{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2137615532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2190/2q3v-hyt4-nn49-bpr4","title":"Delirium after Elective Orthopedic Surgery: Risk Factors and Natural History","display_name":"Delirium after Elective Orthopedic Surgery: Risk Factors and Natural History","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2137615532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2190/2q3v-hyt4-nn49-bpr4","mag":"2137615532","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2807736"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2190/2q3v-hyt4-nn49-bpr4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2190/2q3v-hyt4-nn49-bpr4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2190/2q3v-hyt4-nn49-bpr4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S48834210","display_name":"The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","issn_l":"0033-278X","issn":["0033-278X","0091-2174","1541-3527"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011865299","display_name":"Malcolm P. Rogers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malcolm P. Rogers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, The Robert B. Brigham Multipurpose Arthritis Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, The Robert B. Brigham Multipurpose Arthritis Center","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113697433","display_name":"Matthew H. Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0104-3606","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0104-3606"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew H. Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rheumatology/Immunology and Medicine, The Robert B. Brigham Multipurpose Arthritis Center and Harvard Medical School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rheumatology/Immunology and Medicine, The Robert B. Brigham Multipurpose Arthritis Center and Harvard Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109040525","display_name":"Lawren Hugh Daltroy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawren H. Daltroy","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Robert B. Brigham Multipurpose Arthritis Center and Harvard Medical School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Robert B. Brigham Multipurpose Arthritis Center and Harvard Medical School","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006245649","display_name":"Holley M. Eaton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Holley Eaton","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Robert B. Brigham Multipurpose Arthritis Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Robert B. Brigham Multipurpose Arthritis Center","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077319652","display_name":"John R. Peteet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5362-1765","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5362-1765"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Peteet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, The Robert B. Brigham Multipurpose Arthritis Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, The Robert B. Brigham Multipurpose Arthritis Center","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Elizabeth Wright","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Wright","raw_affiliation_strings":["Office of Information Technology, Harvard University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office of Information Technology, Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023514892","display_name":"Marilyn Albert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8167-8985","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8167-8985"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marilyn Albert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard Medical School and The Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard Medical School and The Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9202,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":148,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93664384,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"2","first_page":"109","last_page":"121"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10867","display_name":"Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10867","display_name":"Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10436","display_name":"Anesthesia and Sedative Agents","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12963","display_name":"Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2806","display_name":"Developmental Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-delirium","display_name":"postoperative delirium","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elective-orthopedic-surgery","display_name":"elective orthopaedic surgery","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-history-disease","display_name":"natural history (disease)","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propranolol","display_name":"propranolol","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scopolamine","display_name":"scopolamine","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flurazepam","display_name":"flurazepam","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-complications","display_name":"postoperative complications","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-mood","display_name":"postoperative mood","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/length-of-hospital-stay","display_name":"length of hospital stay","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-recovery","display_name":"functional recovery","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuropsychological-screening","display_name":"neuropsychological screening","score":0.8230000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779753318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160796","display_name":"Delirium","level":2,"score":0.8022971749305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6547589302062988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68312169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216685","display_name":"Orthopedic