{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2136235242","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/69.9.719","title":"Comparison of Motor Copy and Targeted Biofeedback Training Techniques for Restitution of Upper Extremity Function Among Patients with Neurologic Disorders","display_name":"Comparison of Motor Copy and Targeted Biofeedback Training Techniques for Restitution of Upper Extremity Function Among Patients with Neurologic Disorders","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2136235242","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/69.9.719","mag":"2136235242","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2772035"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ptj/69.9.719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/69.9.719","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/69.9.719","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185354","display_name":"Physical Therapy","issn_l":"0031-9023","issn":["0031-9023","1538-6724"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Therapy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101505512","display_name":"Steven L. Wolf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9446-8995","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9446-8995"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven L Wolf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067014157","display_name":"Debbie E. LeCraw","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debbie E LeCraw","raw_affiliation_strings":["D LeCraw, MMSc, is Senior Research Physical Therapist, Emory University Rehabilitation Research and Training Center, Emory University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"D LeCraw, MMSc, is Senior Research Physical Therapist, Emory University Rehabilitation Research and Training Center, Emory University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036714039","display_name":"Lisa A. Barton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334972020","display_name":"Sharp Memorial Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01gynte55","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334972020","https://openalex.org/I4405280159"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa A Barton","raw_affiliation_strings":["L Barton, MMSc, is Supervising Therapist, Physical Therapy Department, Donald Sharp Memorial Hospital, 7901 Frost St, San Diego, CA 92123"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"L Barton, MMSc, is Supervising Therapist, Physical Therapy Department, Donald Sharp Memorial Hospital, 7901 Frost St, San Diego, CA 92123","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334972020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4035,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4035},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1086,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89484396,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"69","issue":"9","first_page":"719","last_page":"735"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11274","display_name":"Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10614","display_name":"Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromyographic-biofeedback","display_name":"EMG biofeedback","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-limb-function","display_name":"upper limb function","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemiplegia","display_name":"hemiplegia","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-stroke","display_name":"chronic stroke","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traumatic-brain-injury","display_name":"traumatic brain injury","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-recovery","display_name":"motor recovery","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range-of-motion","display_name":"range of motion","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-electrical-activity","display_name":"muscle electrical activity","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-training","display_name":"self-training","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurological-disorders","display_name":"neurological disorders","score":0.5920000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.6799291968345642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6410320401191711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776377089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864329","display_name":"Biofeedback","level":2,"score":0.6175171136856079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777325788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16363","display_name":"Shoulders","level":2,"score":0.6129155158996582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781184374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586","display_name":"Elbow","level":2,"score":0.5869420766830444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776660947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841423","display_name":"Upper limb","level":2,"score":0.583048939704895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.5309519171714783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780645631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671554","display_name":"Stroke (engine)","level":2,"score":0.5201235413551331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778216619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185706","display_name":"Wrist","level":2,"score":0.5011477470397949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018579778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12202","display_name":"Chronic