{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2137016168","doi":null,"title":"How does social development affect FDI and domestic investment","display_name":"How does social development affect FDI and domestic investment","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2137016168","mag":"2137016168"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:open.cmi.no:11250/2436078","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2436078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064446","display_name":"NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2436078","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002686380","display_name":"Ivar Kolstad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0018-1094","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0018-1094"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800297018","display_name":"Chr. Michelsen Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02w7rbf39","country_code":"NO","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800297018"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivar Kolstad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chr. Michelsen Inst"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0018-1094","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chr. Michelsen Inst","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800297018"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051582298","display_name":"Espen Villanger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Espen Villanger","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.49320000410079956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11042","display_name":"Corruption and Economic Development","score":0.49320000410079956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10415","display_name":"International Business and FDI","score":0.4675000011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.007300000172108412,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-direct-investment","display_name":"foreign direct investment","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domestic-investment","display_name":"domestic investment","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-development","display_name":"social development","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corruption","display_name":"corruption","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-rights","display_name":"political rights","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-liberties","display_name":"civil liberties","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-freedom","display_name":"political freedom","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democratization","display_name":"democratization","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-tensions","display_name":"religious tensions","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socio-economic-conditions","display_name":"socioeconomic conditions","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/savings","display_name":"savings","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment-climate","display_name":"investment climate","score":0.9860000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6551362872123718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33842695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490513","display_name":"Foreign direct investment","level":2,"score":0.5483324527740479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4580364227294922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.4534750282764435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4517884850502014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.3375777006149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3214138150215149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.24317142367362976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.12985774874687195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.11091387271881104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:open.cmi.no:11250/2436078","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2436078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064446","display_name":"NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/report"},{"id":"mag:2137016168","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://bora.cmi.no/dspace/bitstream/10202/139/1/Report%20R%202004-2.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306506456","display_name":"CMI Report","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"CMI Report","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:open.cmi.no:11250/2436078","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2436078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064446","display_name":"NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8046000003814697,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.7257999777793884,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5378999710083008,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3635788","https://openalex.org/W143695549","https://openalex.org/W1495323161","https://openalex.org/W1503694661","https://openalex.org/W1551791385","https://openalex.org/W1606377008","https://openalex.org/W1964826652","https://openalex.org/W1966423186","https://openalex.org/W1968269377","https://openalex.org/W1970818215","https://openalex.org/W1980206192","https://openalex.org/W1983900322","https://openalex.org/W1991128340","https://openalex.org/W2009712724","https://openalex.org/W2010235856","https://openalex.org/W2024066912","https://openalex.org/W2025376325","https://openalex.org/W2025845840","https://openalex.org/W2032858254","https://openalex.org/W2046447670","https://openalex.org/W2065332398","https://openalex.org/W2066823663","https://openalex.org/W2068893248","https://openalex.org/W2079081684","https://openalex.org/W2092988318","https://openalex.org/W2101736928","https://openalex.org/W2107729441","https://openalex.org/W2125930559","https://openalex.org/W2125997216","https://openalex.org/W2130186301","https://openalex.org/W2131916881","https://openalex.org/W2138376204","https://openalex.org/W2524776042","https://openalex.org/W2891965326","https://openalex.org/W3021745054","https://openalex.org/W3121163108","https://openalex.org/W3121295845","https://openalex.org/W3122305536","https://openalex.org/W3124897968"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3635788","https://openalex.org/W2130186301","https://openalex.org/W2023822835","https://openalex.org/W2560695928","https://openalex.org/W7096171640","https://openalex.org/W3197127364","https://openalex.org/W2181557729","https://openalex.org/W4282982364","https://openalex.org/W2553995977","https://openalex.org/W2171482881"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Creating":[0],"a":[1,54,65,81,111,124],"favourable":[2],"investment":[3,139,180],"climate":[4],"is":[5,72],"crucial":[6],"for":[7,33,68],"economic":[8],"development.":[9],"In":[10,104,173],"this":[11],"study,":[12],"we":[13,50],"explore":[14],"the":[15,34,131,155],"impact":[16,56,126,151,169],"of":[17,57,134,154,158],"social":[18,143],"development":[19,144],"variables":[20,145],"on":[21,59,84,114,127,137,152,170],"FDI":[22],"and":[23,87,97],"private":[24],"domestic":[25,48,86,115,138,171,179],"investment,":[26],"using":[27],"panel":[28],"data":[29],"from":[30],"75":[31],"countries":[32],"period":[35],"1989-2000.":[36],"Our":[37],"results":[38,90],"show":[39],"that":[40,76,92,121],"reducing":[41],"corruption":[42,58,78],"leads":[43],"to":[44,74,101,109,148,163],"an":[45,150],"increase":[46,102],"in":[47,94],"investment.\\nThough":[49],"do":[51],"not":[52],"find":[53],"significant":[55],"FDI,":[60,165],"previous":[61],"studies":[62,119],"have":[63,80,110,149,167],"established":[64],"similar":[66],"relationship":[67],"FDI.":[69,103],"Thus":[70],"there":[71],"evidence":[73],"suggest":[75,120],"combating":[77],"can":[79],"beneficial":[82],"effect":[83,113,133],"both":[85],"foreign":[88],"investment.\\nOur":[89],"indicate":[91],"improvements":[93],"political":[95,106,135],"rights":[96],"civil":[98],"liberties":[99],"tend":[100],"contrast,":[105],"freedom":[107,136],"appears":[108],"negative":[112],"investment.":[116,159,172],"However,":[117],"other":[118,142],"democratization":[122],"has":[123],"positive":[125],"corruption,":[128],"which":[129],"makes":[130],"total":[132],"ambiguous.\\nA":[140],"few":[141],"are":[146],"found":[147],"one":[153],"two":[156],"types":[157],"Religious":[160],"tensions":[161],"appear":[162],"deter":[164],"but":[166],"no":[168],"addition,":[174],"socioeconomic":[175],"conditions":[176],"could":[177],"affect":[178],"through":[181],"savings.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
