{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139054960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s095439451000013x","title":"Interaction between social category and social practice: explainingwas/werevariation","display_name":"Interaction between social category and social practice: explainingwas/werevariation","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139054960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s095439451000013x","mag":"2139054960"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s095439451000013x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s095439451000013x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s095439451000013x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121997567","display_name":"Language Variation and Change","issn_l":"0954-3945","issn":["0954-3945","1469-8021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Language Variation and Change","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043523948","display_name":"Emma Moore","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Emma Moore","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sheffield"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sheffield","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043523948"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.3483,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98195175,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"3","first_page":"347","last_page":"371"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11640","display_name":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11640","display_name":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13727","display_name":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12373","display_name":"Linguistic research and analysis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-class","display_name":"social class","score":0.3880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communities-of-practice","display_name":"communities of practice","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-identification","display_name":"self-identification","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/place-of-birth","display_name":"birthplace","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-revitalization","display_name":"language revitalization","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-ethnography","display_name":"school ethnography","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/varbrul","display_name":"VARBRUL","score":0.5600000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.9048532843589783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6311683654785156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179454799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132151","display_name":"Ethnography","level":2,"score":0.6023942232131958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5419659614562988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110888244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187588","display_name":"Social class","level":2,"score":0.4874908924102783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130064352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853725","display_name":"Social relation","level":2,"score":0.4733838140964508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.44067516922950745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4139615595340729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3979162573814392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.37377089262008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.274283230304718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2434101700782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.17155075073242188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.10701039433479309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.07415074110031128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s095439451000013x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s095439451000013x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s095439451000013x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121997567","display_name":"Language Variation and Change","issn_l":"0954-3945","issn":["0954-3945","1469-8021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Language Variation and Change","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7900000214576721}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":74,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W147871884","https://openalex.org/W421654179","https://openalex.org/W564147567","https://openalex.org/W565006054","https://openalex.org/W589126667","https://openalex.org/W626176987","https://openalex.org/W627710178","https://openalex.org/W643919058","https://openalex.org/W645479875","https://openalex.org/W1499235343","https://openalex.org/W1532667308","https://openalex.org/W1534035570","https://openalex.org/W1551622590","https://openalex.org/W1561765505","https://openalex.org/W1590600170","https://openalex.org/W1592854807","https://openalex.org/W1771106021","https://openalex.org/W1798535660","https://openalex.org/W1835134125","https://openalex.org/W1967413676","https://openalex.org/W1984868810","https://openalex.org/W1992530779","https://openalex.org/W1994986993","https://openalex.org/W2002146171","https://openalex.org/W2006197442","https://openalex.org/W2006941828","https://openalex.org/W2016954927","https://openalex.org/W2018219359","https://openalex.org/W2034816197","https://openalex.org/W2040245966","https://openalex.org/W2045504527","https://openalex.org/W2057980114","https://openalex.org/W2058266195","https://openalex.org/W2060349498","https://openalex.org/W2062783322","https://openalex.org/W2075562380","https://openalex.org/W2082512963","https://openalex.org/W2103687947","https://openalex.org/W2104875973","https://openalex.org/W2109481655","https://openalex.org/W2112547532","https://openalex.org/W2113756706","https://openalex.org/W2118348383","https://openalex.org/W2119752956","https://openalex.org/W2127063197","https://openalex.org/W2131089468","https://openalex.org/W2132280069","https://openalex.org/W2141645383","https://openalex.org/W2142434837","https://openalex.org/W2144669296","https://openalex.org/W2157466139","https://openalex.org/W2164496512","https://openalex.org/W2167756760","https://openalex.org/W2239778283","https://openalex.org/W2319592039","https://openalex.org/W2331655103","https://openalex.org/W2476460572","https://openalex.org/W2479631132","https://openalex.org/W2506667369","https://openalex.org/W2613734297","https://openalex.org/W2795833029","https://openalex.org/W2796983604","https://openalex.org/W2810942721","https://openalex.org/W3146451475","https://openalex.org/W4211198965","https://openalex.org/W4235005730","https://openalex.org/W4243383518","https://openalex.org/W4249530922","https://openalex.org/W4249637360","https://openalex.org/W4252750640","https://openalex.org/W4255853235","https://openalex.org/W4301056702","https://openalex.org/W4302779829","https://openalex.org/W4388119175"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387762177","https://openalex.org/W2984534229","https://openalex.org/W58592783","https://openalex.org/W7095837535","https://openalex.org/W2141645383","https://openalex.org/W4405138647","https://openalex.org/W2111645523","https://openalex.org/W7135236193","https://openalex.org/W2979315777","https://openalex.org/W991081644"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"paper":[2],"explores":[3],"the":[4,15,53,60,70,115,131],"ways":[5],"in":[6,52,111,133],"which":[7],"structural":[8],"and":[9,31,44,104,127],"practice-based":[10],"social":[11,38,63,84,125,137],"constraints":[12,55],"contribute":[13],"to":[14,36],"maintenance":[16],"of":[17,29,41,46,59,62,72,76,92,102,118,130,136],"nonstandardwerein":[18],"Bolton,":[19],"England.":[20],"Using":[21],"data":[22],"from":[23],"a":[24],"school":[25],"ethnography,":[26],"2747":[27],"tokens":[28],"first-":[30],"third-person":[32],"singularwas/wereare":[33],"analyzed":[34],"according":[35],"informants'":[37],"class,":[39],"community":[40],"practice,":[42],"self-identification,":[43],"place":[45],"birth.":[47],"Varbrul":[48],"analyses":[49],"reveal":[50,107],"consistencies":[51],"linguistic":[54],"on":[56],"variation":[57,88],"irrespective":[58],"type":[61],"analysis":[64],"undertaken.":[65],"These":[66],"patterns":[67],"generally":[68],"confirm":[69],"findings":[71],"previouswas/werestudies.":[73],"However,":[74],"comparisons":[75],"log":[77],"likelihood":[78],"results":[79],"suggest":[80],"that":[81,108],"although":[82],"different":[83],"factors":[85],"constrain":[86],"this":[87],"with":[89],"varying":[90],"degrees":[91],"accuracy,":[93],"no":[94],"one":[95],"factor":[96],"alone":[97],"sufficiently":[98],"explains":[99],"it.":[100],"Comparisons":[101],"groups":[103],"individual":[105],"speakers":[106],"nonstandardweremaintenance":[109],"is":[110],"fact":[112],"explained":[113],"by":[114],"combined":[116],"effect":[117],"an":[119],"established":[120],"correlation":[121],"between":[122],"nonstandardwereand":[123],"local":[124],"structures":[126],"on-going":[128],"revitalization":[129],"form":[132],"contemporary":[134],"forms":[135],"practice.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}