stroke","level":3,"score":0.4640952944755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778818304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1819478","display_name":"Rehabilitation","level":2,"score":0.4349656403064728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777515770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507369","display_name":"Electromyography","level":2,"score":0.42489898204803467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.16766083240509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001676","descriptor_name":"Biofeedback, Psychology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002561","descriptor_name":"Cerebrovascular Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002561","descriptor_name":"Cerebrovascular Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000534","qualifier_name":"rehabilitation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005500","descriptor_name":"Follow-Up Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006259","descriptor_name":"Craniocerebral Trauma","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006259","descriptor_name":"Craniocerebral Trauma","qualifier_ui":"Q000534","qualifier_name":"rehabilitation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006429","descriptor_name":"Hemiplegia","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006429","descriptor_name":"Hemiplegia","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006429","descriptor_name":"Hemiplegia","qualifier_ui":"Q000534","qualifier_name":"rehabilitation","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ptj/69.9.719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/69.9.719","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/69.9.719","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185354","display_name":"Physical Therapy","issn_l":"0031-9023","issn":["0031-9023","1538-6724"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical Therapy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2772035","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2772035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Physical therapy","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1035050023","https://openalex.org/W1822341231","https://openalex.org/W1989921331","https://openalex.org/W1991503136","https://openalex.org/W2042278006","https://openalex.org/W2069792087","https://openalex.org/W2207126851","https://openalex.org/W2231216177"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2295929955","https://openalex.org/W170876823","https://openalex.org/W7097839965","https://openalex.org/W2621992985","https://openalex.org/W2288954084","https://openalex.org/W3132667973","https://openalex.org/W2212143820","https://openalex.org/W2800657237","https://openalex.org/W3212656262","https://openalex.org/W2085555496"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"total":[1],"of":[2,16,33,55,72,176,202],"30":[3,26],"targeted":[4],"training":[5],"electromyographic":[6],"biofeedback":[7],"treatments":[8,27,35],"were":[9,28,61,86,151,160],"administered":[10],"to":[11,38],"the":[12,39,41,44,112,138,148,173,194,206],"hemiplegic":[13],"upper":[14,123],"extremities":[15],"12":[17],"chronic":[18,98],"stroke":[19,99],"and":[20,43,47,57,75,100,184],"head-injured":[21,101],"patients":[22,102,113,189,214],"(TT":[23],"Group).":[24],"The":[25],"divided":[29],"into":[30],"three":[31],"series":[32,71],"10":[34,73],"each":[36,70],"directed":[37],"shoulders;":[40],"elbow;":[42],"wrist,":[45],"fingers,":[46],"thumb,":[48],"respectively.":[49],"Evaluations":[50],"for":[51,79],"function,":[52,170],"active":[53,167],"range":[54],"motion,":[56],"integrated":[58],"EMG":[59,115,165],"activity":[60],"undertaken":[62],"five":[63],"times":[64],"before":[65],"treatment":[66],"(baseline":[67],"measurements),":[68],"after":[69],"treatments,":[74],"at":[76,156],"follow-up":[77,157],"intervals":[78],"one":[80],"year.":[81],"Data":[82],"from":[83,96,121],"these":[84],"evaluations":[85],"compared":[87],"with":[88,190,205],"those":[89],"obtained":[90],"over":[91],"an":[92],"identical":[93],"time":[94],"course":[95],"14":[97],"undergoing":[103],"a":[104,119,178],"motor":[105,186,207],"copy":[106,208],"procedure":[107],"(MC":[108],"Group)":[109],"in":[110],"which":[111],"matched":[114],"output":[116],"viewed":[117],"on":[118],"screen":[120],"homologous":[122],"extremity":[124],"muscles.":[125],"Both":[126],"groups":[127],"showed":[128],"appropriate":[129],"significant":[130],"changes":[131,146],"among":[132,147,188],"many":[133],"independent":[134],"variables.":[135],"Changes":[136],"within":[137],"TT":[139],"Group,":[140],"however,":[141],"appeared":[142],"more":[143,154],"treatment-related,":[144],"whereas":[145],"MC":[149],"Group":[150],"latent,":[152],"occurring":[153],"frequently":[155],"evaluations.":[158],"There":[159],"no":[161],"substantial":[162],"correlations":[163],"between":[164,181],"activity,":[166],"ROM,":[168],"or":[169],"thus":[171],"highlighting":[172],"continuing":[174],"difficulty":[175],"identifying":[177],"causative":[179],"relationship":[180],"physiologic":[182],"change":[183],"enhanced":[185],"capabilities":[187],"neurologic":[191],"disorders.":[192],"Nonetheless,":[193],"results":[195],"do":[196],"suggest":[197],"that":[198],"both":[199],"techniques":[200],"are":[201],"clinical":[203],"benefit,":[204],"technique":[209],"offering":[210],"potential":[211],"cost-effectiveness":[212],"because":[213],"can":[215],"self-train.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}