{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139113080","doi":null,"title":"The Canada-Chile free trade agreement and the direction of Canadian foreign policy in the 1990s","display_name":"The Canada-Chile free trade agreement and the direction of Canadian foreign policy in the 1990s","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139113080","mag":"2139113080"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:collectionscanada.gc.ca:OOAMICUS.27976830","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/MQ42350.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/MQ42350.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402307","display_name":"Library and Archives Canada (Government of Canada)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2802286613","host_organization_name":"Government of Canada","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802286613"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Electronic thesis or dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://research.library.mun.ca/9354/1/Bellamy_Sarah.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002516604","display_name":"Sarah Bellamy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Bellamy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002516604"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13352","display_name":"International Relations in Latin America","score":0.8246999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13352","display_name":"International Relations in Latin America","score":0.8246999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13655","display_name":"Canadian Policy and Governance","score":0.17440000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canadian-foreign-policy","display_name":"Canadian foreign policy","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-economic-integration","display_name":"regional economic integration","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-trade-agreements","display_name":"free trade agreements","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latin-america","display_name":"Latin America","score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democracy-promotion","display_name":"democracy promotion","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-rights","display_name":"human rights","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-self-interest","display_name":"economic self-interest","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democratic-transition","display_name":"democratic transition","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-stability","display_name":"economic stability","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trading-blocs","display_name":"trade blocs","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-interests","display_name":"corporate interests","score":0.3070000112056732}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35532855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200435","display_name":"Free trade","level":2,"score":0.6459604501724243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.6428830027580261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169437150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8458","display_name":"Human rights","level":2,"score":0.6034971475601196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.6013057231903076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.5463928580284119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506295513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729438","display_name":"Economic integration","level":2,"score":0.5443891286849976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158886217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16799549","display_name":"Latin Americans","level":2,"score":0.5413756966590881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5335686","display_name":"International free trade agreement","level":3,"score":0.5369489192962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502581569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2684060","display_name":"Regionalism (politics)","level":4,"score":0.5031346678733826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779423641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16251533","display_name":"Democracy promotion","level":5,"score":0.5012331008911133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.4928615093231201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93377909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181648","display_name":"Foreign policy","level":3,"score":0.4725465774536133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140413371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q572564","display_name":"Commercial policy","level":2,"score":0.46853843331336975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779015535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q462668","display_name":"Regional integration","level":2,"score":0.4659147560596466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777129469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252550","display_name":"Trade agreement","level":3,"score":0.4454791247844696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.38389909267425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2837808132171631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17058734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1064441","display_name":"Democratization","level":4,"score":0.2335716187953949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.15103748440742493}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:collectionscanada.gc.ca:OOAMICUS.27976830","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/MQ42350.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/MQ42350.