{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2136993737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/plans.2008.4570014","title":"WAAS measurement processing; current design and potential improvements","display_name":"WAAS measurement processing; current design and potential improvements","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2136993737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/plans.2008.4570014","mag":"2136993737"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/plans.2008.4570014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/plans.2008.4570014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/plans.2008.4570014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918190","display_name":"IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium","issn_l":"2153-358X","issn":["2153-358X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062407974","display_name":"Karl W. Shallberg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karl Shallberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Grass Roots Enterprises Incorporated","Grass Roots Enterprises Inc., San Francisco, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Grass Roots Enterprises Incorporated","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Grass Roots Enterprises Inc., San Francisco, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Fang Sheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388891764","display_name":"Raytheon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03gkvrb60","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416","https://openalex.org/I4388891764"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Raytheon Corporation","Raytheon Corp., USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon Corporation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388891764"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon Corp., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4388891764"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0566,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90891171,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"253","last_page":"262"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13487","display_name":"Statistical and numerical algorithms","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waas","display_name":"WAAS","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gps-integrity-monitoring","display_name":"GPS integrity monitoring","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cycle-slip-detection","display_name":"cycle slip detection","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-mitigation","display_name":"multipath mitigation","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-scintillation","display_name":"phase scintillation","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication-outage","display_name":"communication outages","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-stations","display_name":"reference stations","score":0.6489999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138101251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213092","display_name":"Thread (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7005454301834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5759744644165039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.47828277945518494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.46668702363967896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17258858680725098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/plans.2008.4570014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/plans.2008.4570014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/plans.2008.4570014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918190","display_name":"IEEE/ION Position Location and Navigation Symposium","issn_l":"2153-358X","issn":["2153-358X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057727107","https://openalex.org/W2200234307","https://openalex.org/W2593590459","https://openalex.org/W2597226365","https://openalex.org/W2615091106"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2200234307","https://openalex.org/W2604162468","https://openalex.org/W2260344556","https://openalex.org/W2774156459","https://openalex.org/W1606289652","https://openalex.org/W2922151852","https://openalex.org/W2109390017","https://openalex.org/W2527981596","https://openalex.org/W1880597780","https://openalex.org/W1965290217"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Previous":[0],"papers":[1],"on":[2,11,31,169],"the":[3,47,55,63,101,132,137,162,175,211],"wide":[4],"area":[5],"augmentation":[6],"system":[7],"(WAAS)":[8],"provided":[9],"details":[10,30],"integrity":[12,48],"design":[13,133],"for":[14,232],"such":[15,170],"items":[16],"as":[17],"clock":[18],"and":[19,23,81,91,113,131,155,167,200,224],"ephemeris,":[20],"signal":[21,143],"quality,":[22],"ionospheric":[24],"monitoring.":[25],"This":[26,158,227],"paper":[27,159,184,228],"will":[28,160,229],"provide":[29],"GPS":[32],"measurement":[33,149,164,191,215,241],"processing":[34,44,68,99,165,192,216],"performed":[35],"in":[36,46,121,126,140,189],"WAAS":[37,64,118,163,178,190,222],"that":[38,103,151,203],"supports":[39],"these":[40],"monitoring":[41,176],"functions.":[42],"Measurement":[43],"conducted":[45],"(or":[49],"safety)":[50],"processor":[51],"has":[52],"evolved":[53],"during":[54,193],"localizer":[56],"performance":[57],"with":[58,174],"vertical":[59],"guidance":[60],"phase":[61,128],"of":[62,117,213],"Program.":[65],"Currently,":[66],"this":[67,96,153],"integrates":[69],"measurements":[70],"from":[71,206],"all":[72],"three":[73],"independent":[74],"receiving":[75],"threads":[76],"at":[77],"a":[78],"reference":[79,119,199,208],"station":[80],"performs":[82],"various":[83],"cross":[84,97],"thread":[85,98],"checks":[86],"to":[87,135,144,180,218],"mitigate":[88,181],"select":[89],"multipath":[90],"cycle":[92],"slip":[93],"events.":[94],"Underlying":[95],"is":[100],"assumption":[102],"common":[104],"mode":[105],"errors":[106],"caused":[107],"by":[108],"environmental":[109],"conditions":[110,150,172],"are":[111],"rare":[112,154],"random.":[114],"The":[115,183],"introduction":[116],"stations":[120,202,209],"extreme":[122],"northern":[123],"latitudes":[124],"operating":[125],"significant":[127],"scintillation":[129],"environments,":[130],"decision":[134],"have":[136,210],"receiver":[138],"operate":[139],"very":[141],"low":[142],"noise":[145],"conditions,":[146],"exposed":[147],"erroneous":[148,171],"challenged":[152],"random":[156],"assumption.":[157],"address":[161],"architecture":[166],"focus":[168],"along":[173],"algorithms":[177,217,231],"incorporated":[179],"them.":[182],"also":[185],"examines":[186],"potential":[187,212],"improvements":[188],"communication":[194],"outages.":[195],"Communication":[196],"outages":[197],"between":[198],"master":[201],"occur":[204],"primarily":[205],"remote":[207],"causing":[214],"reinitialize":[219],"thus":[220],"impacting":[221],"availability":[223],"continuity":[225],"performance.":[226],"investigate":[230],"improving":[233],"operation":[234],"through":[235],"data":[236],"outage":[237],"periods":[238],"without":[239],"reducing":[240],"quality.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
