{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2137422396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqg047","title":"Shift work, safety and productivity","display_name":"Shift work, safety and productivity","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2137422396","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqg047","mag":"2137422396","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12637593"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/occmed/kqg047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqg047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqg047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195965714","display_name":"Occupational Medicine","issn_l":"0962-7480","issn":["0962-7480","1471-8405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Occupational Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085585089","display_name":"Simon Folkard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1120-7472","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1120-7472"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39586589","display_name":"Swansea University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fq8t95","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97429440","display_name":"University of Wales","ror":"https://ror.org/01se4f844","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97429440"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Folkard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Body Rhythms and Shiftwork Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK. S.Folkard@Swansea.ac.uk","Body Rhythms and Shiftwork Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Body Rhythms and Shiftwork Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK. S.Folkard@Swansea.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39586589","https://openalex.org/I97429440"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Body Rhythms and Shiftwork Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Wales Swansea, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39586589","https://openalex.org/I97429440"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085585089"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39586589","https://openalex.org/I97429440"],"apc_list":{"value":2976,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3925},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.948,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":774,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99402571,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"2","first_page":"95","last_page":"101"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13233","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety Management","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11084","display_name":"Workplace Health and Well-being","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shift-work","display_name":"shift work","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/night-shift-work","display_name":"night shift work","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-safety","display_name":"occupational safety","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity","display_name":"productivity","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fatigue","display_name":"fatigue","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-breaks","display_name":"rest breaks","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shift-length","display_name":"shift length","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circadian-rhythm","display_name":"circadian rhythm","score":0.5249999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776654903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601463","display_name":"SAFER","level":2,"score":0.799214243888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.7954016923904419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77265313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q879844","display_name":"Rest (music)","level":2,"score":0.6882765293121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776176791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068683","display_name":"Shift work","level":2,"score":0.6631947159767151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.571810245513916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43540301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689971","display_name":"Paradigm shift","level":2,"score":0.44201403856277466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2953950762748718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26089853048324585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.21593502163887024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19218656420707703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.16881036758422852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.08742275834083557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.08257928490638733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.07658654451370239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000062","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Occupational","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002940","descriptor_name":"Circadian Rhythm","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004526","descriptor_name":"Efficiency","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005222","descriptor_name":"Mental Fatigue","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008960","descriptor_name":"Models, Psychological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012449","descriptor_name":"Safety","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014940","descriptor_name":"Work Schedule Tolerance","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014940","descriptor_name":"Work Schedule Tolerance","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016526","descriptor_name":"Workload","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/occmed/kqg047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqg047","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqg047","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195965714","display_name":"Occupational Medicine","issn_l":"0962-7480","issn":["0962-7480","1471-8405"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Occupational Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:12637593","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12637593","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:occumed:53/2/95","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://occmed.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/53/2/95","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.7825999855995178,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1593962014","https://openalex.org/W1603908666","https://openalex.org/W1612736460","https://openalex.org/W1998387402","https://openalex.org/W2003617565","https://openalex.org/W2009321991","https://openalex.org/W2010996333","https://openalex.org/W2026162041","https://openalex.org/W2038240223","https://openalex.org/W2045932545","https://openalex.org/W2058122967","https://openalex.org/W2069542889","https://openalex.org/W2074295869","https://openalex.org/W2078137670","https://openalex.org/W2104515085","https://openalex.org/W2109360105","https://openalex.org/W2129221732","https://openalex.org/W2135303822","https://openalex.org/W2139085371","https://openalex.org/W2144369860","https://openalex.org/W2152594446","https://openalex.org/W2154812230","https://openalex.org/W2156917827","https://openalex.org/W2338149877","https://openalex.org/W2342235816","https://openalex.org/W2412002615","https://openalex.org/W2436627268"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7100870911","https://openalex.org/W1969943009","https://openalex.org/W2010996333","https://openalex.org/W7097987172","https://openalex.org/W1541158766","https://openalex.org/W1969178020","https://openalex.org/W2036714171","https://openalex.org/W2516557804","https://openalex.org/W830544649","https://openalex.org/W4243119206"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,57],"arguments":[1],"in":[2,24,82],"favour":[3],"of":[4],"introducing":[5],"shift":[6,68,93,107],"work":[7],"clearly":[8,27],"depend":[9],"on":[10,50],"productivity":[11,31],"and":[12,32,52],"safety":[13,33,41],"being":[14],"maintained":[15],"at":[16,37],"an":[17],"acceptable":[18],"level.":[19],"However,":[20,75],"the":[21],"evidence":[22],"reviewed":[23],"this":[25],"paper":[26],"indicates":[28],"that":[29,94],"both":[30],"may":[34],"be":[35,80],"compromised":[36],"night.":[38],"More":[39],"specifically,":[40],"declines":[42],"over":[43],"successive":[44,54],"night":[45,92,106],"shifts,":[46],"with":[47,70,84,108],"increasing":[48],"hours":[49],"duty":[51],"between":[53],"rest":[55,97],"breaks.":[56,111],"only":[58],"known":[59],"way":[60],"to":[61,66,72,79],"minimize":[62],"these":[63,73,76],"problems":[64],"is":[65],"improve":[67],"systems":[69],"respect":[71],"factors.":[74],"factors":[77],"need":[78],"considered":[81],"combination":[83],"one":[85],"another":[86],"since,":[87],"for":[88],"example,":[89],"a":[90,104],"long":[91],"includes":[95],"frequent":[96,110],"breaks":[98],"might":[99],"well":[100],"prove":[101],"safer":[102],"than":[103],"shorter":[105],"less":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":40}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