surgery","level":2,"score":0.6398468017578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780733359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331769","display_name":"Mood","level":2,"score":0.6188769340515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779356329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922625","display_name":"Checklist","level":2,"score":0.5390005111694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.5302709341049194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5054025650024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4490354061126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163276114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484591","display_name":"Natural history","level":2,"score":0.42180463671684265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.34776920080184937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2973244786262512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2821757197380066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.24199530482292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003693","descriptor_name":"Delirium","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003693","descriptor_name":"Delirium","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005479","descriptor_name":"Flurazepam","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007902","descriptor_name":"Length of Stay","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009985","descriptor_name":"Orthopedics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011433","descriptor_name":"Propranolol","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011569","descriptor_name":"Psychiatric Status Rating Scales","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012601","descriptor_name":"Scopolamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2190/2q3v-hyt4-nn49-bpr4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2190/2q3v-hyt4-nn49-bpr4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2190/2q3v-hyt4-nn49-bpr4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S48834210","display_name":"The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","issn_l":"0033-278X","issn":["0033-278X","0091-2174","1541-3527"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2807736","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2807736","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of psychiatry in medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2700104497","display_name":"ROBERT B BRIGHAM MULTIPURPOSE ARTHRITIS CENTER","funder_award_id":"7p60am036308-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1604355414","https://openalex.org/W1847168837","https://openalex.org/W1975695245","https://openalex.org/W1985004174","https://openalex.org/W2020660928","https://openalex.org/W2024091950","https://openalex.org/W2029721751","https://openalex.org/W2032836255","https://openalex.org/W2034390624","https://openalex.org/W2045071844","https://openalex.org/W2074423761","https://openalex.org/W2075951409","https://openalex.org/W2089621838","https://openalex.org/W2089987094","https://openalex.org/W2115413508","https://openalex.org/W2116127583","https://openalex.org/W2150565830","https://openalex.org/W2165883882","https://openalex.org/W2242026557","https://openalex.org/W2242530628","https://openalex.org/W2339687597","https://openalex.org/W2413065053","https://openalex.org/W2441123924","https://openalex.org/W3201886228","https://openalex.org/W4248146214","https://openalex.org/W4255303909"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963948875","https://openalex.org/W3035184471","https://openalex.org/W3024757533","https://openalex.org/W2040471388","https://openalex.org/W7140225096","https://openalex.org/W4293563936","https://openalex.org/W2151123397","https://openalex.org/W2080739446","https://openalex.org/W2152274949","https://openalex.org/W3032689705"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Forty-six":[0],"orthopedic":[1],"patients":[2,19,66,125],"were":[3,20,70,126],"studied":[4],"to":[5,133],"determine":[6],"the":[7,26,31,35,40,65],"incidence,":[8],"natural":[9],"history,":[10],"and":[11,39,111],"risk":[12,87],"factors":[13],"associated":[14,97],"with":[15,78,98,141],"post-operative":[16,100,106],"delirium.":[17],"Pre-operatively,":[18],"given":[21],"a":[22,85,142],"neuropsychological":[23],"screening":[24],"evaluation,":[25],"Mood":[27],"Adjective":[28],"Checklist":[29],"(MACL),":[30],"Zung":[32],"Depression":[33],"Scale,":[34,38],"Anxiety":[36],"Inventory":[37],"Health":[41],"Assessment":[42],"Questionnaire":[43],"(HAQ).":[44],"A":[45],"psychiatrist":[46],"interviewed":[47],"each":[48],"patient":[49],"on":[50],"post-op":[51],"day":[52],"four":[53],"for":[54,88],"evidence":[55],"of":[56,90,114,120],"delirium":[57,89],"as":[58],"defined":[59],"by":[60],"DSM":[61],"III":[62],"criteria.":[63],"Of":[64],"studied,":[67],"thirteen":[68],"(26%)":[69],"possibly":[71],"or":[72,81],"definitely":[73],"delirious":[74],"following":[75],"surgery.":[76],"Treatment":[77],"propranolol,":[79],"scopolamine,":[80],"flurazepam":[82],"(Dalmane)":[83],"conferred":[84],"relative":[86],"11.7":[91],"(p":[92,102,108],"=":[93,103,109,147],"0.0028).":[94],"Delirium":[95],"was":[96],"increased":[99],"complications":[101],"0.01),":[104],"poorer":[105],"mood":[107],"0.06),":[110],"an":[112],"increase":[113],"about":[115],"1.5":[116],"days":[117],"in":[118,135],"length":[119],"stay":[121],"(not":[122],"significant).":[123],"Delirious":[124],"significantly":[127],"less":[128,150],"likely":[129],"than":[130,151],"matched":[131],"controls":[132],"improve":[134],"function":[136],"at":[137],"six":[138],"months":[139],"compared":[140],"pre-operative":[143],"baseline":[144],"HAQ":[145],"(t":[146],"6.43,":[148],"p":[149],"0.001).":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
