{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139188807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.53.11.927","title":"Early childhood infection and atopic disorder","display_name":"Early childhood infection and atopic disorder","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139188807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.53.11.927","mag":"2139188807","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10193389","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1745117"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/thx.53.11.927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.53.11.927","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.53.11.927","pdf_url":"https://thorax.bmj.com/content/thoraxjnl/53/11/927.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106546978","display_name":"Thorax","issn_l":"0040-6376","issn":["0040-6376","1468-3296"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Thorax","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2139188807"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://thorax.bmj.com/content/thoraxjnl/53/11/927.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005912071","display_name":"I. Sadaf Farooqi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7609-3504","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7609-3504"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801179840","display_name":"Churchill Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/009vheq40","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801179840","https://openalex.org/I4210147381"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I S. Farooqi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lung Research Laboratory, Osler Chest Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lung Research Laboratory, Osler Chest Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801179840"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113661813","display_name":"J. M. Hopkin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801179840","display_name":"Churchill Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/009vheq40","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801179840","https://openalex.org/I4210147381"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. M Hopkin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lung Research Laboratory, Osler Chest Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lung Research Laboratory, Osler Chest Unit, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801179840"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113661813"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801179840"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.5504,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":379,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99486151,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"11","first_page":"927","last_page":"932"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.9502000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.9502000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10837","display_name":"Dermatology and Skin Diseases","score":0.03739999979734421,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2708","display_name":"Dermatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10634","display_name":"Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Research","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2723","display_name":"Immunology and Allergy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atopic-diseases","display_name":"atopic diseases","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-infection","display_name":"pediatric infection","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma","display_name":"asthma","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allergic-rhinitis","display_name":"allergic rhinitis","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atopic-dermatitis","display_name":"atopic dermatitis","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-atopy","display_name":"maternal atopy","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/whole-cell-pertussis-vaccine","display_name":"whole-cell pertussis vaccine","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-antibiotics","display_name":"oral antibiotics","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbial-exposure","display_name":"microbial exposure","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/birth-cohort","display_name":"birth cohort","score":0.3319999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9315812587738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.39352500438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.34763550758361816}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001722","descriptor_name":"Birth Order","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005194","descriptor_name":"Family Practice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006969","descriptor_name":"Hypersensitivity, Immediate","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006969","descriptor_name":"Hypersensitivity, Immediate","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007239","descriptor_name":"Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010567","descriptor_name":"Pertussis Vaccine","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015331","descriptor_name":"Cohort Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016015","descriptor_name":"Logistic Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017677","descriptor_name":"Age Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/thx.53.11.927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.53.11.927","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.53.11.927","pdf_url":"https://thorax.bmj.com/content/thoraxjnl/53/11/927.