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402307","display_name":"Library and Archives Canada (Government of Canada)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2802286613","host_organization_name":"Government of Canada","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802286613"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Electronic thesis or dissertation"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.library.mun.ca:9354","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://research.library.mun.ca/9354/1/Bellamy_Sarah.pdf","pdf_url":"http://research.library.mun.ca/9354/1/Bellamy_Sarah.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401319","display_name":"Memorial University Research Repository (Memorial University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","host_organization_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:memorial.scholaris.ca:20.500.14783/13160","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14783/13160","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401319","display_name":"Memorial University Research Repository (Memorial University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","host_organization_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Master thesis"},{"id":"mag:2139113080","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.library.mun.ca/9354/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:research.library.mun.ca:9354","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://research.library.mun.ca/9354/1/Bellamy_Sarah.pdf","pdf_url":"http://research.library.mun.ca/9354/1/Bellamy_Sarah.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401319","display_name":"Memorial University Research Repository (Memorial University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I130438778","host_organization_name":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130438778"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.7297000288963318}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321040","display_name":"National Science Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2139113080.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2139113080.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2479822871","https://openalex.org/W2280251124","https://openalex.org/W2004534378","https://openalex.org/W2051578920","https://openalex.org/W2905266458","https://openalex.org/W7025018871","https://openalex.org/W1530639880","https://openalex.org/W1874635835","https://openalex.org/W2953821418","https://openalex.org/W2976448309"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"patchwork":[1],"of":[2,99,243],"multilateral":[3],"and":[4,18,83,145,161,183,207,225,237,245,262,356],"bilateral":[5,114],"trade":[6,30,80,116,238,297,361],"agreements":[7,81],"in":[8,24,43,53,62,88,96,103,148,167,208,229,267,284,305,315,321,334,342,346],"the":[9,25,44,75,97,104,126,149,205,209,216,241,257,273,359],"Americas":[10],"has":[11,28,38,48,71,92,255,294],"resulted":[12],"from":[13,74],"states":[14],"attempting":[15],"to":[16,57,67,111,125,137,154,165,222,281,338,354],"secure":[17],"diversify":[19],"their":[20,85,288,306,316],"trading":[21],"relations.":[22],"Regionalism":[23],"world":[26],"economy":[27],"created":[29],"blocs":[31],"which":[32],"are":[33],"potentially":[34],"exclusionary.":[35],"Therefore,":[36],"Ottawa":[37,47,91,157,231,254,322],"pushed":[39],"for":[40,123,240,327],"regional":[41,69],"integration":[42,70,102],"Americas,":[45,105],"as":[46,78,106,331],"claimed":[49,174],"that":[50,156,175,197,277,292,350],"it":[51,332],"is":[52,333],"Canada's":[54,168,181,328],"national":[55,169,336],"interest":[56,304,314,330,337],"protect":[58,82],"our":[59,176,335],"economic":[60,101,202,236,263,289,307],"interests":[61,87,239],"Latin":[63,89],"America.":[64,90],"Further":[65],"pressure":[66],"pursue":[68],"also":[72,158,311],"come":[73],"corporate":[76],"sector":[77],"free":[79,115,296,360],"promote":[84,339],"growing":[86],"been":[93],"a":[94,113,187,194,295],"leader":[95],"pursuit":[98],"greater":[100],"illustrated":[107],"by":[108],"Ottawa's":[109,140,191],"decision":[110],"sign":[112],"agreement":[117,298],"with":[118,299],"Chile":[119,268,285,347],"after":[120],"its":[121,235],"failure":[122],"accession":[124],"North":[127],"American":[128],"Free":[129,218],"Trade":[130,219],"Agreement":[131,220],"(NAFTA),":[132],"despite":[133],"Chile's":[134,279],"incomplete":[135],"transition":[136,280],"democracy.":[138,282],"--":[139,249],"rhetoric":[141],"toward":[142],"Central":[143],"America":[144],"South":[146],"Africa":[147],"1980s":[150,206],"may":[151],"lead":[152],"one":[153],"believe":[155],"considers":[159],"democracy":[160,224],"human":[162,226,246],"rights":[163,227,247],"promotion":[164],"be":[166],"interest.":[170],"Official":[171],"government":[172],"statements":[173],"foreign":[177,195],"policy":[178,196],"should":[179],"represent":[180],"social":[182,275],"political":[184],"values.":[185],"However,":[186],"closer":[188],"look":[189],"at":[190],"actions":[192],"reveals":[193],"continuously":[198],"was":[199],"based":[200],"on":[201],"self-interest":[203],"during":[204],"1990s.":[210],"This":[211],"provides":[212],"an":[213,303,313],"explanation":[214],"why":[215],"Canada-Chile":[217],"fails":[221],"address":[223],"issues":[228],"Chile.":[230,343],"will":[232,348],"not":[233,324],"jeopardize":[234],"sake":[242],"democratic":[244,260,317,340],"issues.":[248],"In":[250],"taking":[251],"this":[252],"stand,":[253],"overlooked":[256],"link":[258],"between":[259],"development":[261],"progress.":[264],"Economic":[265],"growth":[266],"cannot":[269],"continue":[270,353],"without":[271],"addressing":[272],"grave":[274],"problems":[276],"threaten":[278],"Instability":[283],"would":[286],"affect":[287],"growth.":[290],"Now":[291],"Canada":[293],"Chile,":[300],"we":[301,310],"have":[302,312,323],"stability,":[308],"therefore":[309],"stability.":[318],"Policy":[319],"makers":[320],"looked":[325],"out":[326],"'national'":[329],"stability":[341,345],"Democratic":[344],"ensure":[349],"both":[351],"countries":[352],"grow":[355],"prosper":[357],"under":[358],"agreement.":[362]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-16T18:09:00.828671","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}