{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2135411241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.44.006861","title":"Analysis of a micropolarizer array-based simultaneous phase-shifting interferometer","display_name":"Analysis of a micropolarizer array-based simultaneous phase-shifting interferometer","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2135411241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.44.006861","mag":"2135411241","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16294959"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/ao.44.006861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.44.006861","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.44.006861","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211917","display_name":"Applied Optics","issn_l":"0003-6935","issn":["0003-6935","1539-4522","1540-8981","1559-128X","2155-3165"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Optics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083038005","display_name":"Matt Novak","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matt Novak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA. mnovak@optics.arizona.edu","Optical Sciences Center,  University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA. mnovak@optics.arizona.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optical Sciences Center,  University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033276871","display_name":"James E. Millerd","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163383","display_name":"4D Technology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00b2x9z76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163383"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Millerd","raw_affiliation_strings":["J. Millerd, N. Brock, M. North-Morris, and J. Hayes are with 4D Technology Corporation, 3280 East Hemisphere Loop, Suite 146, Tucson, Arizona 85706"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"J. Millerd, N. Brock, M. North-Morris, and J. Hayes are with 4D Technology Corporation, 3280 East Hemisphere Loop, Suite 146, Tucson, Arizona 85706","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163383"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108481259","display_name":"Neal J. Brock","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163383","display_name":"4D Technology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00b2x9z76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163383"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neal Brock","raw_affiliation_strings":["J. Millerd, N. Brock, M. North-Morris, and J. Hayes are with 4D Technology Corporation, 3280 East Hemisphere Loop, Suite 146, Tucson, Arizona 85706"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"J. Millerd, N. Brock, M. North-Morris, and J. Hayes are with 4D Technology Corporation, 3280 East Hemisphere Loop, Suite 146, Tucson, Arizona 85706","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163383"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074054548","display_name":"Michael B. North-Morris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163383","display_name":"4D Technology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00b2x9z76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163383"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael North-Morris","raw_affiliation_strings":["J. Millerd, N. Brock, M. North-Morris, and J. Hayes are with 4D Technology Corporation, 3280 East Hemisphere Loop, Suite 146, Tucson, Arizona 85706"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"J. Millerd, N. Brock, M. North-Morris, and J. Hayes are with 4D Technology Corporation, 3280 East Hemisphere Loop, Suite 146, Tucson, Arizona 85706","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163383"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111463920","display_name":"John B. Hayes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163383","display_name":"4D Technology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00b2x9z76","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163383"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Hayes","raw_affiliation_strings":["J. Millerd, N. Brock, M. North-Morris, and J. Hayes are with 4D Technology Corporation, 3280 East Hemisphere Loop, Suite 146, Tucson, Arizona 85706"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"J. Millerd, N. Brock, M. North-Morris, and J. Hayes are with 4D Technology Corporation, 3280 East Hemisphere Loop, Suite 146, Tucson, Arizona 85706","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163383"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074169274","display_name":"James C. Wyant","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James Wyant","raw_affiliation_strings":["M. Novak (mnovak@optics.arizona.edu) and J. Wyant are with the Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"M. Novak (mnovak@optics.arizona.edu) and J. Wyant are with the Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074169274","https://openalex.org/A5083038005"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1382,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":261,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88944478,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"32","first_page":"6861","last_page":"6861"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12050","display_name":"Optical Polarization and Ellipsometry","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11484","display_name":"Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shifting-interferometry","display_name":"phase-shifting interferometry","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peak-to-valley-error","display_name":"peak-to-valley error","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-averaging","display_name":"data averaging","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-speed-data-acquisition","display_name":"high-speed data acquisition","score":0.9089999794960022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166689943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850283","display_name":"Interferometry","level":2,"score":0.9009662866592407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.7709015011787415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.6173303723335266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.42505162954330444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.37546226382255554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3495565950870514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0955716073513031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1364/ao.44.006861","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.44.006861","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.44.006861","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211917","display_name":"Applied Optics","issn_l":"0003-6935","issn":["0003-6935","1539-4522","1540-8981","1559-128X","2155-3165"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Optics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:16294959","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16294959","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied optics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485468957","https://openalex.org/W1509810591","https://openalex.org/W1599561640","https://openalex.org/W1968902009","https://openalex.org/W1970006343","https://openalex.org/W1972142244","https://openalex.org/W1991799072","https://openalex.org/W2000924670","https://openalex.org/W2011662635","https://openalex.org/W2017628073","https://openalex.org/W2019409046","https://openalex.org/W2049305989","https://openalex.org/W2067691566","https://openalex.org/W2076824828","https://openalex.org/W2092400492","https://openalex.org/W2105514918","https://openalex.org/W2171384861","https://openalex.org/W3036822459"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1638896383","https://openalex.org/W4234009313","https://openalex.org/W4238219696","https://openalex.org/W7096312792","https://openalex.org/W1679663517","https://openalex.org/W2095098835","https://openalex.org/W2083371672","https://openalex.org/W585069540","https://openalex.org/W2019409046","https://openalex.org/W2044227458"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"technological":[1],"innovations":[2],"have":[3],"enabled":[4],"the":[5,49,63],"development":[6],"of":[7,11,38,51,62,65],"a":[8,17],"new":[9],"class":[10],"dynamic":[12],"(vibration-insensitive)":[13],"interferometer":[14,30],"based":[15,31],"on":[16,32],"CCD":[18],"pixel-level":[19],"phase-shifting":[20,35],"approach.":[21],"We":[22,46],"present":[23],"theoretical":[24],"and":[25,41,76],"experimental":[26],"results":[27],"for":[28],"an":[29],"this":[33],"pixelated":[34],"technique.":[36],"Analyses":[37],"component":[39],"errors":[40,59,68],"instrument":[42],"functionality":[43],"are":[44,69],"presented.":[45],"show":[47],"that":[48],"majority":[50],"error":[52],"sources":[53],"cause":[54],"relatively":[55],"small":[56],"magnitude":[57],"peak-to-valley":[58],"in":[60],"measurement":[61],"order":[64],"0.002-0.005lambda.":[66],"These":[67],"largely":[70],"mitigated":[71],"by":[72],"high-rate":[73],"data":[74,78],"acquisition":[75],"consequent":[77],"averaging.":[79]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":24}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}