{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139391506","doi":null,"title":"Voluntary Provision of Public Goods: Experimental Results with Interior Nash Equilibria","display_name":"Voluntary Provision of Public Goods: Experimental Results with Interior Nash Equilibria","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139391506","mag":"2139391506"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2139391506","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://people.virginia.edu/~cah2k/quadhbk.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053856720","display_name":"Susan K. Laury","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan K. Laury","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034397357","display_name":"Charles A. Holt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7282-0185","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7282-0185"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles A. Holt","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7282-0185","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"792","last_page":"801"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10646","display_name":"Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13825","display_name":"Economic Policies and Impacts","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10991","display_name":"Game Theory and Voting Systems","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voluntary-contributions","display_name":"voluntary contributions","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-goods","display_name":"public goods","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary-equilibrium","display_name":"boundary equilibrium","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-riding","display_name":"free-riding","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dominant-strategy","display_name":"dominant strategy","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endowments","display_name":"endowments","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-size","display_name":"group size","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-effects","display_name":"information effects","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-making-errors","display_name":"decision errors","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experimental-design","display_name":"experimental design","score":0.414000004529953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46814582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23389","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","level":2,"score":0.8465452194213867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162222271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92779871","display_name":"Public good","level":2,"score":0.7096076607704163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.7089691162109375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141824439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q307521","display_name":"Epsilon-equilibrium","level":4,"score":0.6563748121261597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22349654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039354","display_name":"Risk dominance","level":5,"score":0.655195951461792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.6012467741966248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72273685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1673101","display_name":"Public goods game","level":3,"score":0.5753021240234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22171661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074380","display_name":"Stochastic game","level":2,"score":0.5309253334999084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93979843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7661306","display_name":"Symmetric equilibrium","level":5,"score":0.5260167717933655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32407928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2733833","display_name":"Best response","level":3,"score":0.5170724987983704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5149927735328674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164407509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5384490","display_name":"Equilibrium selection","level":4,"score":0.4596324861049652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163630976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964667","display_name":"Correlated equilibrium","level":5,"score":0.4548500180244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16946829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1039525","display_name":"Trembling hand perfect equilibrium","level":5,"score":0.42056751251220703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3559141755104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.262641966342926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.20458590984344482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202556891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1584646","display_name":"Repeated game","level":3,"score":0.14763137698173523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.07635185122489929}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2139391506","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://people.virginia.edu/~cah2k/quadhbk.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3122689917","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ideas.repec.org/h/eee/expchp/6-84.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216364","display_name":"Handbook of experimental economics results","issn_l":"1574-0722","issn":["1574-0722"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Handbook of experimental economics results","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:expchp:6-84","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B7P5N-4SYS65G-3D/2/1d2419aac62625c941a4028fed97b8d2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"book"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6499999761581421,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513359403","https://openalex.org/W1561828791","https://openalex.org/W1586208727","https://openalex.org/W1976988190","https://openalex.org/W1985321772","https://openalex.org/W1987567571","https://openalex.org/W1999168676","https://openalex.org/W2005264387","https://openalex.org/W2033951720","https://openalex.org/W2055893782","https://openalex.org/W2100667308","https://openalex.org/W2135418587","https://openalex.org/W2147014363","https://openalex.org/W2160274729","https://openalex.org/W2161410921","https://openalex.org/W3124021743"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1586940779","https://openalex.org/W7095651622","https://openalex.org/W7097609304","https://openalex.org/W1658613105","https://openalex.org/W1976988190","https://openalex.org/W2010815901","https://openalex.org/W4302032517","https://openalex.org/W2033951720","https://openalex.org/W7095811659","https://openalex.org/W1485885672"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"The":[1,161],"standard":[2,115,256],"public":[3,108,142,272,312],"goods":[4,109,143],"experiment":[5],"involves":[6],"linear":[7,116,257],"payoffs":[8],"in":[9,25,35,107,126,156,165],"which":[10],"the":[11,17,32,51,55,71,114,121,127,130,138,148,169,175,181,197,210,217,222,225,228,246,255,271,287,291,295,303,311,320],"unique":[12],"Nash":[13,33,72,122,248],"equilibrium":[14,34,123,150,170],"is":[15,59,88,111,124,151,159,171,251,298,314],"at":[16],"lower":[18,178],"boundary,":[19],"i.e.":[20],"full":[21],"free":[22],"riding.":[23],"Contributions":[24],"these":[26],"experiments":[27,110],"tend":[28],"to":[29,82,91,103,112,174,195,224,234,241,253,270,310],"decline":[30],"toward":[31,216],"most":[36],"treatments,":[37],"but":[38,87],"contributions":[39,58,68,232,309],"persist":[40],"even":[41],"after":[42],"as":[43,45],"many":[44],"60":[46],"rounds.":[47],"This":[48,135],"observation":[49],"raises":[50],"question":[52],"of":[53,57,129,132,167,180,199,227,230,275,278,286,294,307],"whether":[54],"persistence":[56],"merely":[60],"a":[61,80,152,261,299,316],"boundary":[62,85,262],"condition,":[63],"with":[64],"residual":[65],"noise":[66],"keeping":[67],"from":[69,84,140],"reaching":[70],"equilibrium.":[73,263],"In":[74,145,219],"other":[75],"experimental":[76],"environments,":[77],"behavior":[78],"shows":[79],"tendency":[81],"differ":[83,164],"equilibria,":[86],"reasonably":[89],"close":[90],"interior":[92,128,247],"predictions":[93],"(see":[94],"Smith":[95],"and":[96,155,177,207,302],"Walker,":[97],"1993,":[98],"for":[99],"examples).":[100],"One":[101],"way":[102],"address":[104],"this":[105],"issue":[106],"modify":[113],"payoff":[117],"structure":[118,258],"so":[119],"that":[120,259],"located":[125,172],"set":[131,229],"feasible":[133,231],"contributions.":[134],"paper":[136],"surveys":[137],"evidence":[139],"interior-Nash":[141],"experiments.":[144],"some":[146],"papers,":[147],"internal":[149],"dominant":[153],"strategy":[154],"others":[157],"it":[158,250],"not.":[160],"designs":[162,187],"also":[163,315],"terms":[166],"where":[168],"relative":[173],"upper":[176],"boundaries":[179],"decision":[182,242],"space.":[183],"These":[184],"relatively":[185],"new":[186],"are":[188,212,323],"important":[189],"because":[190],"they":[191],"can":[192],"be":[193],"used":[194],"evaluate":[196],"effects":[198],"treatment":[200],"variables":[201],"(for":[202],"example,":[203],"endowments,":[204],"group":[205],"size,":[206],"information)":[208],"when":[209],"data":[211],"not":[213],"being":[214],"pulled":[215],"boundary.":[218],"addition,":[220],"moving":[221],"equilibria":[223],"center":[226],"tends":[233],"reduce":[235],"or":[236],"neutralize":[237],"any":[238],"bias":[239],"due":[240],"errors.":[243],"Before":[244],"considering":[245],"designs,":[249],"useful":[252],"review":[254],"produces":[260],"An":[264],"individual":[265],"i":[266],"who":[267],"contributes":[268],"xi":[269,284],"good":[273,297,313],"out":[274],"an":[276],"endowment":[277],"E":[279,283],"units,":[280],"thereby":[281],"consumes":[282],"units":[285],"private":[288,296],"good.":[289],"If":[290],"marginal":[292,305],"value":[293,306],"constant,":[300,317],"v,":[301],"individual's":[304,321],"total":[308],"m,":[318],"then":[319],"earnings":[322],"given":[324],"by:":[325]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}