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106546978","display_name":"Thorax","issn_l":"0040-6376","issn":["0040-6376","1468-3296"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Thorax","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10193389","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10193389","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Thorax","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1745117","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1745117/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Thorax","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/thx.53.11.927","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.53.11.927","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.53.11.927","pdf_url":"https://thorax.bmj.com/content/thoraxjnl/53/11/927.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S106546978","display_name":"Thorax","issn_l":"0040-6376","issn":["0040-6376","1468-3296"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Thorax","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2139188807.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2139188807.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1942876","https://openalex.org/W1543003517","https://openalex.org/W1576852720","https://openalex.org/W1966679064","https://openalex.org/W1972922050","https://openalex.org/W1979791806","https://openalex.org/W1988403445","https://openalex.org/W1997522690","https://openalex.org/W2002110822","https://openalex.org/W2002793556","https://openalex.org/W2033354619","https://openalex.org/W2035831689","https://openalex.org/W2037796326","https://openalex.org/W2049181225","https://openalex.org/W2050463700","https://openalex.org/W2051812762","https://openalex.org/W2066808953","https://openalex.org/W2067047380","https://openalex.org/W2076545214","https://openalex.org/W2079090595","https://openalex.org/W2087484128","https://openalex.org/W2099541134","https://openalex.org/W2125610521","https://openalex.org/W2134217360","https://openalex.org/W2143014879","https://openalex.org/W2144281476","https://openalex.org/W2161450196","https://openalex.org/W2170892630","https://openalex.org/W2312397711","https://openalex.org/W2519032913","https://openalex.org/W2784641565","https://openalex.org/W4253967380","https://openalex.org/W6675253613"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2246366634","https://openalex.org/W2060896408","https://openalex.org/W2025591921","https://openalex.org/W1973179224","https://openalex.org/W1986851077","https://openalex.org/W2180954372","https://openalex.org/W2059053169","https://openalex.org/W7140294366","https://openalex.org/W2114431385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Atopy":[1],"is":[2,27,265],"of":[3,20,31,54,62,91,94,103,114,128,167,197,207,212,215,235,238,253,262],"complex":[4],"origins":[5],"but":[6],"the":[7,18,28,40,163,205,213,236,251],"recent":[8],"rise":[9],"in":[10,13,34,76,162],"atopic":[11,47,130,198,216,254],"diseases":[12],"westernized":[14],"communities":[15],"points":[16],"to":[17,138,152,173,230],"action":[19],"important":[21],"environmental":[22],"effects.":[23],"One":[24],"candidate":[25],"mechanism":[26],"changing":[29],"pattern":[30],"microbial":[32],"exposure":[33],"childhood.":[35],"This":[36],"epidemiological":[37],"study":[38],"investigated":[39],"relationship":[41],"between":[42],"childhood":[43],"infections":[44,95],"and":[45,56,82,96,101,107,111,157,224,241,259],"subsequent":[46,129],"disease,":[48],"taking":[49],"into":[50],"account":[51],"a":[52,66,72,112],"range":[53],"social":[55,192],"medical":[57],"variables.":[58],"METHODS:":[59],"A":[60],"total":[61],"1934":[63],"subjects":[64],"representing":[65],"retrospective":[67],"1975-84":[68],"birth":[69],"group":[70],"at":[71],"family":[73],"doctor":[74],"practice":[75,83],"Oxfordshire":[77],"were":[78,85,89,117],"studied.":[79],"Public":[80],"health":[81],"records":[84,88],"reviewed;":[86],"temporal":[87],"made":[90],"all":[92,99],"diagnoses":[93,102],"their":[97],"treatments,":[98],"immunisations,":[100],"asthma,":[104],"hay":[105],"fever":[106],"eczema;":[108],"maternal":[109,132,185,201],"atopy":[110,133,202],"number":[113],"other":[115],"variables":[116],"documented.":[118],"RESULTS:":[119],"Logistic":[120],"regression":[121],"analysis":[122],"identified":[123],"three":[124],"statistically":[125],"significant":[126,181],"predictors":[127],"disease:":[131],"(1.97,":[134],"95%":[135,149,170],"CI":[136,150,171],"1.46":[137],"2.66,":[139],"p":[140,154,175],"<":[141,155,176],"0.0001),":[142,156],"immunisation":[143,219],"with":[144,159,220,226],"whole-cell":[145],"pertussis":[146,222],"vaccine":[147,223],"(1.76,":[148],"1.39":[151],"2.23,":[153],"treatment":[158,225],"oral":[160,227],"antibiotics":[161,228],"first":[164],"two":[165],"years":[166],"life":[168],"(2.07,":[169],"1.64":[172],"2.60,":[174],"0.0001).":[177],"There":[178],"was":[179],"no":[180],"association":[182,264],"found":[183],"for":[184,250],"smoking,":[186],"bottle":[187],"feeding,":[188],"sibship":[189],"size,":[190],"or":[191],"class.":[193],"CONCLUSIONS:":[194],"The":[195],"prediction":[196,214],"disease":[199],"by":[200,218,256],"mainly":[203],"reflects":[204],"effect":[206],"acknowledged":[208],"genetic":[209],"factors.":[210],"Interpretation":[211],"disorders":[217,255],"wholecell":[221],"needs":[229],"be":[231],"very":[232],"cautious":[233],"because":[234],"possibilities":[237],"confounding":[239],"effects":[240],"reverse":[242],"causation.":[243],"However,":[244],"plausible":[245],"immune":[246],"mechanisms":[247],"are":[248],"identifiable":[249],"promotion":[252],"both":[257],"factors":[258],"further":[260],"investigation":[261],"these":[263],"warranted.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
