_name":"Colony Count, Microbial","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016982","descriptor_name":"Micrococcus luteus","qualifier_ui":"Q000254","qualifier_name":"growth & development","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018709","descriptor_name":"Statistics, Nonparametric","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(11)64617-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-6196(11)64617-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0025-6196(11)64617-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58241369","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings","issn_l":"0025-6196","issn":["0025-6196","1942-5546"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.4065/75.7.705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4065/75.7.705","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4065/75.7.705","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S58241369","display_name":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings","issn_l":"0025-6196","issn":["0025-6196","1942-5546"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mayo Clinic Proceedings","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10907386","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10907386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mayo Clinic proceedings","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500268664","https://openalex.org/W1632824920","https://openalex.org/W1910770017","https://openalex.org/W1929976809","https://openalex.org/W2000063180","https://openalex.org/W2009322444","https://openalex.org/W2031734477","https://openalex.org/W2037124948","https://openalex.org/W2040165922","https://openalex.org/W2041414132","https://openalex.org/W2059707463","https://openalex.org/W2070543037","https://openalex.org/W2072720851","https://openalex.org/W2075206434","https://openalex.org/W2076616398","https://openalex.org/W2087056125","https://openalex.org/W2092674703","https://openalex.org/W2095845300","https://openalex.org/W2107031757","https://openalex.org/W2139091639","https://openalex.org/W2325343629","https://openalex.org/W2342068835","https://openalex.org/W2344291619","https://openalex.org/W2407547460","https://openalex.org/W3016230452","https://openalex.org/W3040692681","https://openalex.org/W3204913287","https://openalex.org/W4300869678"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2975057573","https://openalex.org/W2594028698","https://openalex.org/W151845255","https://openalex.org/W2119301690","https://openalex.org/W2038888267","https://openalex.org/W3081568842","https://openalex.org/W2102477854","https://openalex.org/W3098026734","https://openalex.org/W2888672336","https://openalex.org/W2075206434"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}