{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139276173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts181","title":"Ranking viruses: measures of positional importance within networks define core viruses for rational polyvalent vaccine development","display_name":"Ranking viruses: measures of positional importance within networks define core viruses for rational polyvalent vaccine development","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-04-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139276173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts181","mag":"2139276173","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22495748"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bts181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts181","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts181","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/28/12/1624/48879055/bioinformatics_28_12_1624.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-a","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/28/12/1624/48879055/bioinformatics_28_12_1624.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074627869","display_name":"Tavis K. Anderson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3138-5535","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3138-5535"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177156846","display_name":"South Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/015jmes13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177156846"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tavis K. Anderson","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I157725225","https://openalex.org/I177156846","https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004959328","display_name":"William W. Laegreid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8694-5229","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8694-5229"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177156846","display_name":"South Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/015jmes13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177156846"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William W. Laegreid","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I157725225","https://openalex.org/I177156846","https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102770005","display_name":"Francesco Cerutti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0480-8296","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0480-8296"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177156846","display_name":"South Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/015jmes13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177156846"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Cerutti","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I157725225","https://openalex.org/I177156846","https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108511119","display_name":"Fernando A. Osorio","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177156846","display_name":"South Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/015jmes13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177156846"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando A. Osorio","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I157725225","https://openalex.org/I177156846","https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103149943","display_name":"Eric A. Nelson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7950-592X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7950-592X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177156846","display_name":"South Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/015jmes13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177156846"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric A. Nelson","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I157725225","https://openalex.org/I177156846","https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053574401","display_name":"Jane Christopher\u2010Hennings","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0298-6980","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0298-6980"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177156846","display_name":"South Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/015jmes13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177156846"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jane Christopher-Hennings","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I157725225","https://openalex.org/I177156846","https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024025397","display_name":"Tony L. Goldberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3962-4913","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3962-4913"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","display_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","ror":"https://ror.org/043mer456","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177156846","display_name":"South Dakota State University","ror":"https://ror.org/015jmes13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177156846"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tony L. Goldberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, 2Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA, 3Department of Animal Production, Epidemiology and Ecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Torino, 10095 Gruglasco (TO), Italy, 4Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 and 