{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2137355756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.35.040195.000415","title":"Polyamines as Targets for Therapeutic Intervention","display_name":"Polyamines as Targets for Therapeutic Intervention","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2137355756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.35.040195.000415","mag":"2137355756","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7598507"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1146/annurev.pa.35.040195.000415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.35.040195.000415","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.35.040195.000415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163849586","display_name":"The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology","issn_l":"0362-1642","issn":["0362-1642","1545-4304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320373","host_organization_name":"Annual Reviews","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320373"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Annual Reviews"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2137355756"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030097391","display_name":"L J Marton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8307-1604","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8307-1604"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L J Marton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53706, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53706, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A E Pegg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A E Pegg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.6861,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":689,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99083184,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"1","first_page":"55","last_page":"91"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11924","display_name":"Polyamine Metabolism and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11924","display_name":"Polyamine Metabolism and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12770","display_name":"Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1303","display_name":"Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12996","display_name":"Bacterial Cancer Therapy","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1305","display_name":"Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyamines","display_name":"polyamines","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyamine-biosynthesis-inhibitors","display_name":"polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ornithine-decarboxylase-inhibitors","display_name":"ornithine decarboxylase inhibitors","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyamine-transport","display_name":"polyamine transport","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyamine-analogues","display_name":"polyamine analogues","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiproliferative-agents","display_name":"antiproliferative agents","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-chemotherapy","display_name":"cancer chemotherapy","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-african-trypanosomiasis","display_name":"sleeping sickness","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protozoan-parasites","display_name":"protozoan parasites","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemoprevention","display_name":"chemoprevention","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anticancer-agents","display_name":"anticancer agents","score":0.9300000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780115381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421959","display_name":"Polyamine","level":2,"score":0.9176571369171143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121289238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931579","display_name":"Ornithine decarboxylase","level":3,"score":0.855839729309082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.5395711064338684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.5065284967422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4826996326446533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777497464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418834","display_name":"Spermidine","level":3,"score":0.4634295403957367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780722877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424751","display_name":"Eflornithine","level":4,"score":0.4216569662094116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.32975122332572937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3183891177177429}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000518","descriptor_name":"Eflornithine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001692","descriptor_name":"Biological Transport","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003131","descriptor_name":"Combined Modality Therapy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004247","descriptor_name":"DNA","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005544","descriptor_name":"Forecasting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009857","descriptor_name":"Oncogenes","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009955","descriptor_name":"Ornithine Decarboxylase","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010272","descriptor_name":"Parasitic Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011073","descriptor_name":"Polyamines","qualifier_ui":"Q000037","qualifier_name":"antagonists & inhibitors","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011073","descriptor_name":"Polyamines","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012437","descriptor_name":"Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase","qualifier_ui":"Q000037","qualifier_name":"antagonists & inhibitors","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065108","descriptor_name":"Ornithine Decarboxylase Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1146/annurev.pa.35.040195.000415","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.35.040195.000415","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.35.040195.000415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163849586","display_name":"The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology","issn_l":"0362-1642","issn":["0362-1642","1545-4304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320373","host_organization_name":"Annual Reviews","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320373"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Annual Reviews"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.35.1.55","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.35.1.55","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.35.1.55","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163849586","display_name":"The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology","issn_l":"0362-1642","issn":["0362-1642","1545-4304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320373","host_organization_name":"Annual Reviews","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320373"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Annual Reviews"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:7598507","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7598507","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2415167346","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CA18138","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3814543572","display_name":"TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT BRAIN TUMORS","funder_award_id":"P01CA013525","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6708588899","display_name":"Investigations of Mammalian Aminopropyltransferases","funder_award_id":"R01GM026290","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W53798734","https://openalex.org/W67546116","https://openalex.org/W95847917","https://openalex.org/W141830240","https://openalex.org/W157893052","https://openalex.org/W197652388","https://openalex.org/W1524347304","https://openalex.org/W1544068656","https://openalex.org/W1544991224","https://openalex.org/W1579852010","https://openalex.org/W1695463822","https://openalex.org/W1783564941","https://openalex.org/W1784456916","https://openalex.org/W1803388594","https://openalex.org/W1806852508","https://openalex.org/W1840458821","https://openalex.org/W1912976463","https://openalex.org/W1924659121","https://openalex.org/W1965145175","https://openalex.org/W1968532871","https://openalex.org/W1970575035","https://openalex.org/W1973154877","https://openalex.org/W1974292158","https://openalex.org/W1982172428","https://openalex.org/W1982345914","https://openalex.org/W1983124337","https://openalex.org/W1988831898","https://openalex.org/W1991656779","https://openalex.org/W1995604250","https://openalex.org/W2005145520","https://openalex.org/W2021379454","https://openalex.org/W2025368677","https://openalex.org/W2034377493","https://openalex.org/W2036056671","https://openalex.org/W2048639507","https://openalex.org/W2050553621","https://openalex.org/W2058569472","https://openalex.org/W2059433877","https://openalex.org/W2059459115","https://openalex.org/W2074904803","https://openalex.org/W2077613374","https://openalex.org/W2084002982","https://openalex.org/W2087158727","https://openalex.org/W2108613214","https://openalex.org/W2123240558","https://openalex.org/W2161356660","https://openalex.org/W2341581173","https://openalex.org/W2396955348","https://openalex.org/W2401538735","https://openalex.org/W2408385743","https://openalex.org/W2416767685"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2339364957","https://openalex.org/W2072227462","https://openalex.org/W2338580819","https://openalex.org/W2033126739","https://openalex.org/W2794869410","https://openalex.org/W2338311477","https://openalex.org/W1979443515","https://openalex.org/W2412692539","https://openalex.org/W604111158","https://openalex.org/W2059041513"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Polyamines":[0],"are":[1,112,122,132],"ubiquitous":[2],"cell":[3],"components":[4],"essential":[5],"for":[6,19,34,83,115],"normal":[7],"growth.":[8],"Compounds":[9],"interfering":[10],"with":[11,97],"polyamine":[12],"biosynthesis":[13],"or":[14,99],"function":[15],"have":[16,28,62,107],"considerable":[17],"potential":[18,63,86],"use":[20],"as":[21,64],"therapeutic":[22,130],"agents.":[23,56],"Inhibitors":[24,57],"of":[25,37,58,66,72,87,118,141],"ornithine":[26],"decarboxylase":[27,60],"been":[29],"shown":[30],"to":[31,90,135],"be":[32,51,81,91,136],"valuable":[33],"the":[35,76,84,88,103,116,125,139,142],"treatment":[36,117],"diseases":[38],"caused":[39],"by":[40,124,138],"parasitic":[41],"protozoa,":[42],"most":[43],"notably":[44,95],"African":[45],"sleeping":[46],"sickness.":[47],"They":[48],"may":[49],"also":[50,61],"useful":[52],"chemopreventive":[53],"and":[54,111,128],"antineoplastic":[55],"S-adenosylmethionine":[59],"treatments":[65],"these":[67],"diseases.":[68],"Protocols":[69],"minimizing":[70],"uptake":[71],"exogenous":[73,143],"polyamines":[74],"via":[75],"polyamine-transport":[77,126],"system":[78],"will":[79],"probably":[80],"needed":[82],"full":[85],"inhibitors":[89],"realized.":[92],"Polyamine":[93],"analogues,":[94],"those":[96],"ethyl":[98],"benzyl":[100],"groups":[101],"on":[102],"terminal":[104],"nitrogen":[105],"atoms,":[106],"potent":[108],"antiproliferative":[109],"activity":[110],"promising":[113],"agents":[114],"cancer.":[119],"These":[120],"analogues":[121],"transported":[123],"system,":[127],"their":[129],"effects":[131],"less":[133],"likely":[134],"blocked":[137],"availability":[140],"polyamines.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}