{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139502469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1981.4287782","title":"Strategies in Rater Training,","display_name":"Strategies in Rater Training,","publication_year":1981,"publication_date":"1981-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139502469","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1981.4287782","mag":"2139502469"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5465/amr.1981.4287782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1981.4287782","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1981.4287782","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S46763546","display_name":"Academy of Management Review","issn_l":"0363-7425","issn":["0363-7425","1930-3807"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","utd24","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316266","host_organization_name":"Academy of Management","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316266"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Management"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academy of Management Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031770468","display_name":"H. John Bernardin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. John Bernardin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004491755","display_name":"Michael Ronald Buckley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3713-3347","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3713-3347"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Ronald Buckley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University U.S. General Accounting Office","#N#2Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University U.S. General Accounting Office"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University U.S. General Accounting Office","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#2Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University U.S. General Accounting Office","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4961,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":278,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9611856,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":"205","last_page":"212"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13309","display_name":"Reliability and Agreement in Measurement","score":0.47999998927116394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13309","display_name":"Reliability and Agreement in Measurement","score":0.47999998927116394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11994","display_name":"Human Resource Development and Performance Evaluation","score":0.3806000053882599,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13580","display_name":"Management and Performance Evaluation","score":0.02710000053048134,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rater-training","display_name":"rater training","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-evaluation-human-resources","display_name":"performance evaluation (human resources)","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rating-distribution","display_name":"rating distribution","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rater-agreement","display_name":"rater agreement","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diary-keeping","display_name":"diary writing","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observational-skills","display_name":"observation skills","score":0.8410000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6820798516273499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.6165706515312195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.5776896476745605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.5688202381134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5396786332130432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777873905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430184","display_name":"Performance appraisal","level":2,"score":0.49472424387931824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74992021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184876","display_name":"Frame of reference","level":2,"score":0.4676707983016968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.4326431453227997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.33890247344970703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.32728880643844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.32482391595840454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2460182011127472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.1519675850868225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1220417320728302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5465/amr.1981.4287782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1981.4287782","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1981.4287782","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S46763546","display_name":"Academy of Management Review","issn_l":"0363-7425","issn":["0363-7425","1930-3807"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","utd24","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316266","host_organization_name":"Academy of Management","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316266"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Management"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academy of Management Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4156000018119812}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.4699999988079071}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488837022","https://openalex.org/W1517701247","https://openalex.org/W1550621568","https://openalex.org/W1573135555","https://openalex.org/W1587176274","https://openalex.org/W1964081594","https://openalex.org/W1965488127","https://openalex.org/W1977587349","https://openalex.org/W1980762573","https://openalex.org/W1983911949","https://openalex.org/W1984716187","https://openalex.org/W2000688038","https://openalex.org/W2003235874","https://openalex.org/W2003267282","https://openalex.org/W2010077716","https://openalex.org/W2012091713","https://openalex.org/W2025575373","https://openalex.org/W2031876449","https://openalex.org/W2031881023","https://openalex.org/W2033465225","https://openalex.org/W2035504278","https://openalex.org/W2040194573","https://openalex.org/W2041030500","https://openalex.org/W2052988905","https://openalex.org/W2053289766","https://openalex.org/W2055538565","https://openalex.org/W2091231730","https://openalex.org/W2098688395","https://openalex.org/W2108494000","https://openalex.org/W2162211065","https://openalex.org/W2313496586"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W651654995","https://openalex.org/W2321539100","https://openalex.org/W2034476431","https://openalex.org/W2974606506","https://openalex.org/W228205013","https://openalex.org/W2152988415","https://openalex.org/W3041368868","https://openalex.org/W2078331370","https://openalex.org/W2153881322","https://openalex.org/W285318851"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1],"no":[2],"evidence":[3],"to":[4,11,45,59,72],"support":[5],"the":[6,50],"belief":[7],"that":[8],"training":[9,21,39,71],"raters":[10],"change":[12],"rating":[13],"distributions":[14],"will":[15],"increase":[16,46,73],"accuracy":[17],"or":[18],"validity.":[19],"Such":[20],"may":[22],"merely":[23],"promote":[24],"a":[25,34,53],"temporary":[26],"and":[27,68],"situation-specific":[28],"response":[29],"set.":[30],"We":[31],"call":[32],"for":[33],"new":[35],"emphasis":[36],"in":[37],"rater":[38,55,74],"programs":[40],"on:":[41],"(1)":[42],"diary-keeping":[43],"procedures":[44],"observational":[47],"skills;":[48],"(2)":[49],"establishment":[51],"of":[52,57],"common":[54],"frame":[56],"reference":[58],"enhance":[60],"agreement":[61],"on":[62],"what":[63],"constitutes":[64],"effective":[65],"job":[66],"performance;":[67],"(3)":[69],"mastery-based":[70],"self-efficacy":[75],"regarding":[76],"negative":[77],"appraisal":[78],"situations.":[79]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}