5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57071, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I157725225","https://openalex.org/I177156846","https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024025397"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114395901","https://openalex.org/I135310074","https://openalex.org/I157725225","https://openalex.org/I177156846","https://openalex.org/I55143463"],"apc_list":{"value":3989,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3989},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8191,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66307072,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"12","first_page":"1624","last_page":"1632"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12576","display_name":"vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12576","display_name":"vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches","score":0.9731000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11495","display_name":"Animal Virus Infections Studies","score":0.011900000274181366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-theory","display_name":"graph theory","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porcine-reproductive-and-respiratory-syndrome-virus","display_name":"porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/envelope-glycoprotein","display_name":"envelope glycoprotein","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antigenic-variation","display_name":"antigenic variation","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-distance","display_name":"phylogenetic distance","score":0.48100000619888306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6729391813278198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.5578584671020508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775905019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192572","display_name":"In silico","level":3,"score":0.5336340665817261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8769409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2066554","display_name":"Viral evolution","level":4,"score":0.4412243366241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.4328332543373108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.42465919256210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.40122583508491516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67705224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11053","display_name":"RNA","level":3,"score":0.3889801800251007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.3861359655857086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.17954418063163757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08615946769714355}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000940","descriptor_name":"Antigenic Variation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012328","descriptor_name":"RNA Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012328","descriptor_name":"RNA Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014759","descriptor_name":"Viral Envelope Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014759","descriptor_name":"Viral Envelope Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018984","descriptor_name":"Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019316","descriptor_name":"Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019316","descriptor_name":"Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bts181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts181","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts181","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/28/12/1624/48879055/bioinformatics_28_12_1624.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-a","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22495748","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22495748","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:virologypub-1222","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/virologypub/222","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400577","display_name":"Lincoln (University of Nebraska)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114395901","host_organization_name":"University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114395901"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openprairie.sdstate.edu:vbs_pubs-1011","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/vbs_pubs/23","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196457","display_name":"Open PRAIRIE (South Dakota State University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177156846","host_organization_name":"South Dakota State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177156846"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bts181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts181","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts181","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/article-pdf/28/12/1624/48879055/bioinformatics_28_12_1624.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S52395412","display_name":"Bioinformatics","issn_l":"1367-4803","issn":["1367-4803","1367-4811"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-a","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bioinformatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.46810001134872437,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1819392715","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2008-55620-19132","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G864093318","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2008-55620-19132","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/05qx3fv49"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2139276173.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2139276173.