{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2136264782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1170266","title":"Restrictive Educational Settings: Exile or Haven?","display_name":"Restrictive Educational Settings: Exile or Haven?","publication_year":1982,"publication_date":"1982-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2136264782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1170266","mag":"2136264782"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/1170266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1170266","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1170266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92895470","display_name":"Review of Educational Research","issn_l":"0034-6543","issn":["0034-6543","1935-1046"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Educational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068516386","display_name":"Gaea Leinhardt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaea Leinhardt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069379357","display_name":"Allan Pallay","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allan Pallay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.9822,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":113,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97265183,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"4","first_page":"557","last_page":"557"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.42089998722076416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.42089998722076416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14017","display_name":"Legal Issues in Education","score":0.218299999833107,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13131","display_name":"Collaborative Teaching and Inclusion","score":0.09610000252723694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-restrictive-environment","display_name":"least restrictive environment","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/special-education","display_name":"special education","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compensatory-education","display_name":"compensatory education","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-achieving-students","display_name":"low-achieving students","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-cases","display_name":"court cases","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-outcomes","display_name":"student outcomes","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-teaching-practices","display_name":"good teaching practices","score":0.6499999761581421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5576782822608948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779725342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q262286","display_name":"Compensatory education","level":3,"score":0.5026228427886963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68443243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2786686","display_name":"Quartile","level":3,"score":0.48393183946609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4416177570819855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778217808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5683658","display_name":"Haven","level":2,"score":0.42868131399154663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28858896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212105","display_name":"Special education","level":2,"score":0.4133409261703491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4064917266368866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3340240716934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.21574583649635315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.18833419680595398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5395021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061410","display_name":"Program evaluation","level":2,"score":0.13518831133842468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.07850232720375061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/1170266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1170266","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1170266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92895470","display_name":"Review of Educational Research","issn_l":"0034-6543","issn":["0034-6543","1935-1046"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Educational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.3102/00346543052004557","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543052004557","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543052004557","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S92895470","display_name":"Review of Educational Research","issn_l":"0034-6543","issn":["0034-6543","1935-1046"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Educational Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.912.5857","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.912.5857","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://rer.sagepub.com/content/52/4/557.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8278999924659729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"},{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.7300000190734863,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W35406815","https://openalex.org/W49392218","https://openalex.org/W59189869","https://openalex.org/W89458987","https://openalex.org/W91516665","https://openalex.org/W97385046","https://openalex.org/W125543524","https://openalex.org/W160147387","https://openalex.org/W169784346","https://openalex.org/W183711614","https://openalex.org/W234936164","https://openalex.org/W236697405","https://openalex.org/W244876775","https://openalex.org/W264138123","https://openalex.org/W294711259","https://openalex.org/W313346195","https://openalex.org/W336901880","https://openalex.org/W563473426","https://openalex.org/W597517712","https://openalex.org/W1019213073","https://openalex.org/W1487007441","https://openalex.org/W1496129044","https://openalex.org/W1507530631","https://openalex.org/W1586528734","https://openalex.org/W1783232066","https://openalex.org/W1784711034","https://openalex.org/W1808215248","https://openalex.org/W1808899787","https://openalex.org/W1830270352","https://openalex.org/W1924033782","https://openalex.org/W1935995688","https://openalex.org/W1970268557","https://openalex.org/W1985389492","https://openalex.org/W1999698433","https://openalex.org/W2031913407","https://openalex.org/W2049267779","https://openalex.org/W2058346571","https://openalex.org/W2061218565","https://openalex.org/W2066371448","https://openalex.org/W2071313340","https://openalex.org/W2076736556","https://openalex.org/W2095778805","https://openalex.org/W2098663434","https://openalex.org/W2102235184","https://openalex.org/W2145121333","https://openalex.org/W2145131346","https://openalex.org/W2147367872","https://openalex.org/W2156851993","https://openalex.org/W2169534718","https://openalex.org/W2185645110","https://openalex.org/W2226630325","https://openalex.org/W2260225510","https://openalex.org/W2395736661","https://openalex.org/W2400969143","https://openalex.org/W2414095194","https://openalex.org/W2417453312","https://openalex.org/W2463075727","https://openalex.org/W2468161043","https://openalex.org/W2565414833","https://openalex.org/W2582167002","https://openalex.org/W2594143980","https://openalex.org/W2724786768","https://openalex.org/W2791105386","https://openalex.org/W2791378210","https://openalex.org/W2794451009","https://openalex.org/W2795891127","https://openalex.org/W2796337371","https://openalex.org/W3140993585","https://openalex.org/W4235187224","https://openalex.org/W4247847561","https://openalex.org/W4250980127","https://openalex.org/W4256588908"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7048110678","https://openalex.org/W2608761727","https://openalex.org/W1593228126","https://openalex.org/W1977802446","https://openalex.org/W7099144187","https://openalex.org/W198101158","https://openalex.org/W2576834015","https://openalex.org/W307809907","https://openalex.org/W2795240197","https://openalex.org/W2981027486"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,74],"reviews":[2],"the":[3,18,48,73,76,90,97,116,126,132,136],"educational":[4,11,55],"and":[5,27,38,45,59,83,111],"emotional":[6],"impact":[7],"of":[8,21,30,47,72,78,89,128,138],"restrictive":[9,118],"(isolated)":[10],"settings":[12,56],"on":[13],"children":[14],"who":[15],"are":[16,43,57,100],"in":[17,80,108],"lowest":[19],"quartile":[20],"achievement.":[22],"The":[23,69],"basic":[24],"arguments":[25],"for":[26,102,113],"against":[28],"separation":[29],"slower":[31],"students":[32],"(both":[33],"those":[34,39],"classified":[35],"as":[36,64],"handicapped":[37],"not":[40,131],"so":[41],"classified)":[42],"reviewed":[44],"some":[46],"more":[49],"prominent":[50],"legal":[51],"cases":[52],"discussed.":[53],"Various":[54],"defined":[58],"a":[60,87],"position":[61],"is":[62,94,120,125],"developed":[63],"to":[65],"how":[66],"setting":[67],"operates.":[68],"main":[70],"body":[71],"examines":[75],"results":[77],"studies":[79],"both":[81],"special":[82],"compensatory":[84],"education.":[85],"As":[86],"result":[88],"extensive":[91],"review,":[92],"it":[93,124],"asserted":[95],"that":[96,112,134],"variables":[98],"which":[99],"important":[101],"successful":[103],"student":[104],"outcomes":[105],"can":[106],"occur":[107],"most":[109],"settings,":[110],"ethical":[114],"reasons":[115],"least":[117],"environment":[119],"preferred.":[121],"In":[122],"summary,":[123],"issue":[127],"effective":[129],"practices,":[130],"setting,":[133],"deserves":[135],"attention":[137],"educators.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
