{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2136120914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/36.5.649","title":"Does Retirement Hurt Weil-Being? Factors Influencing Self-Esteem and Depression Among Retires and Workers","display_name":"Does Retirement Hurt Weil-Being? Factors Influencing Self-Esteem and Depression Among Retires and Workers","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2136120914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/36.5.649","mag":"2136120914","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8942108"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/geront/36.5.649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/36.5.649","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/36.5.649","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130337233","display_name":"The Gerontologist","issn_l":"0016-9013","issn":["0016-9013","1758-5341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Gerontologist","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026504388","display_name":"Donald C. Reitzes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1629-8326","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1629-8326"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181565077","display_name":"Georgia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03qt6ba18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. C. Reitzes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia State University, Department of Sociology, College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta 30303-3083, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia State University, Department of Sociology, College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta 30303-3083, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181565077"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046373359","display_name":"Elizabeth J. Mutran","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. J. Mutran","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112292378","display_name":"Maria E. Fernandez","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. E. Fernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4408,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4408},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6011,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":166,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9294301,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"5","first_page":"649","last_page":"656"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11631","display_name":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11631","display_name":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11265","display_name":"Aging and Gerontology Research","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10006","display_name":"Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retirement","display_name":"retirement","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/well-being","display_name":"well-being","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-esteem","display_name":"self-esteem","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-workers","display_name":"older workers","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-identity","display_name":"occupational identity","score":0.6830000281333923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6839169263839722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778319590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10981881","display_name":"Self-esteem","level":2,"score":0.679259717464447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6378112435340881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158739034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1907114","display_name":"Metropolitan area","level":2,"score":0.5586124658584595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.39872193336486816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3040461242198944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2005327343940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.08676239848136902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003863","descriptor_name":"Depression","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004651","descriptor_name":"Employment","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012044","descriptor_name":"Regression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012179","descriptor_name":"Retirement","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012649","descriptor_name":"Self Concept","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/geront/36.5.649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/36.5.649","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/36.5.649","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130337233","display_name":"The Gerontologist","issn_l":"0016-9013","issn":["0016-9013","1758-5341"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Gerontologist","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8942108","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8942108","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Gerontologist","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.1024.771","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1024.771","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://gerontologist.oxfordjournals.org/content/36/5/649.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7257999777793884}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4967713392","display_name":"ROLES AND SELF--FACTORS IN DEVELOPMENT AND RETIREMENT","funder_award_id":"R01AG007410","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483677442","https://openalex.org/W1566936261","https://openalex.org/W1966186984","https://openalex.org/W1984376186","https://openalex.org/W1984536024","https://openalex.org/W1984805657","https://openalex.org/W1994189484","https://openalex.org/W2001370270","https://openalex.org/W2001493471","https://openalex.org/W2008285405","https://openalex.org/W2009536568","https://openalex.org/W2031615586","https://openalex.org/W2046459458","https://openalex.org/W2069736034","https://openalex.org/W2074464781","https://openalex.org/W2081105313","https://openalex.org/W2081481083","https://openalex.org/W2095820213","https://openalex.org/W2106722749","https://openalex.org/W2109639818","https://openalex.org/W2112778345","https://openalex.org/W2120022126","https://openalex.org/W2121399324","https://openalex.org/W2125272611","https://openalex.org/W2141177485","https://openalex.org/W2155648052","https://openalex.org/W2314318505","https://openalex.org/W2315485162","https://openalex.org/W2970310399","https://openalex.org/W3181250886"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098709025","https://openalex.org/W2122710448","https://openalex.org/W2800811705","https://openalex.org/W2052648847","https://openalex.org/W2973420871","https://openalex.org/W2129647327","https://openalex.org/W2617473626","https://openalex.org/W7153638453","https://openalex.org/W6977244274","https://openalex.org/W4404198277"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"set":[1],"of":[2,24,29,119],"older":[3],"workers":[4,36,73],"from":[5,39],"the":[6,20,53,116],"Raleigh-Durham-Chapel":[7],"Hill":[8],"metropolitan":[9],"area":[10],"were":[11],"followed":[12],"for":[13,64,72],"two":[14],"years":[15],"in":[16],"order":[17],"to":[18,43,77,85,123],"explore":[19],"social":[21],"psychological":[22],"consequences":[23],"retirement.":[25],"Three":[26],"findings":[27],"are":[28],"particular":[30],"interest.":[31],"First,":[32],"when":[33],"we":[34,56],"separated":[35],"who":[37,41,74,83,121,128],"retired":[38],"those":[40,82,127],"continued":[42,84,122],"work":[44,124],"and":[45,49,81,98],"compared":[46],"their":[47],"self-esteem":[48,59,97],"depression":[50,69,117],"scores":[51,60,70,118],"over":[52],"two-year":[54],"interval,":[55],"found":[57],"that":[58,68,90],"did":[61],"not":[62],"change":[63],"either":[65],"group,":[66],"but":[67],"declined":[71],"retired.":[75,129],"Turning":[76],"differences":[78],"between":[79],"retirees":[80],"work,":[86],"regression":[87],"analyses":[88],"revealed":[89],"retirement":[91],"had":[92,110],"a":[93,99,111],"positive":[94],"influence":[95,101],"on":[96,102,115,126],"negative":[100,113],"depression.":[103],"In":[104],"addition,":[105],"earlier":[106],"worker":[107],"identity":[108],"meanings":[109],"stronger":[112],"effect":[114],"respondents":[120],"than":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}