{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139091563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1955514","title":"Policy Differences in British Parliamentary Parties","display_name":"Policy Differences in British Parliamentary Parties","publication_year":1971,"publication_date":"1971-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139091563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1955514","mag":"2139091563"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/1955514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1955514","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1955514","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176007004","display_name":"American Political Science Review","issn_l":"0003-0554","issn":["0003-0554","1537-5943"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Political Science Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046423387","display_name":"Allan Kornberg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allan Kornberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Duke University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Duke University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012915959","display_name":"Robert C. Frasure","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145423581","display_name":"Sewanee: The University of the South","ror":"https://ror.org/05r5k8873","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145423581"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert C. Frasure","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of the South"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of the South","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145423581"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.4317,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98174898,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"3","first_page":"694","last_page":"703"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.663100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.663100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13158","display_name":"Political and Economic history of UK and US","score":0.3312999904155731,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10443","display_name":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labour-party","display_name":"Labour Party","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conservative-party","display_name":"Conservative Party","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/house-of-commons","display_name":"House of Commons","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/party-ideology","display_name":"party ideology","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/british-politics","display_name":"British politics","score":0.5040000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.8732821941375732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778959273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9247597","display_name":"House of Commons","level":4,"score":0.8732265830039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778975910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1967077","display_name":"PARRY","level":2,"score":0.7072479128837585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5472800135612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59742305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076105","display_name":"General election","level":3,"score":0.5236620306968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5213714241981506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5087040066719055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.47623732686042786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.44227373600006104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.38158565759658813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.32787299156188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781440851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35749","display_name":"Parliament","level":3,"score":0.2801238000392914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/1955514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1955514","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1955514","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176007004","display_name":"American Political Science Review","issn_l":"0003-0554","issn":["0003-0554","1537-5943"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Political Science Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:cup:apsrev:v:65:y:1971:i:03:p:694-703_13","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0003055400136421/type/journal_article","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W601838157","https://openalex.org/W628505940","https://openalex.org/W630457996","https://openalex.org/W1411403669","https://openalex.org/W1485978619","https://openalex.org/W1488939178","https://openalex.org/W1507186485","https://openalex.org/W1596582487","https://openalex.org/W1998786678","https://openalex.org/W2005008875","https://openalex.org/W2015687887","https://openalex.org/W2023543205","https://openalex.org/W2056226358","https://openalex.org/W2057350458","https://openalex.org/W2101823332","https://openalex.org/W2109549577","https://openalex.org/W2112406185","https://openalex.org/W2114551329","https://openalex.org/W2116968644","https://openalex.org/W2126726066","https://openalex.org/W2160334436","https://openalex.org/W2259627759","https://openalex.org/W2317342373","https://openalex.org/W2319053156","https://openalex.org/W2326647548","https://openalex.org/W2327511562","https://openalex.org/W2329665894","https://openalex.org/W2332271373","https://openalex.org/W2333894986","https://openalex.org/W2511581840","https://openalex.org/W2607041304","https://openalex.org/W2796583340","https://openalex.org/W2798572278","https://openalex.org/W2799882880","https://openalex.org/W2800659152","https://openalex.org/W2802641656","https://openalex.org/W2803036436","https://openalex.org/W4240361656","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388071726","https://openalex.org/W2054191734","https://openalex.org/W2493578601","https://openalex.org/W2490766161","https://openalex.org/W2146009359","https://openalex.org/W2007495821","https://openalex.org/W4285266838","https://openalex.org/W4235064704","https://openalex.org/W2480615044","https://openalex.org/W3141234869"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Questionnaire":[0],"data":[1,62,95,140],"that":[2,49,66,76,98,119,133,147],"delineate":[3],"the":[4,14,33,61,71,80,99,102,109,114,124,131,154,174],"positions":[5,34],"of":[6,17,30,32,130,160,176],"197":[7],"Labour":[8,110,134],"and":[9,44,104,156],"126":[10],"Conservative":[11,115],"M.P.s":[12],"in":[13,26,108,113,136],"British":[15,37],"House":[16],"Commons":[18],"on":[19,53],"ten":[20],"major":[21],"policy":[22,50,77],"issues":[23,55],"are":[24,82,85,106,150],"utilized":[25],"an":[27,157],"empirical":[28],"test":[29],"some":[31],"taken":[35,52],"by":[36],"political":[38],"parry":[39],"scholars,":[40],"Samuel":[41],"H.":[42],"Beer":[43],"Robert":[45],"T.":[46],"McKenzie.":[47],"Assuming":[48],"stances":[51],"these":[54,139],"reflect":[56],"more":[57],"general":[58],"ideological":[59,68],"orientations,":[60],"support":[63],"Beer's":[64],"view":[65],"serious":[67],"differences":[69,78,86,100,152],"divide":[70],"parties.":[72],"However,":[73],"McKenzie's":[74],"belief":[75],"between":[79,87,101,153],"frontbenches":[81,155],"narrower":[83],"than":[84,112],"their":[88,161],"backbench":[89],"supporters":[90],"is":[91,145],"also":[92,96],"confirmed.":[93],"The":[94],"indicate":[97],"front":[103],"backbenches":[105],"greater":[107],"party":[111],"party,":[116],"a":[117,128],"situation":[118],"could":[120],"be":[121,170],"intrinsic":[122],"to":[123,172],"parties":[125],"or":[126],"merely":[127],"function":[129],"fact":[132],"was":[135],"power":[137],"when":[138],"were":[141],"collected.":[142],"Finally,":[143],"it":[144,168],"suggested":[146],"although":[148],"there":[149],"significant":[151],"extreme":[158],"wing":[159],"respective":[162],"backbenches,":[163],"as":[164],"McKenzie":[165],"had":[166],"assumed,":[167],"would":[169],"unwise":[171],"exaggerate":[173],"importance":[175],"such":[177],"intraparty":[178],"differences.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}