{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139148477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690203038004001","title":"Bending the Rules","display_name":"Bending the Rules","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139148477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690203038004001","mag":"2139148477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1012690203038004001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690203038004001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690203038004001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144178814","display_name":"International Review for the Sociology of Sport","issn_l":"1012-6902","issn":["1012-6902","1461-7218"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Review for the Sociology of Sport","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040753571","display_name":"Emma H. Wensing","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52179390","display_name":"University of Waikato","ror":"https://ror.org/013fsnh78","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52179390"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emma H. Wensing","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waikato, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waikato, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52179390"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002098464","display_name":"Toni Bruce","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4998-2861","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4998-2861"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52179390","display_name":"University of Waikato","ror":"https://ror.org/013fsnh78","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52179390"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toni Bruce","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waikato, New Zealand, [email\u00a0protected]","University of Waikato, New Zealand,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waikato, New Zealand, [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52179390"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waikato, New Zealand,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52179390"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52179390"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8376,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":264,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96248099,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"4","first_page":"387","last_page":"396"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10942","display_name":"Sports, Gender, and Society","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10942","display_name":"Sports, Gender, and Society","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13296","display_name":"Sociology, History and Politics of Sport","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11540","display_name":"Gender, Feminism, and Media","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sydney-2000-olympic-games","display_name":"2000 Sydney Olympics","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-coverage-of-women-athletes","display_name":"media coverage of women athletes","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-framing","display_name":"gender framing","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nationalism","display_name":"nationalism","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-reconciliation","display_name":"national reconciliation","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-sports","display_name":"women's sports","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/olympic-games","display_name":"Olympic Games","score":0.42899999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-representation-of-sport","display_name":"media representation of sport","score":0.41600000858306885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169087156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2131593","display_name":"Framing (construction)","level":2,"score":0.7145708203315735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162127614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5928045","display_name":"Ambivalence","level":2,"score":0.6636240482330322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5261642336845398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.5004386901855469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020105747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11118951","display_name":"Media coverage","level":2,"score":0.5002765655517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.4857328534126282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521449643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6235","display_name":"Nationalism","level":3,"score":0.482155978679657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.4676035940647125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.3659243583679199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.3278402090072632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.32637837529182434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.2495783567428589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.24773284792900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.22489070892333984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.21101310849189758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1813940405845642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.16313540935516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.09340992569923401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1012690203038004001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690203038004001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690203038004001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144178814","display_name":"International Review for the Sociology of Sport","issn_l":"1012-6902","issn":["1012-6902","1461-7218"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Review for the Sociology of Sport","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1177/1012690203384001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690203384001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690203384001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144178814","display_name":"International Review for the Sociology of Sport","issn_l":"1012-6902","issn":["1012-6902","1461-7218"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Review for the Sociology of Sport","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.7307999730110168}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121314790","https://openalex.org/W185208122","https://openalex.org/W347306812","https://openalex.org/W349514637","https://openalex.org/W564835718","https://openalex.org/W576177395","https://openalex.org/W636265657","https://openalex.org/W1553028489","https://openalex.org/W1588470018","https://openalex.org/W1594563895","https://openalex.org/W1676361849","https://openalex.org/W1757092722","https://openalex.org/W1803874289","https://openalex.org/W1973621130","https://openalex.org/W1978755128","https://openalex.org/W1994204547","https://openalex.org/W2003783764","https://openalex.org/W2043481529","https://openalex.org/W2073121099","https://openalex.org/W2087376871","https://openalex.org/W2087427717","https://openalex.org/W2113592558","https://openalex.org/W2134010609","https://openalex.org/W2137598676","https://openalex.org/W2153094289","https://openalex.org/W2155731914","https://openalex.org/W2156244557","https://openalex.org/W2165853656","https://openalex.org/W2181079084","https://openalex.org/W2222569257","https://openalex.org/W2420691381","https://openalex.org/W2557738432","https://openalex.org/W2897150555","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4249441608","https://openalex.org/W1973621130","https://openalex.org/W248905635","https://openalex.org/W2202553642","https://openalex.org/W3115782391","https://openalex.org/W3040949401","https://openalex.org/W2339172068","https://openalex.org/W7030381718","https://openalex.org/W2073121099","https://openalex.org/W2155903223"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Extensive":[0],"qualitative":[1],"research":[2],"shows":[3],"that,":[4],"even":[5],"at":[6],"its":[7,81],"best,":[8],"media":[9,63,86],"coverage":[10,56,64],"of":[11,45,57,62,65,90,96],"women":[12],"athletes":[13],"tends":[14],"to":[15,74],"be":[16],"ambivalent,":[17],"meaning":[18],"that":[19,30],"it":[20],"juxtaposes":[21],"positive":[22],"descriptions":[23,27],"and":[24,28,32,36],"images":[25,29],"with":[26],"undermine":[31],"trivialize":[33],"women\u2019s":[34,58],"efforts":[35],"successes.":[37],"However,":[38],"researchers":[39],"have":[40],"rarely":[41],"explored":[42],"the":[43,69,84],"implications":[44],"nationalism":[46],"\u2014":[47,54],"in":[48,77],"particular":[49],"during":[50,68],"global":[51],"sports":[52],"events":[53],"for":[55],"sport.":[59],"This":[60],"analysis":[61],"Cathy":[66],"Freeman":[67],"Sydney":[70],"2000":[71],"Olympics":[72],"points":[73],"an":[75],"instance":[76],"which":[78],"gender":[79],"lost":[80],"place":[82],"as":[83,93],"primary":[85],"framing":[87],"device":[88],"because":[89],"Freeman\u2019s":[91],"importance":[92],"a":[94],"symbol":[95],"national":[97],"reconciliation.":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":21}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}