{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2137674580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.1968.10480432","title":"No Easy Victories","display_name":"No Easy Victories","publication_year":1968,"publication_date":"1968-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2137674580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.1968.10480432","mag":"2137674580"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/00031305.1968.10480432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.1968.10480432","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.1968.10480432","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4179095","display_name":"The American Statistician","issn_l":"0003-1305","issn":["0003-1305","1537-2731"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Statistician","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041489376","display_name":"John W. Gardner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4028-6862","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4028-6862"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John W. Gardner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Education, and Welfare"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Education, and Welfare","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041489376"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":77.9603,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99816501,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"14","last_page":"16"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13333","display_name":"American Political and Social Dynamics","score":0.47530001401901245,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13333","display_name":"American Political and Social Dynamics","score":0.47530001401901245,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10443","display_name":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","score":0.1995999962091446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13988","display_name":"Public Administration and Governance","score":0.1932000070810318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-policy","display_name":"social policy","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planning","display_name":"planning","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-sentiment","display_name":"public sentiment","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-change","display_name":"institutional change","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-unrest","display_name":"civil unrest","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-welfare","display_name":"social welfare","score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.3490000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-problems","display_name":"social problems","score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-childhood-education","display_name":"early childhood education","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-research","display_name":"health research","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-development","display_name":"rural development","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-training","display_name":"employee training","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-rights","display_name":"civil rights","score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-liberties","display_name":"civil liberties","score":0.527999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.584574818611145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5708393454551697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777146004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14949826","display_name":"CLARITY","level":2,"score":0.48183193802833557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.40029895305633545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3742288649082184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3606715500354767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.12200358510017395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/00031305.1968.10480432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.1968.10480432","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00031305.1968.10480432","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4179095","display_name":"The American