{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139485871","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400002183","title":"The Virtual Design Team: Modeling organizational behavior of concurrent design teams","display_name":"The Virtual Design Team: Modeling organizational behavior of concurrent design teams","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139485871","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400002183","mag":"2139485871"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0890060400002183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400002183","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400002183","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193102","display_name":"Artificial intelligence for engineering design analysis and manufacturing","issn_l":"0890-0604","issn":["0890-0604","1469-1760"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023969203","display_name":"Yan Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6502-5837","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6502-5837"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4020, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4020, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033475439","display_name":"Raymond Elliot Levitt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8222-6967","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8222-6967"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raymond E. Levitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4020, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4020, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044139638","display_name":"Tore R. Christiansen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188703460","display_name":"DNV (Norway)","ror":"https://ror.org/04c235406","country_code":"NO","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188703460"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tore R. Christiansen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Det Norske Veritas Research AS, Vertasveien 1, N-1322 Hovik, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Det Norske Veritas Research AS, Vertasveien 1, N-1322 Hovik, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188703460"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109802514","display_name":"John Kunz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John C. Kunz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4020, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4020, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9329,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93135935,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":"145","last_page":"158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11729","display_name":"Product Development and Customization","score":0.7109000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11729","display_name":"Product Development and Customization","score":0.7109000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10970","display_name":"Team Dynamics and Performance","score":0.21040000021457672,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.01489999983459711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrent-engineering","display_name":"concurrent engineering","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-design-team","display_name":"virtual design teams","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-simulation","display_name":"computer simulation","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-coordination","display_name":"design coordination","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-duration-prediction","display_name":"project duration prediction","score":0.796999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78382760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2288649","display_name":"Concurrent engineering","level":3,"score":0.9315170645713806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.6500779390335083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34972735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920267","display_name":"Engineering design process","level":2,"score":0.5434234142303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.52468341588974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.4742416739463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4637969136238098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19351080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395034","display_name":"New product development","level":2,"score":0.46289411187171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120823896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1043226","display_name":"Product design","level":3,"score":0.4608340859413147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91485673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5264371","display_name":"Design review (U.S. government)","level":3,"score":0.4460412859916687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777205345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1454317","display_name":"Project team","level":2,"score":0.44375649094581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.43596577644348145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156812175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3318170","display_name":"Organizational architecture","level":2,"score":0.43325936794281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4056554436683655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3778340816497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3636784553527832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3554980158805847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.14467719197273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526771534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247798","display_name":"Product testing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0890060400002183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400002183","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400002183","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193102","display_name":"Artificial intelligence for engineering design analysis and manufacturing","issn_l":"0890-0604","issn":["0890-0604","1469-1760"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4099999964237213},{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332717","display_name":"Center for Integrated Facility Engineering, Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15047419","https://openalex.org/W604434611","https://openalex.org/W1506018624","https://openalex.org/W1555155702","https://openalex.org/W1574176258","https://openalex.org/W1578960547","https://openalex.org/W1593208101","https://openalex.org/W1965278510","https://openalex.org/W1983177532","https://openalex.org/W1991917559","https://openalex.org/W1996087270","https://openalex.org/W2003934805","https://openalex.org/W2056000453","https://openalex.org/W2058192317","https://openalex.org/W2093705991","https://openalex.org/W2099433791","https://openalex.org/W2144180851","https://openalex.org/W2154700690","https://openalex.org/W2316297489","https://openalex.org/W2322226161","https://openalex.org/W2333347221","https://openalex.org/W2791822998","https://openalex.org/W2970657937","https://openalex.org/W4234482624","https://openalex.org/W4242016886","https://openalex.org/W6634666184"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072836160","https://openalex.org/W2020137727","https://openalex.org/W1965929929","https://openalex.org/W2161053476","https://openalex.org/W2345434246","https://openalex.org/W6110813","https://openalex.org/W580159560","https://openalex.org/W2185701645","https://openalex.org/W2048545655","https://openalex.org/W7096192077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Concurrent":[1],"engineering":[2,75,133,188],"is":[3,24,136,211],"a":[4,63,119,137],"systematic":[5,126],"approach":[6,23,229],"to":[7,26,33,76,95,98,117,123,182,220,230],"the":[8,15,28,31,38,100,111,125,163,191,197,222,225,232],"integrated,":[9],"concurrent":[10,74,105,132,236],"design":[11,65,69,84,127,145,165,173,237],"of":[12,18,37,128,144,162,215,224,235],"products":[13],"and":[14,20,50,67,86,150,152,157,166,172,190,201,213],"related":[16],"processes":[17],"manufacturing":[19],"support.":[21],"This":[22],"intended":[25],"cause":[27],"developers,":[29],"from":[30,42,199],"outset,":[32],"consider":[34],"all":[35],"elements":[36],"product":[39,87],"life":[40],"cycle":[41],"concept":[43],"through":[44],"disposal,":[45],"including":[46],"quality,":[47],"cost,":[48,171],"schedule,":[49],"user":[51],"requirements.":[52],"To":[53],"achieve":[54],"successful":[55],"concurrent-engineering":[56,209],"design,":[57],"one":[58],"needs":[59],"an":[60],"integrated":[61],"framework,":[62],"well-organized":[64],"team,":[66],"adequate":[68],"tools.":[70],"The":[71,107,204],"research":[72,109],"on":[73,80,110],"date":[77],"has":[78,92,179],"focused":[79],"developing":[81,96],"communication":[82],"infrastructure,":[83],"tools,":[85],"data":[88],"representations.":[89],"Little":[90],"attention":[91],"been":[93,180],"paid":[94],"tools":[97],"address":[99],"organizational":[101,233],"issues":[102],"involved":[103],"in":[104],"engineering.":[106],"authors\u2019":[108],"Virtual":[112,226],"Design":[113,227],"Team":[114,228],"(VDT)":[115],"attempts":[116],"develop":[118],"computerized":[120],"analysis":[121],"tool":[122],"sup-port":[124],"organization":[129,153],"structures":[130],"for":[131,207],"projects.":[134],"VDT":[135,178,205,216],"computer":[138],"simulation":[139],"system.":[140],"It":[141],"takes":[142],"descriptions":[143],"tasks,":[146],"actors":[147],"(i.e.,":[148],"designers":[149],"managers),":[151],"structure":[154],"as":[155,176],"input,":[156],"produces":[158],"predicted":[159],"historical":[160],"records":[161],"actors\u2019":[164],"coordination":[167],"behavior,":[168],"project":[169,202],"du-ration,":[170],"process":[174],"quality":[175],"output.":[177],"applied":[181],"model":[183],"more":[184],"than":[185],"ten":[186],"realistic":[187],"projects,":[189],"results":[192],"are":[193,218],"qualitatively":[194],"consistent":[195],"with":[196],"predictions":[198],"theory":[200],"managers.":[203],"framework":[206],"modeling":[208,231],"teams":[210],"described,":[212],"examples":[214],"applications":[217],"presented":[219],"demonstrate":[221],"effectiveness":[223],"behavior":[234],"teams.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
