{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2136391100","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/13.848075","title":"A programming learning system for beginners-a completion strategy approach","display_name":"A programming learning system for beginners-a completion strategy approach","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2136391100","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/13.848075","mag":"2136391100"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/13.848075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/13.848075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/13.848075","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207741693","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Education","issn_l":"0018-9359","issn":["0018-9359","1557-9638"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322189","host_organization_name":"IEEE Education Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322189","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Education Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067003070","display_name":"Kuo\u2010En Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-0498","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5055-0498"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134161618","display_name":"National Taiwan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/059dkdx38","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134161618"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuo-En Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Computer Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan","[Dept. of Inf. & Comput. Educ., Nat. Taiwan Normal Univ., Taipei, Taiwan]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computer Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134161618"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Inf. & Comput. Educ., Nat. Taiwan Normal Univ., Taipei, Taiwan]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134161618"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024298824","display_name":"Bea-Chu Chiao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134161618","display_name":"National Taiwan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/059dkdx38","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134161618"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bea-Chu Chiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Computer Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan","National Taiwan Normal University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computer Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134161618"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134161618"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033265076","display_name":"Sei-Wang Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134161618","display_name":"National Taiwan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/059dkdx38","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134161618"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sei-Wang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Computer Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan","[Dept. of Inf. & Comput. Educ., Nat. Taiwan Normal Univ., Taipei, Taiwan]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Computer Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134161618"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Inf. & Comput. Educ., Nat. Taiwan Normal Univ., Taipei, Taiwan]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134161618"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110621585","display_name":"Rong-Shue Hsiao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118292597","display_name":"National Taipei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00cn92c09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong-Shue Hsiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","National Taipei University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taipei University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4678,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88668677,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"2","first_page":"211","last_page":"220"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14496","display_name":"Educational Technology and E-Learning","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-education","display_name":"programming education","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/completion-strategy","display_name":"completion strategy","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-from-examples","display_name":"learning from examples","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/novice-programmers","display_name":"novice programmers","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-system-design","display_name":"learning system design","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-effects","display_name":"learning effects","score":0.4009999930858612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7397164702415466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3682812452316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3620149493217468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.08180868625640869}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/13.848075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/13.848075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/13.848075","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207741693","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Education","issn_l":"0018-9359","issn":["0018-9359","1557-9638"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322189","host_organization_name":"IEEE Education Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322189","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Education Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9901999831199646}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6499999761581421}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W69978378","https://openalex.org/W1531450877","https://openalex.org/W1578707244","https://openalex.org/W1982587235","https://openalex.org/W1993693161","https://openalex.org/W2029769988","https://openalex.org/W2039385367","https://openalex.org/W2064726330","https://openalex.org/W2074324022","https://openalex.org/W2126944743","https://openalex.org/W2145731266","https://openalex.org/W2612360245","https://openalex.org/W2747632778","https://openalex.org/W4206751329","https://openalex.org/W6807278386"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2478288626","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,18,35,82],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,41,53,78],"this":[3,49],"research":[4],"is":[5,38,62,90],"to":[6,24,64,73,92],"develop":[7],"a":[8,39],"programming":[9,94],"learning":[10,42,46,51,76,95],"system":[11],"for":[12,96],"beginners":[13],"using":[14],"the":[15,54,66,75,79,87,93],"completion":[16,19,36,55,88],"strategy.":[17,67],"strategy":[20,37,56,89],"uses":[21],"well-designed":[22],"programs":[23],"let":[25],"students":[26],"engage":[27],"in":[28],"completing,":[29],"modifying,":[30],"and":[31],"extending":[32],"their":[33],"programs.":[34],"paradigm":[40],"by":[43],"examples":[44],"with":[45],"enforcement.":[47],"In":[48],"paper,":[50],"theories":[52],"are":[57],"investigated.":[58],"A":[59],"template":[60],"technique":[61],"employed":[63],"realize":[65],"An":[68],"educational":[69],"experiment":[70],"was":[71],"made":[72],"show":[74],"impact":[77],"proposed":[80],"system.":[81],"experimental":[83],"result":[84],"shows":[85],"that":[86],"benefit":[91],"beginners.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}