{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2137454819","doi":null,"title":"Challenges for health systems in member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.","display_name":"Challenges for health systems in member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2137454819","mag":"2137454819","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10916912","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2560789"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:1453242","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2560789","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2560789","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086304685","display_name":"Jeremy Hurst","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288051870","display_name":"Organisation de Coop\u00e9ration et de D\u00e9veloppement Economiques","ror":"https://ror.org/0438wbg98","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J Hurst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Policy Unit, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Policy Unit, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5086304685"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288051870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0883,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87331701,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"78","issue":"6","first_page":"751","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.850600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.850600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12781","display_name":"Global Health Care Issues","score":0.12120000272989273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14186","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Practices","score":0.012199999764561653,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-financing","display_name":"health care financing","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-funding-of-health-care","display_name":"public funding of health care","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-affordability","display_name":"health care affordability","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-equity","display_name":"health equity","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-medical-technologies","display_name":"new medical technologies","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-demand","display_name":"health care demand","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-policy","display_name":"health policy","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oecd-countries","display_name":"OECD countries","score":0.8920000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.6440978646278381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6036961674690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.5805729031562805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84265765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193219","display_name":"Subsidy","level":2,"score":0.5406020283699036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.5189099907875061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.49225154519081116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.4779384434223175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47344431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519812","display_name":"Health policy","level":3,"score":0.44916707277297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.4360795319080353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193395930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3247219","display_name":"International health","level":4,"score":0.41162675619125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.26908695697784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.21047917008399963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.20564153790473938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.16455528140068054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003695","descriptor_name":"Delivery of Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003695","descriptor_name":"Delivery of Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005102","descriptor_name":"Health Expenditures","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006297","descriptor_name":"Health Services Accessibility","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007390","descriptor_name":"International Agencies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007391","descriptor_name":"International Cooperation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011050","descriptor_name":"Policy Making","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014944","descriptor_name":"World Health Organization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019049","descriptor_name":"Developed Countries","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:1453242","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2560789","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2560789","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2560789","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bull World Health Organ","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:10916912","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10916912","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.491.6396","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.491.6396","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://libdoc.who.int/bulletin/2000/Number 6/78(6)751-760.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3f0cb3102c8c4c7e94230b63afd10fd3","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3f0cb3102c8c4c7e94230b63afd10fd3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Vol 78, Iss 6, Pp 751-760 (2000)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:2137454819","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10916912","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:1453242","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2560789","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.504800021648407,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W208873423","https://openalex.org/W578608313","https://openalex.org/W1519828626","https://openalex.org/W1583211350","https://openalex.org/W1589052307","https://openalex.org/W1655945003","https://openalex.org/W2110591692","https://openalex.org/W2121929370","https://openalex.org/W2185365993","https://openalex.org/W3124206910"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097298464","https://openalex.org/W2006761741","https://openalex.org/W4246479158","https://openalex.org/W4243944823","https://openalex.org/W2504133946","https://openalex.org/W1927906524","https://openalex.org/W758933468","https://openalex.org/W4229852598","https://openalex.org/W1538331166","https://openalex.org/W2512419920"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"reasons":[1],"of":[2,13,26,32,42,50,66,78,94,98,111,127,135,150,156],"equity":[3],"most":[4],"OECD":[5],"countries":[6],"have":[7,90,129],"chosen":[8],"to":[9,44,52,72,83,146,159,169,174],"base":[10],"their":[11,143],"funding":[12,149],"health":[14,30,54,86,99,139,151,179],"care":[15,100,140,180],"mainly":[16],"on":[17],"public":[18,148,161],"sources.":[19],"There":[20],"is":[21],"an":[22],"almost":[23],"universal":[24],"problem":[25],"affordability":[27],"in":[28,138],"the":[29,37,40,48,64,92,123,147,171,177],"systems":[31,97],"these":[33,57],"countries,":[34],"arising":[35],"from":[36,122],"tension":[38],"between":[39],"willingness":[41],"populations":[43],"pay":[45,175],"taxes":[46],"and":[47,162],"eagerness":[49],"patients":[51],"use":[53],"services":[55],"where":[56],"are":[58,70],"free":[59],"or":[60],"heavily":[61],"subsidized":[62],"at":[63],"point":[65],"use.":[67],"These":[68],"tensions":[69],"likely":[71],"be":[73],"exacerbated":[74],"by":[75,182],"a":[76,109],"surge":[77],"new":[79,102,115],"medical":[80],"technologies":[81],"adding":[82],"demands":[84],"for":[85,113,176],"care.":[87],"Some":[88],"observers":[89],"predicted":[91],"breakdown":[93],"publicly":[95],"funded":[96],"under":[101],"spending":[103],"pressures.":[104],"However,":[105],"governments":[106],"can":[107,118],"deploy":[108],"range":[110],"policies":[112],"handling":[114],"demands.":[116],"They":[117],"also":[119],"take":[120],"comfort":[121],"fact":[124],"that":[125],"many":[126],"them":[128],"already":[130],"coped":[131],"with":[132],"successive":[133],"waves":[134],"technological":[136],"change":[137],"without":[141],"abandoning":[142],"core":[144],"commitment":[145],"systems.":[152],"Furthermore,":[153],"if":[154],"standards":[155],"living":[157],"continue":[158],"rise,":[160],"private":[163],"insurers":[164],"should":[165],"find":[166],"it":[167],"easier":[168],"obtain":[170],"revenues":[172],"needed":[173],"improved":[178],"expected":[181],"consumers.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