Statistician","issn_l":"0003-1305","issn":["0003-1305","1537-2731"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Statistician","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W598648343","https://openalex.org/W578978206","https://openalex.org/W572592879","https://openalex.org/W2504503836","https://openalex.org/W4230780623","https://openalex.org/W4415024585","https://openalex.org/W2912478807","https://openalex.org/W4253034489","https://openalex.org/W2083289776","https://openalex.org/W7097899361"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"couple":[1],"of":[2,76,89,100,125,130,143,148,188,205,209,214,219,228,239,249,258,334,355,397,406,456,466,474,477,480,495,498,505,533,558,593,599,614,637,671,717,733,761,781,792,824],"years":[3,10,183,348],"ago,":[4],"when":[5,544,765],"I":[6,20,35,49,55,83,111,119,162,293,666,683],"was":[7,50,661,692],"about":[8,87,166,668],"ten":[9],"younger,":[11],"Fred":[12,29],"Mosteller":[13],"asked":[14,667],"me":[15,756],"to":[16,60,85,136,164,297,420,444,453,458,503,512,554,631,646,663,686,694,775,784,788,801],"give":[17],"this":[18,44,101,159,220],"speech.":[19],"said":[21,677],"yes":[22],"partly":[23,33],"because":[24,34,48],"I've":[25,155],"known":[26],"and":[27,39,66,140,175,212,233,256,300,316,330,390,433,460,483,487,548,609,627,640,675,708,769,787,817],"admired":[28],"for":[30,197,246,323,338,368,378,437,715],"many":[31,41],"years,":[32],"once":[36],"taught":[37],"statistics":[38],"have":[40,179,306,350,394,435,606,797],"friends":[42],"in":[43,92,97,104,145,181,193,211,216,255,427,523,650,655,724,803],"Association,":[45,828],"but":[46,517],"mostly":[47],"flattered":[51],"that":[52,152,285,298,418,441,584,634,643,697,763,811],"someone":[53],"thought":[54],"would":[56,442,470],"last":[57],"long":[58],"enough":[59,800],"keep":[61],"the":[62,90,98,109,123,128,141,146,170,182,198,247,253,264,303,314,325,335,345,369,379,428,454,478,496,513,519,531,564,575,578,582,596,624,651,700,731,779,825],"engagement.":[63],"My":[64],"days":[65],"my":[67],"energies":[68],"are":[69,318,341,546,592,644,771,814],"niow":[70],"totally":[71],"absorbed":[72],"ill":[73],"hlandling":[74],"some":[75,88,613],"President":[77],"Johnson's":[78],"major":[79],"domestic":[80,94,189],"programs,":[81],"anid":[82,580],"want":[84,163,685],"talk":[86,165],"problems":[91,96,107,320],"our":[93,138,194,607],"effort,":[95],"governinig":[99],"free":[102],"society":[103],"other":[105],"words,":[106],"facing":[108],"people.":[689],"cannot":[112],"speak":[113],"with":[114,117,263,363,561,727],"assurance,":[115],"only":[116,597],"concerni.":[118],"constantly":[120],"marvel":[121],"at":[122,611,821],"number":[124,142,732],"people":[126,144,254,337,648,665,735],"outside":[127],"arenia":[129],"action":[131,149],"who":[132,150,660],"know":[133],"precisely":[134],"how":[135],"solve":[137],"problems,":[139],"heat":[147],"lack":[151],"superhuman":[153],"clarity.":[154],"often":[156],"wondered":[157],"why":[158],"is":[160,243,310,696,723,767],"so.":[161],"resources,":[167],"expectatioiis,":[168],"planniing,":[169],"public":[171],"mood,":[172],"institutional":[173,793],"change":[174],"civil":[176],"disorder.":[177],"We":[178,268,393,604],"seen":[180],"since":[184],"1961":[185],"a":[186,236,311,401,467,600,620,658,709,749,822],"growth":[187,288],"social":[190,229,240,265,339,408,652],"programs":[191,377,399],"unrivalled":[192],"history":[195],"except":[196],"period":[199],"1933-37.":[200],"I'm":[678],"not":[202,679],"speaking":[203,208],"solely":[204],"government":[206,259],"programs-I'm":[207],"activities":[210],"out":[213,257],"government,":[215],"every":[217,283,407],"corner":[218],"land.":[221],"It":[222],"has":[223,747],"been":[224],"an":[225,680],"extraordinary":[226],"outburst":[227],"conscience,":[230],"marked":[231],"first":[232],"foremost":[234],"by":[235,252,302,413],"heightened":[237],"awareness":[238],"problems.":[241],"There":[242],"no":[244],"precedent":[245],"scope":[248],"goals":[250,543],"envisioned":[251],"wlho":[260],"concern":[261],"tlhemselves":[262],"fields":[266],"today.":[267],"lhave":[269],"declared":[270],"war":[271,520],"on":[272,282,712],"ignorance,":[273],"disease,":[274],"poverty,":[275],"discrimination,":[276],"mental":[277],"or":[278,289,410],"physical":[279],"incapacity-in":[280],"fact,":[281],"condition":[284],"stunts":[286],"human":[287,291],"diminishes":[290],"dignity.":[292],"am":[294],"deeply":[295],"committed":[296],"effort":[299,774],"heartened":[301],"progress":[304],"we":[305,349,508,573,617,796,807],"made.":[307],"But":[308,633],"it":[309,615,745],"struggle":[312],"all":[313],"way,":[315],"there":[317],"grave":[319],"ahead.":[321],"Consider,":[322],"example,":[324],"coming":[326],"crunch":[327],"between":[328,542],"expectations":[329,333],"resources.":[331,603],"The":[332,404,431,463],"American":[336,826],"benefits":[340],"virtually":[342],"limitless.":[343],"In":[344],"past":[346],"six":[347],"opened":[351],"up":[352,699],"innumerable":[353],"areas":[354],"constructive":[356],"governmental":[357],"activity-in":[358],"early":[359],"childhood":[360],"educationi,":[361],"work":[362,373],"handicapped":[364],"children,":[365],"special":[366],"education":[367],"disadvantaged,":[370],"health":[371,718],"research,":[372],"oni":[374,400],"artificial":[375],"organs,":[376],"aged.":[380],"rural":[381],"development":[382],"efforts,":[383],"conservatioin":[384],"aind":[385],"beautification":[386],"activities,":[387],"manpower":[388],"training":[389],"so":[391],"on.":[392],"begun":[395],"most":[396,647],"these":[398,414],"modest":[402],"scale.":[403],"proponents":[405],"institution":[409],"group":[411],"aided":[412],"prograins":[415],"believe":[416],"passionately":[417],"support":[419,440],"their":[421],"field":[422],"Imiust":[423],"be":[424,528,551,706,740,809],"vastly":[425],"enlarged":[426],"near":[429],"future.":[430],"colleges":[432],"uniiversities":[434],"ideas":[436],"future":[438],"Federal":[439],"run":[443,471,491,502],"billions":[445],"per":[446],"year.":[447],"And":[448],"they":[449],"ask":[450],"little":[451],"compared":[452],"advocates":[455],"aid":[457],"elementary":[459],"secondary":[461],"education.":[462],"aninual":[464],"cost":[465,479,497,642],"guaranteed":[468],"incoimle":[469],"-to":[472],"scores":[473],"billions.":[475,506],"Estimnates":[476],"adequate":[481],"air":[482],"water":[484],"pollutioni":[485],"control":[486],"solid":[488],"waste":[489],"disposal":[490],"even":[492],"higher.":[493],"Es-timiiates":[494],"renovating":[499],"our1":[500],"cities":[501],"hundreds":[504],"Today":[507],"attribute":[509],"budget":[510],"constraints":[511],"Viet":[514],"Nam":[515],"war,":[516],"if":[518,616,721],"ended":[521],"tomorrow,":[522],"12":[524],"monithls":[525],"we'd":[526],"again":[527],"bumpingt":[529],"against":[530],"ceiliing":[532],"resource":[534,752],"constraints.":[535],"How":[536,571],"do":[537,581],"you":[538,559],"make":[539,586],"rational":[540,587],"choices":[541,588,591],"resources":[545,713,770,782],"limited":[547,552],"will":[549,585,704,739],"always":[550],"relative":[553],"expectations?":[555],"To":[556],"those":[557,812],"familiar":[560],"program":[562],"budgeting,":[563],"question":[565],"translates":[566],"itself":[567],"into":[568],"several":[569],"others:":[570],"cani":[572],"gather":[574],"data,":[576],"accomplish":[577],"evaluation,":[579],"planning":[583],"possible?":[589],"Forced":[590],"course":[594],"nlot":[595],"conisequence":[598],"limit":[601,710],"oIn":[602],"can":[605,618,737],"cake":[608],"eat":[610],"least":[612],"get":[619],"higher":[621],"yield":[622],"from":[623],"dollars,":[625],"talent":[626],"inistitutional":[628],"strength":[629],"available":[630,714],"us.":[632],"raises":[635],"questions":[636],"good":[638],"management":[639],"unit":[641,669,729],"painful":[645],"active":[649],"fields.":[653],"Once":[654],"talking":[656],"witlh":[657],"physician":[659],"ministering":[662],"poor":[664],"costs":[670],"his":[672],"government-supported":[673],"clinic,":[674],"he":[676,691,722,746],"efficiency":[681],"expert,":[682],"just":[684],"heal":[687],"sick":[688,734],"What":[690],"refusinig":[693],"face":[695],"somewhere":[698],"line":[701],"hard":[702],"decisions":[703],"necessarily":[705],"made,":[707],"placed":[711],"delivery":[716],"care.":[719],"So":[720],"fact":[725],"functioning":[726],"high":[728],"costs,":[730],"hie":[736],"treat":[738],"correspondingly":[741],"few.":[742],"Without":[743],"knowing":[744],"made":[748],"decision":[750],"oln":[751],"allocation.":[753],"Now":[754],"let":[755],"mention":[757],"onie":[758],"more":[759],"kind":[760],"probleiii":[762],"arises":[764],"demand":[766],"great":[768],"limited.":[772],"Any":[773],"plan":[776],"amid":[777],"rationalize":[778],"allocation":[780],"tenids":[783],"reduce":[785],"pluralism,":[786],"introduce":[789],"new":[790],"kinds":[791],"controls.":[794],"If":[795],"less":[798],"tliami":[799],"spend":[802],"constructing":[804],"hospitals,":[805],"then":[806],"must":[808],"sure":[810],"constructed":[813],"properly":[815],"located":[816],"*":[818],"As":[819],"delivered":[820],"meeting":[823],"Statistical":[827],"Washington,":[829],"D.":[830],"C.,":[831],"Wednesday,":[832],"December":[833],"27,":[834],"1967.":[835]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