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":86,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W197896231","https://openalex.org/W277320084","https://openalex.org/W603816015","https://openalex.org/W950821216","https://openalex.org/W1521518192","https://openalex.org/W1578401722","https://openalex.org/W1874853784","https://openalex.org/W1963611256","https://openalex.org/W1965335848","https://openalex.org/W1970913835","https://openalex.org/W1971421925","https://openalex.org/W1971937094","https://openalex.org/W1987297544","https://openalex.org/W1992391009","https://openalex.org/W1992425774","https://openalex.org/W1993846907","https://openalex.org/W1996934732","https://openalex.org/W1998128231","https://openalex.org/W1999290017","https://openalex.org/W2013815517","https://openalex.org/W2015125044","https://openalex.org/W2020943564","https://openalex.org/W2021084311","https://openalex.org/W2026042206","https://openalex.org/W2028302194","https://openalex.org/W2028555396","https://openalex.org/W2033629455","https://openalex.org/W2038350597","https://openalex.org/W2040654802","https://openalex.org/W2041381307","https://openalex.org/W2046518060","https://openalex.org/W2047940964","https://openalex.org/W2057147307","https://openalex.org/W2059613424","https://openalex.org/W2061901927","https://openalex.org/W2062533676","https://openalex.org/W2067700247","https://openalex.org/W2069331412","https://openalex.org/W2070304262","https://openalex.org/W2072334833","https://openalex.org/W2072971198","https://openalex.org/W2079375294","https://openalex.org/W2082340690","https://openalex.org/W2084725601","https://openalex.org/W2087866505","https://openalex.org/W2093540790","https://openalex.org/W2093658347","https://openalex.org/W2093832827","https://openalex.org/W2095886196","https://openalex.org/W2097050150","https://openalex.org/W2099047220","https://openalex.org/W2101580881","https://openalex.org/W2104871495","https://openalex.org/W2107300216","https://openalex.org/W2108718991","https://openalex.org/W2124637492","https://openalex.org/W2127435093","https://openalex.org/W2127847431","https://openalex.org/W2129386317","https://openalex.org/W2129663857","https://openalex.org/W2130476447","https://openalex.org/W2131499531","https://openalex.org/W2132926880","https://openalex.org/W2138124339","https://openalex.org/W2141008678","https://openalex.org/W2143572016","https://openalex.org/W2145402497","https://openalex.org/W2146397496","https://openalex.org/W2150318080","https://openalex.org/W2151409320","https://openalex.org/W2153163225","https://openalex.org/W2154980968","https://openalex.org/W2155228203","https://openalex.org/W2156524622","https://openalex.org/W2157475700","https://openalex.org/W2164485997","https://openalex.org/W2165700458","https://openalex.org/W2166236011","https://openalex.org/W2166376330","https://openalex.org/W2168301815","https://openalex.org/W2168696662","https://openalex.org/W2169702034","https://openalex.org/W2243973145","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2611511275","https://openalex.org/W3217097258"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7170131014","https://openalex.org/W6962528691","https://openalex.org/W4411664710","https://openalex.org/W3157601550","https://openalex.org/W2590833177","https://openalex.org/W2176272660","https://openalex.org/W3173596861","https://openalex.org/W26710471","https://openalex.org/W3215480882","https://openalex.org/W4402418794"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"MOTIVATION:":[0],"The":[1],"extraordinary":[2],"genetic":[3],"and":[4,31,107,123,130,183,260],"antigenic":[5],"variability":[6],"of":[7,18,83,97,103,142,163,202,213,226,246],"RNA":[8,101,220],"viruses":[9,175,185],"is":[10,42],"arguably":[11],"the":[12,16,80,93,168,199,210,243],"greatest":[13],"challenge":[14],"to":[15,51,92,135,155,217,233],"development":[17],"broadly":[19],"effective":[20],"vaccines.":[21,64],"No":[22],"single":[23],"viral":[24,54,84,128,227,235,253],"variant":[25,247],"can":[26],"induce":[27],"sufficiently":[28],"broad":[29],"immunity,":[30],"incorporating":[32],"all":[33],"known":[34],"naturally":[35],"circulating":[36],"variants":[37,55,160,228,254],"into":[38],"one":[39],"multivalent":[40],"vaccine":[41,263],"not":[43],"feasible.":[44],"Furthermore,":[45],"no":[46],"objective":[47,140,244],"strategies":[48],"currently":[49],"exist":[50],"select":[52],"actual":[53],"that":[56,78,229,239],"should":[57],"be":[58],"included":[59],"or":[60],"excluded":[61],"in":[62,171,196],"polyvalent":[63,262],"RESULTS:":[65],"To":[66,145],"address":[67],"this":[68,240],"problem,":[69],"we":[70,126,149],"demonstrate":[71,87],"a":[72,98,191],"method":[73,89],"based":[74],"on":[75,209],"graph":[76],"theory":[77],"quantifies":[79],"relative":[81,143],"importance":[82],"variants.":[85],"We":[86,237],"our":[88,147,157,172],"through":[90,242],"application":[91],"envelope":[94],"glycoprotein":[95],"gene":[96],"particularly":[99],"diverse":[100,219],"virus":[102,110,221],"pigs:":[104],"porcine":[105],"reproductive":[106],"respiratory":[108],"syndrome":[109],"(PRRSV).":[111],"Using":[112],"distance":[113],"matrices":[114],"derived":[115],"from":[116,198],"sequence":[117,138],"nucleotide":[118],"difference,":[119],"amino":[120],"acid":[121],"difference":[122],"evolutionary":[124],"distance,":[125],"constructed":[127,195],"networks":[129],"used":[131],"common":[132],"network":[133,211],"statistics":[134],"assign":[136],"each":[137],"an":[139,151],"ranking":[141],"'importance'.":[144],"validate":[146],"approach,":[148],"use":[150],"independent":[152],"published":[153],"algorithm":[154],"score":[156],"top-ranked":[158,184],"wild-type":[159],"for":[161,251,255],"coverage":[162,179,189],"putative":[164],"T-cell":[165],"epitopes":[166],"across":[167],"9383":[169,203],"sequences":[170],"dataset.":[173],"Top-ranked":[174],"achieve":[176,186],"significantly":[177],"higher":[178],"than":[180],"low-ranked":[181],"viruses,":[182],"nearly":[187],"equal":[188],"as":[190],"synthetic":[192],"mosaic":[193],"protein":[194],"silico":[197],"same":[200],"set":[201],"sequences.":[204],"CONCLUSION:":[205],"Our":[206],"approach":[207],"relies":[208],"structure":[212],"PRRSV":[214],"but":[215],"applies":[216],"any":[218],"because":[222],"it":[223],"identifies":[224],"subsets":[225],"are":[230],"most":[231],"important":[232],"overall":[234],"diversity.":[236],"suggest":[238],"method,":[241],"quantification":[245],"importance,":[248],"provides":[249],"criteria":[250],"choosing":[252],"further":[256],"characterization,":[257],"diagnostics,":[258],"surveillance":[259],"ultimately":[261],"development.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}