{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2138783192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/69.790839","title":"Workflow and end-user quality of service issues in Web-based education","display_name":"Workflow and end-user quality of service issues in Web-based education","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2138783192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/69.790839","mag":"2138783192"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/69.790839","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/69.790839","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/69.790839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-a","cwts-core","dongbi-a","fnege-3","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108545096","display_name":"Mladen Alan Vouk","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.A. Vouk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014359567","display_name":"Donald L. Bitzer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.L. Bitzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048544962","display_name":"Richard L. Klevans","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.L. Klevans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujitsu Network Communications, Inc., Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujitsu Network Communications, Inc., Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.0698,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98472213,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"673","last_page":"687"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.4943999946117401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.4943999946117401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14496","display_name":"Educational Technology and E-Learning","score":0.38940000534057617,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14498","display_name":"Educational Technology in Learning","score":0.013199999928474426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-learning","display_name":"online learning","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-based-education","display_name":"network-based education","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"quality of service","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-user-experience","display_name":"end-user experience","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-online-learning","display_name":"synchronous online learning","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/round-trip-time","display_name":"round-trip time","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-availability","display_name":"system availability","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-laboratory","display_name":"virtual laboratory","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collaborative-learning","display_name":"cooperative learning","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-profiles","display_name":"user profiles","score":0.5040000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8312574625015259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.7192621231079102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6050896048545837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.5529305934906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35578498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193424","display_name":"Web service","level":2,"score":0.5183795094490051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4980623722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.44496843218803406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.332317590713501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.1852787435054779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.14712265133857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/69.790839","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/69.790839","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/69.790839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30698027","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","issn_l":"1041-4347","issn":["1041-4347","1558-2191","2326-3865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","ccf-a","cwts-core","dongbi-a","fnege-3","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8278999924659729,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20937175","https://openalex.org/W70443561","https://openalex.org/W75241718","https://openalex.org/W98171137","https://openalex.org/W244608770","https://openalex.org/W1500385721","https://openalex.org/W1503480250","https://openalex.org/W1545400240","https://openalex.org/W1888249380","https://openalex.org/W1987525834","https://openalex.org/W1988946567","https://openalex.org/W1995218025","https://openalex.org/W2009613121","https://openalex.org/W2025449213","https://openalex.org/W2027027965","https://openalex.org/W2045969029","https://openalex.org/W2067982987","https://openalex.org/W2071304505","https://openalex.org/W2085729879","https://openalex.org/W2093369830","https://openalex.org/W2100109839","https://openalex.org/W2101815034","https://openalex.org/W2113004249","https://openalex.org/W2125933978","https://openalex.org/W2148415528","https://openalex.org/W2152607810","https://openalex.org/W2355594382","https://openalex.org/W2556673717","https://openalex.org/W2923373594","https://openalex.org/W4236902421"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098461481","https://openalex.org/W2522844216","https://openalex.org/W2101815034","https://openalex.org/W2798552187","https://openalex.org/W44237872","https://openalex.org/W2806939348","https://openalex.org/W2339663224","https://openalex.org/W7100197573","https://openalex.org/W7100655423","https://openalex.org/W3109715897"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,46],"option":[1],"of":[2,44,53,101,167,202],"obtaining":[3],"education":[4,31,91],"over":[5,33],"networks":[6],"is":[7,146],"quickly":[8],"becoming":[9],"a":[10,42,112,119,183,189,195,200],"reality":[11],"for":[12,86,149],"all":[13],"those":[14],"who":[15],"have":[16,188],"access":[17],"to":[18,56,59,65],"the":[19,22,34,37,95,106,164,168],"Internet":[20,38],"and":[21,36,64,71,99,118,142,163,199],"World":[23],"Wide":[24],"Web":[25,123],"(WWW).":[26],"However,":[27],"at":[28,176],"present,":[29],"network-based":[30],"(NBE)":[32],"WWW":[35],"in":[39,61],"general":[40],"faces":[41],"number":[43],"pitfalls.":[45],"problems":[47],"range":[48],"from":[49,111],"inadequate":[50,57],"end-user":[51],"quality":[52,100],"service":[54,102,172],"(QoS),":[55],"materials,":[58],"shortcomings":[60],"learning":[62],"paradigms,":[63],"missing":[66],"or":[67],"inappropriate":[68],"student":[69],"assessment":[70,193],"feedback":[72],"mechanisms.":[73],"In":[74,104],"this":[75],"paper,":[76],"we":[77,108],"discuss":[78],"some":[79],"major":[80],"issues":[81],"that,":[82,147],"although":[83],"mostly":[84],"solved":[85],"NBE,":[87],"still":[88],"face":[89],"Web-based":[90],"(WEE).":[92],"These":[93],"include":[94],"required":[96],"workflow-oriented":[97],"technological":[98],"support.":[103],"discussing":[105],"issues,":[107],"use":[109],"examples":[110],"wide-area":[113],"NBE/WBE":[114],"system":[115,121,131,169,186],"called":[116,122],"NovaNET":[117],"WEE":[120,130,151,185],"Lecture":[124],"System":[125],"(WLS).":[126],"We":[127,179],"recommend":[128],"that":[129,182],"developers":[132],"construct":[133],"operational":[134],"user":[135],"(workflow)":[136],"profiles":[137],"before":[138],"building":[139],"their":[140],"content":[141],"interfaces.":[143],"Our":[144],"experience":[145],"especially":[148],"synchronous":[150],"systems,":[152],"user-level":[153],"round-trip":[154],"keystroke":[155],"delays":[156],"should":[157,174],"not":[158],"exceed":[159],"about":[160],"250":[161],"ms":[162],"overall":[165],"availability":[166],"(including":[170],"network-related":[171],"failures)":[173],"be":[175],"least":[177],"0.95.":[178],"also":[180],"suggest":[181],"successful":[184],"will":[187],"sound":[190],"auto-adaptive":[191],"knowledge":[192],"component,":[194],"\"virtual\"":[196],"laboratory":[197],"capability,":[198],"set":[201],"strong":[203],"collaborative":[204],"functions.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
