{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139598234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002796040001006","title":"A Conjunctural Model of Political Conflict","display_name":"A Conjunctural Model of Political Conflict","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139598234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002796040001006","mag":"2139598234"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0022002796040001006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002796040001006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002796040001006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20177303","display_name":"Journal of Conflict Resolution","issn_l":"0022-0027","issn":["0022-0027","1552-8766"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Conflict Resolution","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010617973","display_name":"Kurt Schock","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kurt Schock","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Ohio State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Ohio State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010617973"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.0205,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":151,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98696376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"1","first_page":"98","last_page":"133"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10994","display_name":"Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11823","display_name":"Natural Resources and Economic Development","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-violence","display_name":"political violence","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/violent-political-conflict","display_name":"violent political conflict","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-inequality","display_name":"economic inequality","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-opportunity-structure","display_name":"political opportunity structure","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-inequality","display_name":"income inequality","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class-exploitation","display_name":"class exploitation","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regime-structure","display_name":"regime structure","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-institutionalization","display_name":"political institutionalization","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-inequality","display_name":"ethnic inequality","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weak-states","display_name":"weak states","score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grievances","display_name":"grievances","score":0.35600000619888306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.7792111039161682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.6034399271011353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777593458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q766875","display_name":"Ethnic conflict","level":3,"score":0.5979387760162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.5896992683410645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777162435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399774","display_name":"Political violence","level":3,"score":0.5836411714553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164429055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2070165","display_name":"Institutionalisation","level":2,"score":0.5067382454872131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513380476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5055020","display_name":"Economic inequality","level":3,"score":0.499387264251709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31168002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1667430","display_name":"International political economy","level":3,"score":0.4555548131465912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.44083172082901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.40287473797798157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.37396132946014404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3584817945957184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3078552484512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.09180474281311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0022002796040001006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002796040001006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002796040001006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S20177303","display_name":"Journal of Conflict Resolution","issn_l":"0022-0027","issn":["0022-0027","1552-8766"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Conflict Resolution","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:jocore:v:40:y:1996:i:1:p:98-133","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0022002796040001006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7578999996185303}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty","score":0.6299999952316284}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W91331802","https://openalex.org/W102515776","https://openalex.org/W166705791","https://openalex.org/W629790476","https://openalex.org/W1491068112","https://openalex.org/W1537476747","https://openalex.org/W1602093747","https://openalex.org/W1899803986","https://openalex.org/W1968388836","https://openalex.org/W1974025052","https://openalex.org/W1978046113","https://openalex.org/W1978831089","https://openalex.org/W1984641596","https://openalex.org/W1987750222","https://openalex.org/W1991316220","https://openalex.org/W1995648574","https://openalex.org/W2012499232","https://openalex.org/W2014993976","https://openalex.org/W2023777287","https://openalex.org/W2029546596","https://openalex.org/W2032498967","https://openalex.org/W2038631063","https://openalex.org/W2038814024","https://openalex.org/W2047665426","https://openalex.org/W2050487970","https://openalex.org/W2051402239","https://openalex.org/W2051733957","https://openalex.org/W2052902767","https://openalex.org/W2070678757","https://openalex.org/W2076694310","https://openalex.org/W2080075359","https://openalex.org/W2091597360","https://openalex.org/W2094736317","https://openalex.org/W2107992979","https://openalex.org/W2119369529","https://openalex.org/W2134041435","https://openalex.org/W2137621052","https://openalex.org/W2141974747","https://openalex.org/W2144062506","https://openalex.org/W2155658333","https://openalex.org/W2167835051","https://openalex.org/W2311639559","https://openalex.org/W2316354684","https://openalex.org/W2318419499","https://openalex.org/W2320650493","https://openalex.org/W2321083733","https://openalex.org/W2324027803","https://openalex.org/W2324327454","https://openalex.org/W2324798429","https://openalex.org/W2325046010","https://openalex.org/W2326115861","https://openalex.org/W2326788321","https://openalex.org/W2328296029","https://openalex.org/W2328660183","https://openalex.org/W2328907763","https://openalex.org/W2329321644","https://openalex.org/W2410551230","https://openalex.org/W2504519278","https://openalex.org/W2582985779","https://openalex.org/W2586374772","https://openalex.org/W2606590711","https://openalex.org/W2797016104","https://openalex.org/W4205632234","https://openalex.org/W4214677623","https://openalex.org/W4237017711","https://openalex.org/W4238213136","https://openalex.org/W4241302642","https://openalex.org/W4242758770","https://openalex.org/W4243416436","https://openalex.org/W4245832283","https://openalex.org/W4246337428","https://openalex.org/W4254590794","https://openalex.org/W4298411172","https://openalex.org/W4298538080"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2892656508","https://openalex.org/W4282025667","https://openalex.org/W1537476747","https://openalex.org/W7005846669","https://openalex.org/W6943768150","https://openalex.org/W2135334821","https://openalex.org/W2404031035","https://openalex.org/W2006023143","https://openalex.org/W3170922683","https://openalex.org/W7204435305"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Violent":[0],"political":[1,14,39,44,60,67,78,89,102,116,124,129],"conflict":[2,117],"has":[3],"typically":[4],"been":[5],"studied":[6],"either":[7],"from":[8],"an":[9],"economic":[10,32,57,85],"discontent":[11],"or":[12],"a":[13,20],"opportunity":[15,79,130],"framework.":[16],"This":[17],"study":[18],"proposes":[19],"conjunctural":[21,74],"model,":[22],"which":[23],"hypothesizes":[24],"that":[25,77,128],"the":[26,54,73,82,92],"production":[27],"of":[28,95,111],"grievances":[29],"due":[30],"to":[31,41,144],"inequality":[33,58,86,97],"varies":[34],"systematically":[35],"and":[36,59,62,87,98,123],"interacts":[37],"with":[38],"opportunities":[40],"generate":[42],"violent":[43,88,115],"conflict.":[45,90],"Using":[46],"multiple":[47],"regression":[48],"analysis,":[49],"this":[50],"cross-national":[51],"research":[52],"examines":[53],"interaction":[55],"between":[56,84],"opportunities,":[61],"their":[63],"direct":[64],"effects":[65,94],"on":[66,101,114],"violence.":[68],"Findings":[69,126],"provide":[70],"support":[71],"for":[72,137],"model":[75],"propositions":[76],"structures":[80,131],"moderate":[81],"relationship":[83],"Specifically,":[91],"positive":[93],"income":[96],"separatist":[99],"potential":[100],"violence":[103],"are":[104],"enhanced":[105],"in":[106,134,140],"weak":[107],"states.":[108],"The":[109],"impact":[110],"class":[112,141],"exploitation":[113],"is":[118],"moderated":[119],"by":[120],"regime":[121],"structure":[122],"institutionalization.":[125],"suggest":[127],"may":[132],"operate":[133],"different":[135],"ways":[136],"challenges":[138],"rooted":[139],"as":[142],"opposed":[143],"ethnic":[145],"inequalities.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}